1820s
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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Births
- Gustave Flaubert (1821 - 1880) - Charles Baudelaire (1821 - 1867) - Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821 - 1881) - Matthew Arnold (1822 – 1888) - Jean-Léon Gérôme (1824 - 1904) - Wilkie Collins (1824 – 1889) - Karl Heinrich Ulrichs (1825 – 1895) - William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825 - 1905) - Gustave Moreau (1826 - 1898) - Arnold Böcklin (1827 - 1901) - Jules Verne (1828 - 1905)
Events and trends: first music halls in the UK - first photograph by Nicéphore Niépce in 1826
Books: Melmoth the Wanderer (1820) - Confessions of an English Opium Eater (1821)
- Garden in Shoreham (1820s or early 1830s) - Samuel Palmer
- The Polar Sea (1824) - Caspar David Friedrich
- The Great Wave off Kanagawa - Hokusai
During the 19th century, in both European and American art, the landscape emerged as a subject of profound significance. As industry flourished, many artists turned to nature as an escape.
The 1820s decade ran from January 1, 1820, to December 31, 1829.
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Politics and wars
Wars
- Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829)
- Caucasian War (1817–1864)
- Java War (1825–1830)
- 1828 Siamese-Lao War: Siam invades and sacks Vientiane.
Internal conflicts
- The Radical War is fought in Scotland.
Colonization
- Americo-Liberians begin to settle in the Colony of Liberia with the support of the American Colonization Society
Decolonization and independence
- Nationalistic independence helped reshape the world during this decade:
- Greece gains independence from the Ottoman Empire in the Greek War of Independence (1821–1827).
- Several countries declared their independence from Spain and Portugal:
- Mexico gains Independence from Spain after a bitter bloody war, leaving most of Mexico in ruins (1821)
- The Republic of Gran Colombia under President Simón Bolívar (1819–1828) expands over South America
- Mexico (1821)
- Brazil (1822)
Prominent political events
- The United Provinces of Central America were formed in 1823.
- Temperance movement emerges in U.S.
Technology
- World's first modern railway, the Stockton and Darlington Railway, opens to the public in 1825.
- Invention of the photograph and the first still existing photograph taken in 1826.
Economics
- United States (1825) The Erie Canal opens – passage from Albany, New York to Lake Erie and the Ohio and Erie Canal is dug to extend settlement access and commercial traffic to the Ohio River.
Popular culture
Music
- Beethoven's Ninth Symphony premiers on May 7, 1824 in the Kärntnertortheater in Vienna.
People
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