January 24  

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 +[[Image:Fashionable contrasts James Gillray.jpg |thumb|right|200px|''[[Fashionable Contrasts]]'' (1792) by James Gillray, first published by Hannah Humphrey on January 24, 1792.]]
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-== Art and culture ==+{|class="toc hlist" id="toc" summary="Contents" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; text-align:center;"
- +|colspan="3" |
-* [[41]] - [[Caligula|Gaius Caesar (Caligula)]], known for his [[Eccentricity (behavior)|eccentricity]] and cruel [[despotism]], is [[assassin]]ated by his disgruntled [[Praetorian Guard]]s. [[Claudius]] succeeds his nephew.+|-
-*[[1438]] - The [[Council of Basel]] suspends [[Pope Eugene IV]] as [[Prelate]] of [[Ethiopia]], arrives at [[Massawa]] from [[Goa]].+! style="text-align:right; width:310px;"| << [[January 23]]
-*[[1679]] - King [[Charles II of England]] disbands [[Parliament]].+! style="width:125px;"|
-*[[1742]] - [[Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles VII Albert]] becomes [[Holy Roman Emperor]].+! style="text-align:left; width:310px;"| [[January 25]] >>
-*[[1776]] - [[Henry Knox]] arrives at [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]] with the artillery that he has transported from [[Fort Ticonderoga]].+|}
-*[[1826]] - [[Mississippi College]] is founded in [[Clinton, Mississippi|Clinton]], becoming the first college in the state of [[Mississippi]].+== Events ==
-*[[1848]] - [[California Gold Rush]]: [[James W. Marshall]] finds [[gold]] at [[Sutter's Mill]] near [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]].+* [[41]] - [[Caligula]], known for his eccentricity and cruel despotism, is assassinated by his disgruntled Praetorian Guards. Claudius succeeds his nephew.
-*[[1857]] - The [[University of Calcutta]] is formally founded as the first full-fledged university in [[south Asia]].+
-*[[1859]] - Political union of [[Moldavia]] and [[Wallachia]]; [[Alexandru Ioan Cuza]] is elected as ruler.+
-*[[1878]] - The revolutionary [[Vera Zasulich]] shoots at [[Fyodor Trepov]], the Governor of [[Saint Petersburg]].+
-*[[1887]] - [[Battle of Dogali]]: [[Abyssinia]]n troops defeat [[Italy|Italians]].+
-*[[1907]] - [[Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell|Robert Baden-Powell]] founds the [[Scouting|Boy Scout]] movement.+
-*[[1916]] - In [[Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad]], the [[Supreme Court of the United States]] declares the federal [[income tax]] constitutional.+
-*[[1918]] - The [[Gregorian calendar]] introduced in [[Russia]] by decree of the [[Council of People's Commissars]] effective from [[February 14]](NS)+
-*[[1924]] - Petrograd, formerly [[Saint Petersburg|St. Petersburg]], [[Russia]], is renamed ''Leningrad''.+
*[[1927]] - Director [[Alfred Hitchcock]] releases his first film, ''[[The Pleasure Garden (film)|The Pleasure Garden]]'', in [[England]]. *[[1927]] - Director [[Alfred Hitchcock]] releases his first film, ''[[The Pleasure Garden (film)|The Pleasure Garden]]'', in [[England]].
-*[[1935]] - The first cans of beer are sold in the US (Krueger's Finest Beer and Krueger's Cream Ale). 
-*[[1936]] - [[Albert Sarraut]] becomes [[Prime Minister]] of [[France]] 
-*[[1943]] - [[World War II]]: [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] and [[Winston Churchill]] conclude a conference in [[Casablanca Conference (1943)|Casablanca]]. 
-*[[1952]] - [[Vincent Massey]] is sworn in as the first [[Canadian]]-born [[Governor-General of Canada]]. 
