Ascension (John Coltrane album)  

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-:''[[Gibraltar]] by Freddie Hubbard'' +:''[[free jazz]]''
-'''Frederick Dewayne Hubbard''' (born [[April 7]], [[1938]] in [[Indianapolis]], [[Indiana]], died [[December 29]], [[2008]]) was an [[United States|American]] [[jazz]] [[trumpeter]]. He was known primarily for playing in the [[bebop]], [[hard bop]] and [[post bop]] styles from the early [[60s]] up until today. Hubbard achieved his greatest popular success in the 1970s with a series of albums for [[smooth jazz]] record label [[CTI Records]]. Although his early 1970s jazz albums ''[[Red Clay]]'', ''[[First Light]]'', ''[[Straight Life]]'', and ''[[Sky Dive]]'' were particularly well received and considered among his best work, the albums he recorded later in the decade were bashed by critics for their [[commercialism]]. Though Hubbard never fully embraced the [[free jazz]] of the '60s, he appeared on several landmark albums in the genre: [[Ornette Coleman]]'s ''[[Free Jazz]]'', [[Eric Dolphy]]'s ''[[Out to Lunch (album)|Out to Lunch]]'', and [[John Coltrane]]'s ''[[Ascension (album)|Ascension]]''.+ 
 +'''Ascension''' is a [[jazz]] album by [[John Coltrane]], recorded and released in 1965. It is often considered to be a watershed album, with the albums released before it being more conventional in structure and the albums released after it being looser, [[free jazz]] inspired works. In addition, it signaled Coltrane's interest in moving away from the quartet format. Coltrane described ''Ascension'' in a radio interview as a "[[big band]] thing", although it resembles no big band recording made before it. The most obvious antecedent is [[Ornette Coleman]]'s octet ("double quartet") recording, ''[[Free Jazz: A Collective Improvisation]]'', which, like ''Ascension'', is a continuous forty-minute performance with ensemble passages and without breaks. But Coltrane's eleven-piece group is much more integrated, moored to a monolithic rhythm section (centered on drummer [[Elvin Jones]]—second drummer [[Rashied Ali]] abruptly dropped out of the session shortly before the recording was to take place) rather than Coleman's duelling, more or less independent quartets.
 + 
 +On ''Ascension'' (and unlike on ''Free Jazz''), group ensembles alternate with solos, and take up about equal space. Coltrane gave the musicians no directions for their solos, besides that they were to end with a crescendo. The ensemble passages are more structured. There were chords, but apparently they were optional; it is more accurate to say that the ensembles consist of a progression of modes rather than chords, with mode changes signalled by Coltrane, pianist [[McCoy Tyner]], and trumpeter [[Freddie Hubbard]].
 + 
 +By comparison to ''Free Jazz'', ''Ascension'' features a much expanded "front line", with two altos, three tenors, and two trumpeters. The horn section consisted mostly of younger players, most of whom would soon attain some degree of fame on the (free) jazz scene. A notable exception is trumpeter [[Dewey Johnson (trumpeter)|Dewey Johnson]], who plays the first solo of the album after Coltrane. Plagued by mental illness, Johnson never made another professional recording, eventually disappearing in [[New York City]] in the 1980s. Because of Johnson's obscurity, and his prominent place on the album, his solo is sometimes mistaken for Hubbard's.
 + 
 +Two takes of the piece were recorded. The second take was issued first, then withdrawn at Coltrane's insistence; this came to be called "Ascension, Edition I" (although nowhere on the LP was it identified as such). It was eventually replaced with the first take, similar except with a different solo order and no drum solo by Jones. This is "Edition II", and an etching in the [[outgroove]] of the vinyl LP identified it as such.
 + 
 +Jazz musician [[Dave Liebman]], commenting on ''Ascension'', recalled that the album was the "torch that lit the free jazz thing".{{Citequote}}
 + 
 +Both takes are available on the CD reissue.
 + 
 +==Track listing==
 +#Ascension – Edition II – 40:23
 +#Ascension – Edition I – 38:31
 + 
 +== Order of solos ==
 +'''Edition II'''<br />
 +#(opening ensemble)
 +#Coltrane solo
 +#Johnson solo
 +#Sanders solo
 +#Hubbard solo
 +#Tchicai solo
 +#Shepp solo
 +#Brown solo
 +#Tyner solo
 +#Davis, Garrison duet
 +#(concluding ensemble)
 + 
 +'''Edition I'''<br />
 +#(opening ensemble)
 +#Coltrane solo
 +#Johnson solo
 +#Sanders solo
 +#Hubbard solo
 +#Shepp solo
 +#Tchicai solo
 +#Brown solo
 +#Tyner solo
 +#Davis, Garrison duet
 +#Jones solo
 +#(concluding ensemble)
 + 
 +== Personnel ==
 + 
 +*John Coltrane - [[tenor saxophone]]
 +*[[Pharoah Sanders]] - [[tenor saxophone]]
 +*[[Archie Shepp]] - [[tenor saxophone]]
 +*[[Freddie Hubbard]] - [[trumpet]]
 +*[[Dewey Johnson (trumpeter)|Dewey Johnson]] - [[trumpet]]
 +*[[Marion Brown]] - [[alto saxophone]]
 +*[[John Tchicai]] - [[alto saxophone]]
 +*[[McCoy Tyner]] - [[piano]]
 +*[[Art Davis]] - [[upright bass]]
 +*[[Jimmy Garrison]] - [[upright bass]]
 +*[[Elvin Jones]] - [[Drum kit|drums]]
 + 
{{GFDL}} {{GFDL}}

