From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia

Revision as of 08:34, 17 October 2021 Jahsonic (Talk | contribs) ← Previous diff		Current revision Jahsonic (Talk | contribs)
Line 1:		Line 1:
-	{{Template}}	+	#REDIRECT [[Linguistic purism in English]]
-	'''Constrained writing''' is a [[literary technique]] in which the writer is bound by some condition that forbids certain things or imposes a pattern.	+
-	Constraints are very common in [[poetry]], which often requires the writer to use a particular verse form.	+	{{Rcat shell|{{R from move}}{{R avoided double redirect|Anglo-Saxon linguistic purism}}}}
-		+
-	The most common constrained forms of writing are strict restrictions in [[vocabulary]], e.g. [[Basic English]], [[E-Prime|copula-free text]], [[defining vocabulary]] for dictionaries, and other limited vocabularies for teaching [[English as an additional language|English as a Second Language]] or to children. This is not generally what is meant by “constrained writing” in the literary sense, which is motivated by more [[aesthetics|aesthetic]] concerns. For example:	+
-		+
-	* [[Lipogram]]: a letter (commonly e or o) is outlawed.	+
-	* [[Palindrome]]s, such as the word “[[radar]]”, read the same forwards and backwards.	+
-	* [[Pilish]], where the lengths of consecutive words match the digits of the number π.	+
-	* [[alliteration|Alliterative]]s, in which every word must start with the same letter (or subset of letters; see ''[[Alphabetical Africa]]'').	+
-	* [[Acrostic]]s: first letter of each word/sentence/paragraph forms a word or sentence.	+
-	* [[Reverse-lipogram]]s: each word must contain a particular letter.	+
-	* [[Twiction]]: espoused as a specifically constrained form of [[microfiction]] where a story or poem is exactly one hundred and forty characters long.	+
-	* [[Anglish]], favouring Anglo-Saxon words over Greek and Roman words.	+
-	* [[Anagram]]s, words or sentences formed by rearranging the letters of another.	+
-	* [[Aleatory]], where the reader supplies a random input.	+
-	* [[Chaterism]] Where the length of words in a phrase or sentence increase or decrease in a uniform, mathematical way as in "I am the best Greek bowler running", or "hindering whatever tactics appear".	+
-	* [[Univocalic|Univocalic poetry]], using only one vowel.	+
-	* [[Bilingual homophonous poetry]], where the poem makes sense in two different languages at the same time, thus constituting two simultaneous homophonous poems.	+
-	* [[One syllable article]], a form unique to [[Chinese literature]], using many characters all of which are [[homophone]]s; the result looks sensible as writing but is incomprehensible when read aloud.	+
-	* Limitations in punctuation, such as [[Peter Carey (novelist)|Peter Carey]]'s book ''[[True History of the Kelly Gang]]'', which features no [[comma]]s.	+
-	* Mandated vocabulary, where the writer must include specific words, chosen a priori, along with the writer's own freely chosen words (for example, [[Quadrivial Quandary]], a website that solicits individual sentences containing all four words in a daily selection).	+
-		+
-	The [[Oulipo]] group is a gathering of writers who use such techniques. The [[Outrapo]] group uses [[theatrical constraints]].	+
-		+
-	== Examples ==	+
-		+
-	* ''[[Gadsby (novel)|Gadsby]]'' is an English-language novel consisting of 50,100 words, none of which contain the letter “e”.	+
-	* In 1969, French writer [[Georges Perec]] published ''[[La Disparition]]'', a [[novel]] that did not include the letter “e”. It was translated into English in 1995 by [[Gilbert Adair]] as ''[[A Void]]''. Perec subsequently joked that he incorporated the “e”s not used in ''La Disparition'' in the novella ''[[Les Revenentes]]'' (1972), which uses no vowels other than “e”. ''Les Revenentes'' was translated into English by [[Ian Monk]] as ''The Exeter Text: Jewels, Secrets, Sex''.	+
-	* The 2004 French novel ''[[Le Train de Nulle Part]]'' (''The Train from Nowhere'') by [[Michel Thaler]] was written entirely without [[verb]]s.	+
-	* Experimental Canadian poet [[Christian Bök]]’s ''[[Eunoia (book)|Eunoia]]'' is a [[univocalic]] that uses only one vowel in each of its five chapters.	+
-	* One famous constrained writing in the [[Chinese language]] is ''The [[Lion-Eating Poet in the Stone Den]]'' which consists of 92 characters, all with the sound ''shi''. Another is the ''[[Thousand Character Classic]]'' in which all 1000 characters are unique without any repetition.	+
-	* “[[Cadaeic Cadenza]]” is a short story by [[Mike Keith (mathematician)|Mike Keith]] using the first 3835 digits of [[pi]] to determine the length of words. ''Not A Wake'' is a book using the same constraint based on the first 10,000 digits.	+
-	* ''[[Never Again (novel)|Never Again]]'' is a novel by [[Doug Nufer]] in which no word is used more than once.	+
-	* ''[[Ella Minnow Pea]]'' is a book by [[Mark Dunn]] where certain letters become unusable throughout the novel.	+
-	* The last chapter of ''[[Ulysses (novel)|Ulysses]]'' by [[James Joyce]] contains no punctuation at all	+
-	* ''[[Alphabetical Africa]]'' is a book by [[Walter Abish]] in which the first chapter only uses words that begin with the letter "a", while the second chapter incorporates the letter "b", and then "c", etc. Once the alphabet is finished, Abish takes letters away, one at a time, until the last chapter, leaving only words that begin with the letter "a".	+
-	* [[Lucy Aikin|Mary Godolphin]] produced versions of ''Robinson Crusoe'' "in Words of One Syllable".	+
-	* [[Dr. Seuss|Theodor Geisel]], also known as Dr. Seuss, wrote the well-known children's book ''[[Green Eggs and Ham]]'' using only 50 different words on a 50 dollar bet with [[Bennet Cerf]].	+
-	* ''[[The Gates of Paradise]]'' is a book by [[Jerzy Andrzejewski]] where the whole text is just two sentences, one of which is very long.	+
-	* ''[[Zero degree|Zero Degree]]'' is a postmodern novel written in 1998 by Tamil author Charu Nivedita, later translated into Malayalam and English. Keeping with the numerological theme of Zero Degree, the only numbers expressed in either words or symbols are numerologically equivalent to nine (with the exception of two chapters). This Oulipian ban includes the very common word one. Many sections of the book are written entirely without punctuation, or using only periods.	+
-		+
-	== See also ==	+
-	* [[Storytelling game]]	+
-	* [[Letter game]]	+
-	* [[Talecraft]], story-telling card game	+
-		+
-	{{GFDL}}	+

---

Current revision

1. REDIRECT Linguistic purism in English

Template:Rcat shell