-*[[1966]] - An [[Air India]] [[Boeing]] 707 jet crashes on [[Mont Blanc]], on the border between [[France]] and [[Italy]], killing 117. 
-*[[1972]] - [[Japan]]ese Sgt. [[Shoichi Yokoi]] is found hiding in a [[Guam]] jungle, where he had been since the end of [[World War II]]. 
-*[[1977]] - [[1977 Massacre of Atocha|Massacre of Atocha]] in Madrid, during the [[Spanish transition to democracy]]. 
-*[[1978]] - [[Soviet]] satellite [[Cosmos 954]] burns up in Earth's atmosphere, scattering debris over [[Canada's]] [[Northwest Territories]]. 
-*1978 - [[Rose Dugdale]] and Eddie Gallagher become the first convicted prisoners to marry in prison in the history of the [[Republic of Ireland]]. 
-*[[1984]] - The first [[Apple Macintosh]] goes on sale. 
-*[[1986]] - [[Voyager 2]] passes within 81,500 km (50,680 miles) of [[Uranus (planet)|Uranus]]. 
-* 1986 - [[Wapping dispute]]: Newspaper workers in London launch ultimately unsuccessful strike against [[Rupert Murdoch]]'s [[News International]]. 
-*[[1993]] - [[Turkey|Turkish]] journalist and writer [[Uğur Mumcu]] is assassinated by a [[car bomb]] in [[Ankara]] 
-*[[1996]] - [[Poland|Polish]] [[Premier]] [[Jozef Oleksy]] resigns amid charges that he spied for [[Moscow]]. 
-*[[2003]] - The [[United States Department of Homeland Security]] officially begins operation. 
== Births == == Births ==
-* [[76]] - [[Hadrian]], [[Roman Emperor]] (d. [[138]]) 
-*[[1287]] - [[Richard Aungerville]], English bishop (d. [[1345]]) 
-*[[1444]] - [[Galeazzo Maria Sforza]], Duke of Milan (d. [[1476]]) 
-*[[1540]] - [[Edmund Campion]], English Jesuit (d. [[1581]]) 
-*[[1638]] - [[Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset]], English poet (d. [[1706]]) 
*[[1670]] - [[William Congreve (playwright)|William Congreve]], English playwright (d. [[1729]]) *[[1670]] - [[William Congreve (playwright)|William Congreve]], English playwright (d. [[1729]])
-*[[1674]] - [[Thomas Tanner (bishop)|Thomas Tanner]], English bishop (d. [[1735]])+*[[1776]] - [[E. T. A. Hoffmann]], German writer (d. [[1822]])
-*[[1679]] - [[Christian Wolff (philosopher)|Christian Wolff]], German philosopher (d. [[1754]])+*[[1823]] - [[Prilidiano Pueyrredón]], Argentine painter, architect, and engineer. (d. [[1870]])
-*[[1705]] - [[Farinelli]], Italian castrato (d. [[1782]])+
-*[[1712]] - King [[Frederick II of Prussia]] (d. [[1786]])+
-*[[1724]] - [[Frances Brooke]], English writer (d. [[1789]])+
-*[[1732]] - [[Pierre-Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais]], French playwright (d. [[1799]])+
-*[[1742]] - [[Anne, Duchess of Cumberland and Strathearn]] (d. [[1808]])+
-*[[1752]] - [[Muzio Clementi]], Italian composer (d. [[1832]])+
-*[[1754]] - [[Andrew Ellicott]], American surveyor (d. [[1820]])+
-*[[1763]] - [[Louis Alexandre Andrault de Langeron]], Russian general (d. [[1831]])+
-*[[1776]] - [[Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann|E.T.A. Hoffmann]], German writer (d. [[1822]])+
-*[[1779]] - [[Elizabeth Alexeievna (Louise of Baden)]], Russian tsarina (d. [[1826]])+
