1913  

From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia

Revision as of 23:25, 6 September 2013

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1910 - 1911 - 1912 - 1913 - 1914 - 1915 - 1916 - 1917 - 1918 - 1919 - 1920

Art and culture

Theory

• The Serious Artist by Ezra Pound
• Futurist Manifesto of Lust by Valentine de Saint-Point
• The Art of Noises manifesto by Luigi Russolo
• Isidor Isaak Sadger coins sadomasochismus in "Über den sado-masochistischen Komplex"
• Les livres de l'Enfer by Pascal Pia, Guillaume Apollinaire, Fernand Fleuret and Louis Perceau

Music

• Igor Stravinsky's premiere of 'Le Sacre du printemps' at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées
• Intonarumori invented by Luigi Russolo
• Die glückliche Hand by Arnold Schoenberg

Literature

• Petersburg by Andrei Bely
• Villa des Roses by Willem Elsschot

Film

• The Student of Prague, German film by Stellan Rye and Paul Wegener
• The Last Days of Pompeii by Mario Caserini
• Traffic in Souls by George Loane Tucker

Art

• Krazy Kat comic
• Bicycle Wheel by Duchamp
• Unique Forms of Continuity in Space by Umberto Boccioni
• Armory Show brings modern art to the United States
• Piazza d'Italia (Autumn Melancholy) by Giorgio de Chirico
• Guitar, Newspaper, Glass and Bottle by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque

Births

• Albert Camus
• Aimé Césaire
• Piero Fornasetti
• Roger Caillois
• Hedy Lamarr
• Helen Levitt (d. 2009)
• Norman O. Brown (d. 2002)
• James Broughton (d. 1999)

Deaths

• Jose Guadalupe Posada
• Ferdinand de Saussure (the linguistic sign is arbitrary)

Births

January–February

• January 1 – Shek Kin, Hong Kong veteran actor (d. 2009)
• January 2 – Anna Lee, English actress (d. 2004)
• January 6
  • Edward Gierek, Polish politician (d. 2001)
  • Loretta Young, American actress (d. 2000)
• January 9 – Richard M. Nixon, 37th President of the United States (d. 1994)
• January 10 – Gustáv Husák, Slovak politician (d. 1991)
• January 15
  • Eugène Brands, Dutch painter (d. 2002)
  • Lloyd Bridges, American actor (d. 1998)
  • Alexander Marinesko, captain of the S-13 submarine which sank the German ship Wilhelm Gustloff with 10,000 casualties (d. 1963)
• January 18
  • Danny Kaye, American actor (d. 1987)
  • George Unwin, British fighter ace of WWII (d. 2006)
• January 22
  • William Conway, Irish cardinal (d. 1977)
  • Carl F. H. Henry, American theologian and publisher (d. 2003)
  • Henry Bauchau, Belgian novelist, poet, and psychoanalyst (d. 2012)
• January 23
  • Jean-Michel Atlan, French painter (d. 1960)
  • Wally Parks, founder of the NHRA (d. 2007)
• January 25
  • Witold Lutosławski, Polish composer (d. 1994)
  • Huang Hua, Foreign Minister of China (d. 2010)
• January 29 – Peter von Zahn, German journalist and writer (d. 2001)
• February 2 – Poul Reichhardt, Danish actor (d. 1985)
• February 4 – Rosa Parks, American civil rights activist (d. 2005)
• February 6 – Mary Leakey, British anthropologist (d. 1996)
• February 10
  • Douglas Slocombe, British cinematographer
  • Bill White, Australian rugby union player (d. 1969)
• February 13
  • George Barker, British poet (d. 1991)
  • Frank Tashlin, American animation director (d. 1972)
• February 14
  • Mel Allen, American sports reporter (d. 1996)
  • Jimmy Hoffa, American labor leader (disappeared 1975)
  • Woody Hayes, American college football coach (d. 1987)
• February 20 – Tommy Henrich, American baseball player (d. 2009)
• February 25
  • Jim Backus, American actor (d. 1989)
  • Gert Fröbe, German actor (Goldfinger) (d. 1988)
• February 27
  • T. B. Ilangaratne, Sri Lankan author, dramatist, actor and politician (d. 1992)
  • Paul Ricoeur, French philosopher (d. 2005)
  • Irwin Shaw, American writer (d. 1984)
  • Kazimierz Sabbat, leader of Polish government-in-exile (d. 1989)

