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== Art and culture == == Art and culture ==
-* [[529]] - First draft of [[Corpus Juris Civilis]] (a fundamental work in [[jurisprudence]]) is issued by [[Eastern Roman Emperor]] [[Justinian I]].+*[[1795]] - [[France]] adopts the [[metre]] as the basic measure of length.
-*[[1348]] - [[University of Prague|Charles University]] is founded in [[Prague]]. +
-*[[1521]] - [[Ferdinand Magellan]] arrives at [[Cebu Island|Cebu]].+
-*[[1541]] - [[Francis Xavier]] leaves [[Lisbon]] on a mission to the [[Portugal|Portuguese]] [[East Indies]].+
-*[[1712]] - A slave rebellion breaks out in [[New York City]].+
-*[[1795]] - [[France]] adopts the [[metre]] as the basic measure of length. +
-*[[1798]] - The [[Mississippi Territory]] is organized from territory ceded by [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] and [[South Carolina]] and is later twice expanded to include disputed territory claimed by both the [[U.S.]] and [[Spain]].+
-*[[1805]] - [[Lewis and Clark Expedition]]: The [[Corps of Discovery]] breaks camp among the [[Mandan]] tribe and resumes its journey [[West]] along the [[Missouri River]].+
-* 1805 - First public performance of [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven's]] [[Symphony No. 3 (Beethoven)|Third Symphony]] (''Eroica'').+
-*[[1827]] - [[John Walker (inventor)|John Walker]], an [[English people|English]] [[pharmacist|chemist]], sells the first [[friction match]]. He had invented it in the previous year.+
-*[[1829]] - [[Joseph Smith, Jr.]], founder of [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]], commences translation of the [[Book of Mormon]], with [[Oliver Cowdery]] as his scribe.+
-*[[1856]] - Foundation of [[Nelson College]], [[Nelson, New Zealand]]. +
-*[[1862]] - [[American Civil War]]: [[Battle of Shiloh]] ends - [[Union Army]] under [[General]] [[Ulysses S. Grant]] defeat the [[Confederate States of America|Confederates]] near [[Shiloh National Military Park|Shiloh, Tennessee]].+
-*[[1868]] - [[D'Arcy McGee|Thomas D'Arcy McGee]], one of the [[Canadian Fathers Of Confederation]] is assassinated by the Irish, in one of the few Canadian political assassinations, the only one at the federal level.+
-*[[1867]] - [[Johnson C. Smith University]] is established.+
-*[[1890]] - Completion of the first [[Lake Biwa Canal]].+
-*[[1906]] - [[Mount Vesuvius]] erupts and devastates [[Naples]].+
-* 1906 - The [[Algeciras Conference]] gives [[France]] and [[Spain]] control over [[Morocco]].+
-*[[1908]] - [[H. H. Asquith]] of the [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal Party]] takes office as [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]], from Sir [[Henry Campbell-Bannerman]] +
-*[[1922]] - [[Teapot Dome scandal]]: [[United States Secretary of the Interior]] leases [[Teapot Dome]] [[petroleum]] reserves in [[Wyoming]]. +
-*[[1927]] - First distance [[public television]] broadcast (from [[Washington, DC]] to [[New York City]], displaying the image of [[Commerce Secretary]] [[Herbert Hoover]]). +
-*[[1933]] - [[Prohibition]] was repealed for [[beer]] of no more than 3.2% [[alcohol]] by [[weight]], eight months before the ratification of [[Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution|XXI amendment]].+
-*[[1939]] - [[World War II]]: [[Italy]] invades [[Albania]]. +
-*[[1940]] - [[Booker T. Washington]] becomes the first [[African American]] to be depicted on a [[United States]] [[postage stamp]]. +
-*[[1943]] - [[Holocaust]]: In [[Terebovlia, Ukraine]], [[Germans]] order 1,100 [[Jews]] to undress to their [[underwear]] and march through the city of [[Terebovlia]] to the nearby village of [[Plebanivka]]. They were then shot dead and buried in ditches.+
