Émile Zola
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Émile Zola (April 2, 1840 – September 29, 1902) was an influential French novelist, the most important example of the literary school of naturalism, and a major figure in the political liberalization of France.
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Manifesto of naturalism
Émile Zola - the father of naturalism - wrote the manifesto of naturalism in his 1880 essay Le Roman expérimental (Eng: The experimental novel). Zola's works had a frankness about sexuality along with a pervasive pessimism which exposed the dark harshness of life, including poverty, racism, prejudice, disease, prostitution, filth, etc. They were often very pessimistic and frequently criticized for being too blunt.