March–April

• March 1 – R. S. R. Fitter, British writer (d. 2005)
• March 2 – Godfried Bomans, Dutch writer (d. 1971)
• March 3 – Carl-Henning Pedersen, Danish painter (d. 2007)
• March 4 – John Garfield, American actor (d. 1952)
• March 13
  • William Casey, American Central Intelligence Agency director (d. 1987)
  • Smoky Dawson, Australian singer (d. 2008)
  • Sergey Mikhalkov, Russian writer and lyricist (d. 2009)
• March 18
  • René Clément, French film director (d. 1996)
  • Werner Moelders, German fighter pilot (d. 1941)
• March 21 – George Abecassis, English race car driver (d. 1991)
• March 26
  • Paul Erdős, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1996)
  • Jacqueline de Romilly, French philologist (d. 2010)
• March 29 – R. S. Thomas, Welsh poet (d. 2000)
• March 30
  • Richard Helms, American Central Intelligence Agency director (d. 2002)
  • Frankie Laine, American singer (d. 2007)
  • Ċensu Tabone, Maltese politician (d. 2012)
• March 31 – Etta Baker, American musician (d. 2006)
• April 3 – Per Borten, Premier of Norway (d. 2005)
• April 4 – Frances Langford, American singer and actress (d. 2005)
• April 7 – Charles Vanik, American politician (d. 2007)
• April 8
  • Benedict J. Semmes, Jr., American admiral (d. 1994)
  • Carlton Skinner, Governor of Guam (d. 2004)
• April 11 – Oleg Cassini, American fashion designer (d. 2006)
• April 14 – Jean Fournet, French conductor (d. 2008)
• April 16 – Les Tremayne, British-born American actor (d. 2003)
• April 21 – Doctor Richard Beeching, Chairman of British Rail (d. 1985)
• April 27 – Philip Hauge Abelson, American physicist, writer, and editor (d. 2004)

May–June

• May 1
  • Louis Nye, American comedian and actor (d. 2005)
  • Walter Susskind, Czech conductor (d. 1980)
• May 4 – Hisaya Morishige, Japanese actor (d. 2009)
• May 5 – Tyrone Power, American actor (d. 1958)
• May 8
  • Saima Harmaja, Finnish poet (d. 1937)
  • Bob Clampett, American "Looney Tunes" director (d. 1984)
• May 11 – Robert Jungk, Austrian journalist (d. 1994)
• May 13 – William R. Tolbert, Jr., President of Liberia (d. 1980)
• May 16 – Woody Herman, American musician and band leader (d. 1987)
• May 20
  • Teodoro Fernández, Peruvian football player (soccer) (d.1996)
  • William Hewlett, American businessman (d. 2001)
• May 24 – Peter Ellenshaw, American matte designer (d. 2007)
• May 26 – Peter Cushing, English actor (d. 1994)
  • Pierre Daninos, French writer and humorist (d. 2005)
  • Josef Manger, German weightlifter (d. 1991)
• May 29 – Tony Zale, American boxer (d. 1997)
• June 6 – Carlo L. Golino, American scholar (d. 1991)
• June 10 – Benjamin Shapira, a German-born Israeli biochemist and recipient of the Israel Prize (d. 1993)
• June 11
  • Vince Lombardi, American football coach (d. 1970)
  • Risë Stevens, American mezzosoprano (d. 2013)
• June 18
  • Robert Mondavi, American winemaker (d. 2008)
  • Sylvia Field Porter, American economist and journalist (d. 1991)
• June 25 – Cyril Fletcher, British comedian (d. 2005)
• June 26
  • Aimé Césaire, French Martinican poet and politician (d. 2008)
  • Maurice Wilkes, British computer scientist (d. 2010)
• June 27 – Richard Pike Bissell, author of short stories and novels (d. 1977)
• June 28 – Franz Antel, Austrian filmmaker (d. 2007)
• June 30 – Alfonso López Michelsen, President of Colombia (d. 2007)

