Artes mechanicae
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| + | "In his dialogue titled ''[[Protagoras (dialogue)|Protagoras]]'', [[Plato]] asserts that the gods [[created humans]] and all the other animals, but it was left to [[Prometheus]] and his brother [[Epimetheus (mythology)|Epimetheus]] to give defining [[attribute]]s to each. As no physical traits were left when the pair came to humans, Prometheus decided to give them [[fire]] and other [[Artes Mechanicae|civilizing arts]]." --Sholem Stein | ||
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| - | St. [[Bonaventure]]’s “[[Retracing the Arts to Theology]]” discusses the skills of the artisan as gifts given by God for the purpose of disclosing God to mankind via four “lights”: the light of skill in mechanical arts which discloses the world of artifacts, as guided by the light of sense perception which discloses the world of natural forms, as guided by the light of philosophy which discloses the world of intellectual truth, as guided by the light of divine wisdom which discloses the world of saving truth. | + | The '''Artes Mechanicae''' (mechanical arts) are a medieval concept juxtaposed to the seven [[Artes liberales]]. Already [[Johannes Scotus Eriugena]] (9th century) divides them somewhat arbitrarily into seven parts: |
| + | *''vestiaria'' ([[tailor]]ing, [[weaving]]) | ||
| + | *''agricultura'' ([[agriculture]]) | ||
| + | *''architectura'' ([[architecture]], [[masonry]]) | ||
| + | *''militia'' and ''venatoria'' ([[war]]fare and [[hunting]], "[[martial arts]]") | ||
| + | *''mercatura'' ([[trade]], [[commerce]]) | ||
| + | *''coquinaria'' ([[cooking]]) | ||
| + | *''metallaria'' ([[blacksmithing]], [[metallurgy]]) | ||
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| + | [[Hugh of St Victor]] includes [[navigation]], [[medicine]] and [[theatre|theatrical arts]] instead of commerce, agriculture and cooking. | ||
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| + | The classification of the Artes Mechanicae as applied [[geometry]] was introduced to Western Europe by [[Dominicus Gundissalinus]] under the influence of his readings in Arabic scholarship. | ||
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| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| - | *[[Artes Mechanicae]] | + | *[[Artes liberales]] |
| - | *[[Theological aesthetics]] | + | *[[The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction]] |
| + | *[[Medieval technology]] | ||
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| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Revision as of 17:18, 12 November 2017
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"In his dialogue titled Protagoras, Plato asserts that the gods created humans and all the other animals, but it was left to Prometheus and his brother Epimetheus to give defining attributes to each. As no physical traits were left when the pair came to humans, Prometheus decided to give them fire and other civilizing arts." --Sholem Stein |
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The Artes Mechanicae (mechanical arts) are a medieval concept juxtaposed to the seven Artes liberales. Already Johannes Scotus Eriugena (9th century) divides them somewhat arbitrarily into seven parts:
- vestiaria (tailoring, weaving)
- agricultura (agriculture)
- architectura (architecture, masonry)
- militia and venatoria (warfare and hunting, "martial arts")
- mercatura (trade, commerce)
- coquinaria (cooking)
- metallaria (blacksmithing, metallurgy)
Hugh of St Victor includes navigation, medicine and theatrical arts instead of commerce, agriculture and cooking.
The classification of the Artes Mechanicae as applied geometry was introduced to Western Europe by Dominicus Gundissalinus under the influence of his readings in Arabic scholarship.
See also