-*[[1848]] - [[Vasily Surikov]], Russian painter (d. [[1916]])+
*[[1862]] - [[Edith Wharton]], American writer (d. [[1937]]) *[[1862]] - [[Edith Wharton]], American writer (d. [[1937]])
*[[1864]] - [[Marguerite Durand]], French feminist leader (d. [[1936]]) *[[1864]] - [[Marguerite Durand]], French feminist leader (d. [[1936]])
-*[[1872]] - [[Konstantin Bogaevsky]], Russian painter (d. [[1943]])+*[[1901]] - [[Adolphe Mouron Cassandre]], Ukrainian-French painter and designer (d. [[1968]])
-*[[1873]] - [[Leon Czolgosz]], American anarchist, assassin of U.S. President [[William McKinley]] (d. [[1901]])+*[[1915]] - [[Robert Motherwell]], American painter (d. 1991)
-*[[1888]] - [[Vicki Baum]], Austrian writer (d. [[1960]])+*[[1917]] - [[Ernest Borgnine]], American actor (d. 2012)
-* 1888 - [[Ernst Heinkel]], German aircraft designer (d. [[1958]])+
-*[[1891]] - [[Walter Model]], German field marshal (d. [[1945]])+
-*[[1895]] - [[Eugen Roth]], German writer (d. [[1976]])+
-*[[1898]] - [[Cliff Heathcote]], American baseball player (d. [[1939]])+
-*[[1901]] - [[Harry Calder]], South African cricketer (d. [[1995]])+
-*[[1902]] - [[E. A. Speiser]], American Bible scholar (d. [[1965]])+
-*[[1905]] - [[J. Howard Marshall]], American billionaire (d. [[1995]])+
-*[[1907]] - [[Maurice Couve de Murville]], French politician (d. [[1999]])+
-*[[1909]] - [[Martin Lings]], English Islamic scholar (d. [[2005]])+
-* 1909 - [[Ann Todd]], English actress (d. [[1993]])+
-*[[1913]] - [[Norman Dello Joio]], American composer+
-*[[1915]] - [[Robert Motherwell]], American painter (d. [[1991]])+
-*[[1916]] - [[Jack Brickhouse]], American sports broadcaster (d. [[1998]])+
-*[[1917]] - [[Ernest Borgnine]], American actor+
-*[[1918]] - [[Oral Roberts]], American evangelist+
-*[[1919]] - [[Coleman Francis]], American film director+
-*[[1922]] - [[Charles Socarides]], American psychiatrist (d. [[2005]])+
-*[[1925]] - [[Maria Tallchief]], American ballerina+
-*[[1927]] - [[Sir Patrick Macnaghten, 11th Baronet]], British aristocrat (d. [[2007]])+
*[[1928]] - [[Desmond Morris]], British anthropologist *[[1928]] - [[Desmond Morris]], British anthropologist
-* 1928 - [[Michel Serrault]], French actor+* 1928 - [[Michel Serrault]], French actor (d. 2007)
-*[[1934]] - [[Stanisław Grochowiak]], Polish poet (d. [[1976]])+*[[1932]] &ndash; [[Éliane Radigue]], French electronic music composer
-*[[1936]] - [[Doug Kershaw]], American musician+*[[1940]] - [[Vito Acconci]], American artist (''Following Piece'')
-*[[1939]] - [[Ray Stevens]], American musician+*[[1943]] - [[Sharon Tate]], American actress and [[Charles Manson|Manson]] murder victim (d. [[1969]])
-*[[1941]] - [[Neil Diamond]], American singer+
-* 1941 - [[Aaron Neville]], American singer+
-*[[1943]] - [[Subhash Ghai]], Indian film director+
-* 1943 - [[Sharon Tate]], American actress and [[Charles Manson|Manson]] murder victim (d. [[1969]])+
*[[1944]] - [[Klaus Nomi]], German singer (d. [[1983]]) *[[1944]] - [[Klaus Nomi]], German singer (d. [[1983]])