July–August

• July 3 – Dorothy Kilgallen, American newspaper columnist (d. 1965)
• July 7 – Pinetop Perkins, American blues musician (d. 2011)
• July 10 – Salvador Espriu, Catalan poet (d. 1985)
• July 12
  • Philip Mayer Kaiser, American diplomat (d. 2007)
  • Willis Lamb, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2008)
• July 13
  • Bertrand Goldberg, American architect (d. 1997)
  • Kay Linaker, American actress (d. 2008)
  • Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller, Danish shipping magnate (d. 2012)
• July 14 – Gerald Ford, 38th President of the United States (d. 2006)
• July 15 – Abraham Sutzkever, Yiddish language poet and memoirist (d. 2010)
• July 17 – Roger Garaudy, French Holocaust denier (d. 2012)
• July 18 – Red Skelton, American comedian (d. 1997)
• July 22
  • Gorni Kramer, Italian bandleader and songwriter (d. 1995)
  • Licia Albanese, Italian-born soprano
• July 23 – Michael Foot, British politician (d. 2010)
• July 24 – Robert Emhardt, American actor (d. 1994)
• July 29 – Erich Priebke, German war criminal and leader of the 1944 Ardeatine massacre
• July 30 – Lou Darvas, American artist and cartoonist (d. 1987)
• August 8
  • John Facenda, American sports announcer (d. 1984)
  • Robert Stafford, Governor of Vermont, U.S Representative and U.S. Senator (d. 2006)
• August 10
• Noah Beery Jr., American actor (d. 1994)
• August 13
  • Fred Davis, English snooker and billiards player (d. 1998)
  • Makarios III, Archbishop and first President of Cyprus (d. 1977)
• August 16 – Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1992)
• August 17
  • W. Mark Felt, American Federal Bureau of Investigation Associate Director and Deep Throat Watergate informant (d. 2008)
  • Rudy York, American baseball player (d. 1970)
• August 19 – Richard Simmons, American actor (d. 2003)
• August 20 – Roger Wolcott Sperry, American neurobiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1994)
• August 27 – Nina Schenk von Stauffenberg, German wife of freedom fighter Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg (d. 2006)
• August 28
  • Robertson Davies, Canadian novelist (d. 1995)
  • Richard Tucker, American tenor (d. 1975)
  • Boris Pahor, Slovenian writer
• August 29
  • Jan Ekier, Polish pianist and composer
  • K. Jeyakody, Sri Lankan Tamil politician
• August 30 – Richard Stone, British economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)
• August 31
  • Helen Levitt, American photographer (d. 2009)
  • Bernard Lovell, British radio astronomer (d. 2012)

September–October

• September 1 – Ludwig Merwart, Austrian painter and graphic artist (d. 1979)
• September 2
  • Israel Gelfand, Russian mathematician (d. 2009)
  • Bill Shankly, Scottish football manager (d. 1981)
• September 4
  • Stanford Moore, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1982)
  • Boone Guyton, American test pilot (d. 1996)
  • Kenzo Tange, Japanese architect (d. 2005)
• September 10 – Lincoln Gordon, American diplomat (d. 2009)
• September 11
  • Paul "Bear" Bryant, American football coach (d. 1983)
  • Eugenia Rawls, American actress (d. 2000)
• September 12
  • Jesse Owens, American athlete (d. 1980)
  • Eiji Toyoda, Japanese industrialist
• September 13 – Roy Engel, American actor (d. 1980)
• September 14
  • Jacobo Arbenz, President of Guatemala (d. 1971)
  • Annalisa Ericson, Swedish actress (d. 2011)
• September 15 – John N. Mitchell, United States Attorney General and convicted Watergate criminal (d. 1988)
• September 19 – Frances Farmer, American actress (d. 1970)
• September 22 – Lillian Chestney, American painter (d. 2000)
• September 23 – Carl-Henning Pedersen, Danish artist, member of the CoBrA movement (d. 2007)
• September 24
  • Wilson Rawls, American author (d. 1984)
  • Herb Jeffries, American jazz singer
• September 25 – Terence Patrick O'Sullivan, engineer (d. 1970)
• September 28 – Warja Honegger-Lavater, Swiss artist and illustrator (d. 2007)
• September 29
  • Trevor Howard, English actor (d. 1988)
  • Stanley Kramer, American film producer, director, and writer (d. 2001)
  • Silvio Piola, Italian footballer (d. 1996)
• September 30 – Bill Walsh, American movie producer and writer (d. 1975)
• October 10
  • Claude Simon, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
  • Alice Chetwynd Ley, British romance writer (d. 2004)
• October 11 – Joe Simon, American comic book artist and writer (d. 2011)
• October 18 – Evelyn Venable, American actress (d. 1993)
• October 20 – Barney Phillips, American actor (d. 1982)
• October 22
  • Robert Capa, Hungarian-born photojournalist (d. 1954)
  • Tamara Desni, German-born British actress (d. 2008)
• October 27 – Joe Medicine Crow, American tribal historian and anthropologist

