1859
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| *[[The Origin of Species]]'' by Charles Darwin | *[[The Origin of Species]]'' by Charles Darwin | ||
| - | Exposer la photographie | + | :Charles Baudelaire despised photography as being a product of industry. He felt it provided an impression of reality that did not have the 'spiritual momentum' which came from the imagination. Whilst reviewing a photographic exhibition in 1859, clearly saw the need to put photography firmly in its place: |
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| - | La troisième exposition de la [[Société française de photographie]] (SFP) qui eut lieu en 1859 au [[palais de l'Industrie]], parallèlement au Salon des beaux-arts, est une date symbole de l'histoire de la photographie du XIXe siècle. Reconnaissance des capacités artistiques de la photographie pour les uns, caractérisation de l'ambiguïté de son statut pour les autres, cet événement, aux implications et aux enjeux encore mal définis, reste une espèce d'énigme permettant toutes sortes d'interprétations souvent contradictoires et ne reposant sur aucun fait précis. L'histoire de cette exposition n'est toujours pas facile à reconstituer (chronologie floue, archives dispersées et lacunaires, images manquantes). En se posant la question des intérêts en jeu, on découvre que faire l'historique de cet événement conduit moins à clarifier le statut de la photographie au XIXe siècle qu'à dresser le constat de la place qui lui est assignée au sein de la société du Second Empire. --http://etudesphotographiques.revues.org/document223.html [Dec 2004] | + | |
| - | Charles Baudelaire On Photography | + | |
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| - | Charles Baudelaire despised photography as being a product of industry. He felt it provided an impression of reality that did not have the 'spiritual momentum' which came from the imagination. Whilst reviewing a photographic exhibition in 1859, clearly saw the need to put photography firmly in its place: | + | |
| :"[[If photography is allowed to supplement art in some of its functions, it will soon have supplanted or corrupted it altogether]]....its true duty..is to be the servant of the sciences and arts - but the very humble servant, like printing or shorthand, which have neither created nor supplemented literature.... | :"[[If photography is allowed to supplement art in some of its functions, it will soon have supplanted or corrupted it altogether]]....its true duty..is to be the servant of the sciences and arts - but the very humble servant, like printing or shorthand, which have neither created nor supplemented literature.... | ||
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Art and culture
- La Légende des siècles by Victor Hugo
- Le public moderne et la photographie by Charles Baudelaire
- The Origin of Species by Charles Darwin
- Charles Baudelaire despised photography as being a product of industry. He felt it provided an impression of reality that did not have the 'spiritual momentum' which came from the imagination. Whilst reviewing a photographic exhibition in 1859, clearly saw the need to put photography firmly in its place:
- "If photography is allowed to supplement art in some of its functions, it will soon have supplanted or corrupted it altogether....its true duty..is to be the servant of the sciences and arts - but the very humble servant, like printing or shorthand, which have neither created nor supplemented literature....
"Let it rescue from oblivion those tumbling ruins, those books, prints and manuscripts which time is devouring, precious things whose form is dissolving and which demand a place in the archives of our memory - it will be thanked and applauded. Qu'elle sauve de l'oubli les ruines pendantes, les livres, les estampes et les manuscrits que le temps dévore, les choses précieuses dont la forme va disparaître et qui demandent une place dans les archives de notre mémoire, elle sera remerciée et applaudie
But if it is allowed to encroach upon the domain of the... imaginary, upon anything whose value depends solely upon the addition of something of a man's soul, then it will be so much the worse for us." Some painters dubbed the new invention "the foe-to-graphic art." Certainly those artists who specialised in miniature portraits suffered; in 1810 over 200 miniatures were exhibited at the Royal Academy; this rose to 300 in 1830, but thirty years later only sixty-four were exhibited, and in 1870 only thirty-three.
On the other hand, the painter, Gustave Courbet, recognised photography as a useful aid in depicting motifs. However, his paintings seem to illustrate, by the thickness of colour, that he saw photography as consisting merely of a copy of reality, and that painting went much further.
A number of artists, seeing the writing on the wall, turned to photography for their livelihood, whilst others cashed in on the fact that the images were in monochrome, and began colouring them in. Baudelaire's assertion that photography had become "the refuge of failed painters with too little talent" was rather unfair, but it is true that a number turned to this new medium for their livelihood. By 1860 Claudet was able to claim that miniature portraits were no longer painted without the assistance of photography. --http://www.rleggat.com/photohistory/history/artists.htm [Dec 2004]
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