-*[[1945]] - [[John Garamendi]], American politician 
-*[[1946]] - [[Michael Ontkean]], Canadian actor 
-*[[1947]] - [[Warren Zevon]], American musician (d. [[2003]]) 
-* 1947 - [[Masashi Ozaki]], Japanese golfer 
*[[1949]] - [[John Belushi]], American actor (d. [[1982]]) *[[1949]] - [[John Belushi]], American actor (d. [[1982]])
-*[[1950]] - [[Gerald Brisco]], American professional wrestler+*[[1950]] - [[Daniel Auteuil]], French actor
-* 1950 - [[Benjamin Urrutia]], Ecuadorian writer+
-* 1950 - [[Daniel Auteuil]], French actor+
-*[[1951]] - [[Yakov Smirnoff]], Ukrainian-born American comedian+
-*[[1954]] - [[Jo Gartner]], Austrian racing driver (d. [[1986]])+
-*[[1956]] - [[Hanne Krogh]], Norwegian singer ([[Bobbysocks]])+
-*[[1957]] - [[Adrian Edmondson]], British comedian+
-*[[1958]] - [[Neil Allen]], American baseball player +
-* 1958 - [[Jools Holland]], British musician+
-*[[1959]] - [[Vic Reeves]], English comedian+
-* 1959 - [[David Mills (author)|David Mills]], American author+
*[[1961]] - [[Nastassja Kinski]], German-born actress *[[1961]] - [[Nastassja Kinski]], German-born actress
-* 1961 - [[Vince Russo]], American writer 
-*[[1963]] - [[Martyn Grimley]], English field hockey player 
-* 1963 - [[Arnold Vanderlyde]], Dutch boxer 
-*[[1965]] - [[Carlos Saldanha]], [[Brazilian]] [[director]] 
-*[[1965]] - [[Mike Awesome]], American professional wrestler (d. [[2007]]) 
-*[[1966]] - [[Jimeoin]], Northern Irish comedian  
-*[[1967]] - [[Mark Kozelek]], American singer/songwriter ([[Red House Painters]], [[Sun Kil Moon]]) 
-* 1967 - [[Phil LaMarr]], American voice actor 
-* 1967 - [[John Myung]], American musician ([[Dream Theater]]) 
-*[[1968]] - [[Michael Kiske]], German musician 
-* 1968 - [[Mary Lou Retton]], American gymnast 
-*[[1969]] - [[Hilmir Snær Guðnason]], Icelandic actor 
-*[[1970]] - [[Matthew Lillard]], American actor 
-*[[1971]] - [[Cory Bailey]], American baseball player 
-* 1971 - [[Andrea Mackris]], American television producer 
-*[[1972]] - [[Naoshi Mizuta]], Japanese composer 
-*[[1974]] - [[Shii Ann Huang]], American game show contestant 
-*[[1974]] - [[Ed Helms]], American actor 
-*[[1975]] - [[Rónald Gómez]], Costa Rican footballer 
-*[[1976]] - [[Shae-Lynn Bourne]], Canadian ice dancer with [[Victor Kraatz]] 
-*[[1979]] - [[Tatyana Ali]], American actress 
-*[[1980]] - [[Nicole Marie Lenz]], American actress 
-*[[1981]] - [[Travis Hanson]], American baseball player 
-*[[1983]] - [[Shaun Maloney]], Scottish footballer 
-* 1983 - [[Scott Speed]], American race car driver 
-*[[1984]] - [[Scott Kazmir]], American baseball player 
-* 1984 - [[Witold Kiełtyka]], Polish drummer ([[Decapitated]]) (d. [[2007]]) 
-*[[1986]] - [[Mischa Barton]], English-born American actress 
-* 1986 - [[Raviv Ullman]], Israeli-born American actor 
-*[[1989]] - [[Calvin Goldspink]], English singer 
-* 1989 - [[Robert MacPherson]], American professional poker player 
-<!--  
-Please do not add yourself or people without Wikipedia articles to this list. No red links, please.  
-Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence. 
-Do not trust "this year in history" websites for accurate date information. 
---> 
== Deaths == == Deaths ==
* [[41]] - [[Caligula]], [[Emperor of Rome]] (b. [[12]]) * [[41]] - [[Caligula]], [[Emperor of Rome]] (b. [[12]])
-* [[772]] - [[Pope Stephen III]] (b. [[720]]) 
-*[[1002]] - [[Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor]] (b. [[980]]) 
-*[[1125]] - [[David IV of Georgia]] (b. [[1073]]) 
-*[[1366]] - [[Alfonso IV of Aragon]] (b. [[1299]]) 
-*[[1376]] - [[Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel]], English military leader 
-*[[1473]] - [[Conrad Paumann]], German composer 
-*[[1595]] - [[Ferdinand II of Austria]] (b. [[1529]]) 
-*[[1626]] - [[Samuel Argall]], English adventurer and naval officer (b. [[1580]]) 
-*[[1639]] - [[Georg Jenatsch]], Swiss politician (b. [[1596]]) 
-*[[1666]] - [[Johann Andreas Herbst]], German composer (b. [[1588]]) 
-*[[1709]] - [[George Rooke]], English admiral (b. [[1650]]) 
-*[[1769]] - [[François de Chevert]], French general (b. [[1695]]) 
-*[[1856]] - [[modzitz|Rabbi Yechezkel of Kuzmir]], Polish Hasidic leader (b. [[1775]]) 
-*[[1877]] - [[Johann Christian Poggendorff]], German physicist (b. [[1796]]) 
-*[[1882]] - [[Levi Day Boone|Levi Boone]], [[Mayor of Chicago]] (b. [[1808]]) 
-*[[1883]] - [[Friedrich von Flotow]], German composer (b. [[1812]]) 
-*[[1895]] - [[Lord Randolph Churchill]], British politician (b. [[1849]]) 
-*[[1911]] - [[David Graham Phillips]], American journalist and novelist (b. [[1867]]) 
*[[1920]] - [[Amedeo Modigliani]], Italian painter and sculptor (b. [[1884]]) *[[1920]] - [[Amedeo Modigliani]], Italian painter and sculptor (b. [[1884]])
-*[[1924]] - [[Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg]] (b. [[1894]])+*[[1962]] - [[André Lhote]], french painter.
-*[[1932]] - [[Alfred Yarrow]], English shipbuilder (b. [[1842]])+* [[1983]] &ndash; [[George Cukor]], American film director (b. [[1899]])
-*[[1939]] - [[Maximilian Bircher-Benner]], Swiss physician and nutritionist (b. [[1867]])+*[[2018]] - [[Mark E. Smith]], English singer ([[The Fall (band)|The Fall]]) (b. 1957)
-*[[1943]] - [[John Burns]], English politician (b. [[1858]])+
-*[[1948]] - [[Maria Mandel]], Camp Leader at Auschwitz (b. [[1912]])+
-* 1948 - [[Arthur Liebehenschel]], Commandant at Auschwitz concentration camp (b. [[1901]])+
-*[[1955]] - [[Ira Hayes]], American World War II hero (b. [[1923]])+
-*[[1960]] - [[Edwin Fischer]], Swiss pianist and conductor (b. [[1886]])+
-*[[1961]] - [[Alfred Carlton Gilbert]], American swimmer and inventor (b. [[1884]])+
-*[[1962]] - [[Stanley Lord]], captain of the [[SS Californian]] the night of the [[RMS Titanic|Titanic]] disaster (b. [[1877]])+
-* 1962 - [[André Lhote]], french painter.+
-*[[1965]] - [[Winston Churchill]], soldier, politician, historian, [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] and [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel laureate]] (b. [[1874]])+
-*[[1966]] - [[Homi J. Bhabha]], Indian physicist (b. [[1909]])+