-*[[1945]] - [[World War II]]: The [[Japanese battleship Yamato|Japanese battleship ''Yamato'']], the largest battleship ever constructed, is sunk 200 miles north of [[Okinawa]] while en-route on a [[suicide mission]] in [[Operation Ten-Go]].+
-* 1945 - [[Kantaro Suzuki]] becomes the [[List of Prime Ministers of Japan|42nd]] [[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]] of [[Japan]].+
-* 1945 - [[World War II]]: [[Visoko]] was liberated by the 7th, 9th and 17th Krajina brigades from the Tenth division of [[Yugoslav Partisan]] forces.+
-*[[1946]] - [[Syria]]'s independence from [[France]] is officially recognised.+
-*[[1948]] - The [[World Health Organization]] is established by the [[United Nations]].+
-* 1948 - [[Buddhist]] monastery burns in [[Shanghai]], [[China]], leaving twenty monks dead.+
-*[[1954]] - [[U.S. President]] [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] gives his "[[domino theory]]" speech during a news conference. +
-*[[1955]] - [[Anthony Eden]] of the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]], becomes [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]].+
-*[[1956]] - [[Spain]] relinquishes its [[protectorate]] in [[Morocco]]. +
-*[[1963]] - [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]] is proclaimed to be a [[Socialist republic]] and [[Josip Broz Tito]] is named [[President for life]]. +
-*[[1964]] - [[International Business Machines|IBM]] announces the [[System/360]]. +
-*[[1969]] - The [[Internet]]'s symbolic birth date: publication of [[Request for Comments|RFC]] 1.+
-*[[1971]] - [[U.S. President]] [[Richard Milhous Nixon]] announces his decision to increase the rate of American troop withdrawals from [[Vietnam]].+
-*[[1976]] - Former British Cabinet Minister [[John Stonehouse]] resigns from the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]], leaving Prime Minister [[James Callaghan]] in power.+
-*[[1977]] - [[Germany|German]] [[Federal prosecutor|Federal Prosecutor]] [[Siegfried Buback]] and his driver are shot by two [[Red Army Faction]] members while waiting at a red light.+
-*[[1978]] - Development of the [[neutron bomb]] is canceled by [[U.S. President]] [[Jimmy Carter]].+
-*[[1980]] - The [[United States]] severs diplomatic relations with [[Iran]] and imposes economic sanctions following the taking of [[United States|American]] hostages on [[November 4]], [[1979]]. +
-*[[1983]] - During [[STS-6]], astronauts [[Story Musgrave]] and [[Donald H. Peterson|Don Peterson]] perform the first [[space shuttle]] spacewalk. +
-*[[1985]] - Soviet leader [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] declares a moratorium on the deployment of middle-range missiles in [[Europe]].+
-*[[1989]] - [[Soviet submarine Komsomolets]] sinks in the [[Barents Sea]] off the coast of [[Norway]] killing 42 sailors. +
-*[[1990]] - [[Iran Contra Affair]]: [[John Poindexter]] is found guilty of five charges for his part in the scandal (the conviction was reversed on appeal).+
-*[[1992]] - [[Republika Srpska]] announces its independence.+
-*[[1994]] - Massacres of [[Tutsis]] begin in [[Kigali]], [[Rwanda]]. +
-*[[1999]] - The [[World Trade Organisation]] (WTO) rules in favor of the [[United States]] in its long-running trade dispute with the [[European Union]] over bananas. +
-*[[2001]] - [[Mars Odyssey]] is launched.+
-*[[2003]] - [[U.S.]] troops capture [[Baghdad]]; [[Saddam Hussein]]'s regime falls two days later.+
==Births== ==Births==

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William Wordsworth Charles Fourier Zéro de conduite Victor Brauner Billie Holiday Violette Leduc Theda Bara P. T. Barnum El Greco August Daniel Emilfork Madeleine Laure Donald Barthelme Henry Ford Francis Ford Coppola Bronisław Malinowski Jim Thompson Axel Bauer Talk:18th century in literature Alan J. Pakula 7 April (redirect page) History of modern literature William Godwin Ian Richardson

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