1918  

From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia

Revision as of 16:05, 19 December 2017

"Salut monde" by Guillaume Apollinaire

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1918 (MCMXVIII) was the 918th year of the 2nd millennium, the 18th year of the 20th century, and the 9th year of the 1910s decade.

Events

• February 6 – Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom: Representation of the People Act gives most women over 30 the vote.
• March 26 – Dr. Marie Stopes publishes her influential book Married Love in the U.K.
• July 17 – Execution of the Romanov family: By order of the Bolshevik Party and carried out by the Cheka, former emperor Nicholas II, his wife Alexandra Feodorovna, their children, Olga, Tatiana, Maria, Anastasia, and Alexei, and retainers are shot at the Ipatiev House in Ekaterinburg, Russia.
• August 30 - In response to the October Revolution in Russia, Vladimir Lenin is shot and wounded by Fanny Kaplan in Moscow, but survives.
• November 11 - End of WWI and Armistice with Germany (Compiègne): Germany signs an armistice agreement with the Allies between 5:12 AM and 5:20 AM in Marshal Foch's railroad car in Compiègne Forest in France. It becomes official on the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month.

Births

• January 20 - Juan García Esquivel, Mexican bandleader (d. 2002)
• January 26 - Philip José Farmer, American writer (d. 2009)
• February 2 – Hella Haasse, Dutch writer (d. 2011)
• February 15 – Allan Arbus, American actor (M*A*S*H) (d. 2013)
• February 16 – Patty Andrews, American singer (The Andrews Sisters) (d. 2013)
• February 26 - Theodore Sturgeon, American writer (d. 1985)
• March 9 - Mickey Spillane, American writer (d. 2006)
• March 12 – Elaine de Kooning, American artist (d. 1989)
• April 16 – Spike Milligan, Irish comedian (d. 2002)
• April 18 - Gabriel Axel, Danish film director (d. 2014)
• July 14 - Ingmar Bergman, Swedish film director (d. 2007)
• August 25 – Leonard Bernstein, American composer and conductor (d. 1990)
• October 16 – Louis Althusser, French philosopher (d. 1990)
• October 17 – Rita Hayworth, American actress (d. 1987)
• December 11 – Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Russian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2008)

Deaths

• March 25 - Claude Debussy, French composer (b. 1862)
• April 18 – Otto Wagner, Austro-Hungarian architect and urban planner (b. 1841)
• June 27 – Joséphin Péladan, French occultist (b. 1858)
• September 28 - Georg Simmel, German sociologist and philosopher (b. 1858)
• October 31 - Egon Schiele, Austrian artist (b. 1890)
• November 9 - Guillaume Apollinaire, French poet (b. 1880)

Art and culture

• Jean Cocteau meets Raymond Radiguet
• End of World War I
• Start of Weimar Republic

Literature

• Twenty-Five Poems by Tzara
• Calligrammes by Guillaume Apollinaire
• "What is Dadaism and what does it want in Germany?"

Visual arts

• First version of L.H.O.O.Q.
• Red and Blue Chair (1918) - Gerrit Rietveld
• Suprematist Composition: White on White[1] (1918) by Malevich.

Births

• André Bazin (1918 - 1958)
• Robert Aldrich (1918 - 1983)
• Richard Hoggart (1918 - 2004)
• James Kirkup (1918 – 2009) , a prolific English poet, translator and travel writer