-*[[1970]] - [[Caresse Crosby]], American poet (b. [[1891]])+
-*[[1971]] - [[Bill W.]], American co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous (b. [[1895]])+
-*[[1973]] - [[J. Carrol Naish]], American actor (b. [[1897]])+
-*[[1975]] - [[Larry Fine (actor)|Larry Fine]], American actor and comedian (b. [[1902]])+
-*[[1978]] - [[Herta Oberheuser]], German doctor (b. [[1911]])+
-*[[1982]] - [[Alfredo Ovando Candía]], Bolivian president and dictator (b. [[1918]])+
-*[[1983]] - [[George Cukor]], American film director (b. [[1899]])+
-*[[1986]] - [[L. Ron Hubbard]], American writer and founder of Scientology (b. [[1911]])+
-* 1986 - [[Flo Hyman]], American volleyball player (b. [[1954]])+
-* 1986 - [[Gordon MacRae]], American actor and singer (b. [[1921]])+
-*[[1988]] - [[Werner Fenchel]], German mathematician (b. [[1905]])+
-*[[1989]] - [[Ted Bundy]], American serial killer (b. [[1946]])+
-* 1989 - [[George Knudson]], Canadian golfer (b. [[1937]])+
-*[[1990]] - [[Madge Bellamy]], American actress (b. [[1899]])+
-*[[1991]] - [[John M. Kelly (politician)|John M. Kelly]], Irish politician and academic (b. [[1931]])+
-*[[1992]] - [[Ricky Ray Rector]], American murderer (b. [[1950]])+
-*[[1993]] - [[Thurgood Marshall]], U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. [[1908]])+
-*[[1998]] - [[Walter D. Edmonds]], American author (b. [[1903]])+
-*[[2000]] - [[Bobby Duncum, Jr.]], American professional wrestler (b. [[1965]])+
-*[[2002]] - [[Peter Gzowski]], Canadian broadcaster, writer and reporter (b. [[1934]]) +
-* 2002 - [[Elie Hobeika]], Lebanese Forces militia commander (b. [[1956]])+
-*[[2003]] - [[Gianni Agnelli]], Italian auto executive (b. [[1921]])+
-*[[2004]] - [[Leônidas da Silva]], Brazilian footballer (b. [[1913]])+
-*[[2005]] - [[June Bronhill]], Australian singer (b. [[1929]])+
-* 2005 - [[Vladimir Savchenko]], Ukrainian writer (b. [[1933]])+
-* 2005 - [[Chalkie White]], English rugby union coach (b. [[1929]])+
-*[[2006]] - [[Fayard Nicholas]], American tap dancer, one-half of [[The Nicholas Brothers]] (b. [[1914]])+
-* 2006 - [[Schafik Handal]], Salvadorean politician+
-* 2006 - [[Chris Penn]], American actor (b. [[1965]])+
-*[[2007]] - [[Krystyna Feldman]], Polish actress (b. [[1920]])+
-* 2007 - [[Guadalupe Larriva]], Ecuadorian politician (b. [[1956]])+
-* 2007 - [[Emiliano Mercado del Toro]], World's Oldest Military Veteran (b. [[1891]])+
-== Notes ==+
-E. T. A. Hoffmann +
-Amedeo Modigliani +
-Vito Acconci +
-Renaat Braem +
-Nastassja Kinski +
-Adolphe Mouron Cassandre +
-Edith Wharton +
-Klaus Nomi +
-Robert Motherwell +
-Sharon Tate +
-Daniel Auteuil +
-Michel Serrault +
-Prilidiano Pueyrredón +
-This Film Is Not Yet Rated +
-Marguerite Durand +
{{GFDL}} {{GFDL}}

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Fashionable Contrasts (1792) by James Gillray, first published by Hannah Humphrey on January 24, 1792.
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Fashionable Contrasts (1792) by James Gillray, first published by Hannah Humphrey on January 24, 1792.

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