November–December

• November 2 – Burt Lancaster, American actor (Elmer Gantry) (d. 1994)
• November 5 – Vivien Leigh, British actress (Gone With The Wind) (d. 1967)
• November 7
  • Albert Camus, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1960)
  • Elizabeth Bradford Holbrook, Canadian sculptor (d. 2009)
• November 10 – Álvaro Cunhal, Portuguese politician (d. 2005)
• November 13 – Alexander Scourby, American actor (d. 1985)
• November 15 – Arthur Haulot, Belgian journalist (d. 2005)
• November 18 – Endre Rozsda, Hungarian-French painter (d. 1999)
• November 21
  • John Boulting, English film director (d. 1985)
  • Roy Boulting, English film director and producer (d. 2001)
• November 22
  • Benjamin Britten, English composer (d. 1976)
  • Cecilia Muñoz-Palma, first female Philippine Supreme Court Justice (d. 2006)
• November 23 – Virginia Prince, American transgender activist (d. 2009)
• November 25 – Lewis Thomas, American physician and essayist (d. 1993)
• December 6
  • Nikolai Amosov, Ukrainian heart surgeon, inventor, best-selling author, and exercise enthusiast (d. 2002)
  • Eleanor Holm, American swimmer (d. 2004)
• December 8 – Delmore Schwartz, American poet (d. 1966)
• December 10
  • Morton Gould, American composer (d. 1996)
  • Harry Locke, British character actor (d. 1987)
• December 13 – Arnold Brown, Salvation Army general (d. 2002)
• December 15 – Muriel Rukeyser, American poet (d. 1980)
• December 16 – George Ignatieff, Canadian diplomat, recipient of the 1984 Pearson Medal of Peace (d. 1989)
• December 18
  • Alfred Bester, American author (d. 1987)
  • Willy Brandt, Chancellor of Germany, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1992)
• December 21 – Arnold Friberg, American artist (d. 2010)
• December 30 – Elyne Mitchell, Australian author (d. 2002)

Date unknown

• Halil-Salim Jabara, Israeli Arab politician (d. 1999)

Deaths

January–June

• January 2 – Léon Teisserenc de Bort, French meteorologist (b. 1855)
• January 4 – Alfred von Schlieffen, German field marshal (b. 1833)
• January 16 – Thaddeus S. C. Lowe, American aeronaut, scientist, and inventor (b. 1832)
• February 2 – Gustaf de Laval, Swedish engineer and inventor (b. 1845)
• February 17 – Edward Stanley Gibbons, English philatelist and founder of Stanley Gibbons Ltd (b. 1840)
• February 22 – Francisco I. Madero, President of Mexico (b. 1873)
• February 26 – Felix Draeseke, German composer (b. 1835)
• March 10 – Harriet Tubman, American abolitionist (b. 1820)
• March 11 – John Shaw Billings, American military and medical leader (b. 1838)
• March 18 – King George I of Greece (b. 1845)
• March 22 – Sung Chiao-jen, Chinese revolutionary (b. 1882)
• March 25 – Garnet Wolseley, 1st Viscount Wolseley, British field marshal (b. 1833)
• March 31 – J. P. Morgan, American financier and banker (b. 1837)
• May 1 – John Barclay Armstrong, Texas Ranger and U.S. Marshal (b. 1850)
• May 16 – Louis Perrier, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1849)
• June 2 – Alfred Austin, English Poet Laureate (b. 1835)
• June 5 – Chris von der Ahe, German-born brewer and baseball owner
• June 8 – Emily Davison, British suffragette (b. 1872)
• June 28 – Manoel Ferraz de Campos Salles, Brazilian president (b. 1841)

July–December

• July 3 – Horatio Nelson Young, American Civil War naval hero (b. 1845)
• July 13 – Edward Burd Grubb, Jr., American Civil War Union Brevet Brigadier General (b. 1841)
• July 19 – Clímaco Calderón, President of Colombia (b. 1852)
• July 29 – Tobias Michael Carel Asser, Dutch jurist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1838)
• August 7 – Samuel Franklin Cody, American/British aviation pioneer (b. 1867)
• September 30 – Rudolf Diesel, German engine inventor (b. 1858)
• October 5 – Hans von Bartels, German painter (b. 1856)
• October 16 – Ralph Rose, American athlete (b. 1885)
• November 7 – Alfred Russel Wallace, Welsh biologist (b. 1823)
• November 22 – Tokugawa Yoshinobu, the 15th and the last shogun of the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan (b. 1837)
• December 1 – Juhan Liiv, Estonian poet and short story writer (b. 1864)
• December 7
  • Luigi Oreglia di Santo Stefano, Italian Catholic churchman and last surviving cardinal of Pius IX (b. 1828)
  • Aaron Montgomery Ward, American businessman, inventor of mail order (b. 1844)
• December 12 – Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia (b. 1844)