1910s  

From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia

Revision as of 12:56, 10 September 2008

Calavera de la Catrina (before 1913) by Posada

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Milestones

Titanic sinks - 1917 October Revolution, Russia - WWI (1914-18) - radio programming becomes popular - silent film - jazz (origins) - ragtime - Bauhaus founded - Dada - Futurism - USA/Europe: Alcohol Prohibition

Timeline

• 1910 First cases of nasal damage from cocaine snorting are written of in medical literature
• 1911 Mona Lisa Stolen
• 1912 "Handbuch der gesamten Sexualwissenschaft in Einzeldarstellungen" (Handbook of Sexology in its Entirety Presented in Separate Studies) - Iwan Bloch
• 1913 Bicycle Wheel (1913) - Marcel Duchamp
• 1914 Start of WWI
• 1915 A Fool There Was (1915) - Frank Powell
• 1916 The First Dada Manifesto
• 1917 Fountain (1917) - Marcel Duchamp
• 1918 End of WWI, start of Weimar Republic
• 1919 Bauhaus institute founded

Culture and religion

• Radio programming becomes popular
• Flying Squadron promotes temperance movement in the U.S.
• The first U.S. feature film, Oliver Twist, was released in 1912
• The first gangster movie, D. W. Griffith's The Musketeers of Pig Alley was released in 1912
• Hollywood replaces the East Coast as the center of the movie industry
• Charlie Chaplin débuts his trademark mustached, baggy-pants 'Little Tramp' character in Kid Auto Races At Venice in 1914
• The first African-American owned studio, The Lincoln Motion Picture Company, was founded in 1917
• The four Warner brothers, Jack, Albert, Harry and Samuel, opened their first West Coast studio in 1918
• First crossword puzzle
• Jazz music begins to become popular

Film

• Aufklaerungsfilme
• Quo Vadis? by Enrico Guazzoni
• Fantômas (1913 - 1914) film serial
• Cabiria (1914) by Giovanni Pastrone
• Les Vampires (1915) - Louis Feuillade
• A Fool There Was (1915) - Frank Powell

Visual art

end of Art Nouveau and beginning of Art Deco

• September Morn (1912) by Paul Emile Chabas
• Fountain (1917) by Duchamp
• Blue Horse (1911) by Franz Marc
• Me and my Village (1911) by Marc Chagall
• Armory show (1913)
• Piazza d'Italia (1913) by Giorgio de Chirico
• Centrale elettrica (1914) by Antonio Sant'Elia
• In 1914, suffragette Mary Richardson damages Velasquez painting Rokeby Venus
• Red and Blue Chair (1918) by Gerrit Rietveld
• Beat the white with the Red wedge (1919) by El Lissitzky
• Alma Mahler (1919) - Hermine Moos

Music

• "The Art of Noises" (1913) by Luigi Russolo:
• "The Rite of Spring" (1913) - Igor Stravinsky

Architecture

• Palais Stoclet (1905 to 1911) - Josef Hoffmann

Literature

Fiction

• Les livres de l'Enfer (1913) by Guillaume Apollinaire
• Phantom of the opera (1910) by Gaston Leroux
• "The Metamorphosis" (1915) - Franz Kafka
• D. H. Lawrence publishes Sons and Lovers
• Of Human Bondage by Somerset Maugham is published
• Tarzan of the Apes by Edgar Rice Burroughs is published
• Zane Grey's Wild Fire is published
• Dubliners and A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man by James Joyce are published
• Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw is published
• Thomas Mann publishes Death in Venice

Non fiction

• The Art of the Moving Picture (1915) - Vachel Lindsay
• The Photoplay (1916) by Hugo Münsterberg
• A Child Is Being Beaten (1919) by Sigmund Freud

Others

• The ocean liner RMS Titanic strikes an iceberg in the North Atlantic in 1912, and sinks on its maiden voyage.
• From 1918 through 1920 the Spanish flu kills 20 to 100 million people worldwide.

Events and trends

The 1910s represent the culmination of European militarism which had its beginnings during the second half of the nineteenth Century. The conservative lifestyles during the first half of the decade, as well as the legacy of military alliances, would forever be changed by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne, on 28 June 1914. The murder would trigger a chain of events in which, within 30 days, war would break out in Europe, as well as other regions of the world. The long, wide, and protracted conflict would end in November 1918 with the controversial Treaty of Versailles. World War I —known then as the Great War— held the reputation of being the widest and most expensive conflict in history (at the time), and would leave a lasting legacy during the subsequent decades. The war would also be remembered for contributing to the collapse of aging empires and monarchies. The Habsburgs as well as Wilhelm II of Germany went into exile after 1918, while czar Nicholas II of Russia and his family would be ruthlessly executed by Russian revolutionaries.

The decade was also a period of revolution in a number of countries. Mexico spear-headed the trend in November 1910, which led to the ouster of dictator Porfirio Diaz, leading to a civil war that dragged on until circa 1919, not long after a new Mexican constitution was signed. Russia also had a similar fate, since the Great War led to collapse in morale as well as to economic chaos. This atmosphere encouraged the establishment of Bolshevism, which would be later renamed as Communism.