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Ascension is a jazz album by John Coltrane, recorded and released in 1965. It is often considered to be a watershed album, with the albums released before it being more conventional in structure and the albums released after it being looser, free jazz inspired works. In addition, it signaled Coltrane's interest in moving away from the quartet format. Coltrane described Ascension in a radio interview as a "big band thing", although it resembles no big band recording made before it. The most obvious antecedent is Ornette Coleman's octet ("double quartet") recording, Free Jazz: A Collective Improvisation, which, like Ascension, is a continuous forty-minute performance with ensemble passages and without breaks. But Coltrane's eleven-piece group is much more integrated, moored to a monolithic rhythm section (centered on drummer Elvin Jones—second drummer Rashied Ali abruptly dropped out of the session shortly before the recording was to take place) rather than Coleman's duelling, more or less independent quartets.

On Ascension (and unlike on Free Jazz), group ensembles alternate with solos, and take up about equal space. Coltrane gave the musicians no directions for their solos, besides that they were to end with a crescendo. The ensemble passages are more structured. There were chords, but apparently they were optional; it is more accurate to say that the ensembles consist of a progression of modes rather than chords, with mode changes signalled by Coltrane, pianist McCoy Tyner, and trumpeter Freddie Hubbard.

By comparison to Free Jazz, Ascension features a much expanded "front line", with two altos, three tenors, and two trumpeters. The horn section consisted mostly of younger players, most of whom would soon attain some degree of fame on the (free) jazz scene. A notable exception is trumpeter Dewey Johnson, who plays the first solo of the album after Coltrane. Plagued by mental illness, Johnson never made another professional recording, eventually disappearing in New York City in the 1980s. Because of Johnson's obscurity, and his prominent place on the album, his solo is sometimes mistaken for Hubbard's.

Two takes of the piece were recorded. The second take was issued first, then withdrawn at Coltrane's insistence; this came to be called "Ascension, Edition I" (although nowhere on the LP was it identified as such). It was eventually replaced with the first take, similar except with a different solo order and no drum solo by Jones. This is "Edition II", and an etching in the outgroove of the vinyl LP identified it as such.

Jazz musician Dave Liebman, commenting on Ascension, recalled that the album was the "torch that lit the free jazz thing".Template:Citequote

Both takes are available on the CD reissue.

Track listing

  1. Ascension – Edition II – 40:23
  2. Ascension – Edition I – 38:31

Order of solos

Edition II

  1. (opening ensemble)
  2. Coltrane solo
  3. Johnson solo
  4. Sanders solo
  5. Hubbard solo
  6. Tchicai solo
  7. Shepp solo
  8. Brown solo
  9. Tyner solo
  10. Davis, Garrison duet
  11. (concluding ensemble)

Edition I

  1. (opening ensemble)
  2. Coltrane solo
  3. Johnson solo
  4. Sanders solo
  5. Hubbard solo
  6. Shepp solo
  7. Tchicai solo
  8. Brown solo
  9. Tyner solo
  10. Davis, Garrison duet
  11. Jones solo
  12. (concluding ensemble)

Personnel



Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Ascension (John Coltrane album)" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.

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