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-'''''Le génie du mal''''' (installed 1848) or ''The [[Genius#Philosophy|Genius]] of Evil'', known informally in English as '''''[[Lucifer]]''''' or '''''The Lucifer of Liège''''', is a religious sculpture executed in white marble by the [[Belgium|Belgian]] artist [[Guillaume Geefs]]. [[Francophone]] [[art historian]]s most often refer to the figure as an ''ange déchu'', a "[[fallen angel]]." It is located within the elaborate [[pulpit]] (French ''chaire de vérité'', "seat of truth") of [[St. Paul's Cathedral (Liège)|St. Paul's Cathedral]], [[Liège (city)|Liège]], and depicts a [[Classicism|classically]] [[Physical attractiveness|beautiful]] man in his physical prime, chained, seated, and nearly [[Depictions of nudity|nude]] but for drapery gathered over his thighs, his full length ensconced within a [[mandorla]] of [[Bat (animal)|bat]] wings. Geefs' work replaces an earlier sculpture created for the space by his younger brother [[Joseph Geefs]], which was removed from the [[cathedral]] because of its distracting allure and "unhealthy beauty."+# Any of the small, [[nocturnal]], flying [[mammal]]s of the order [[Chiroptera]], which navigate by means of [[echolocation]]. They look like a mouse with membranous wings extending from the forelimbs to the hind limbs or tail. Altogether, there are about 1,000 bat species in the world.
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-In the late 1980s, a photograph of ''Le génie du mal'' became a focal point of ''[[Le génie du mal#Himmelsweg|Himmelsweg]]'', an [[Installation art|art installation]] by the Liège-born artist [[:fr:Jacques Charlier|Jacques Charlier]] on the theme of seductive evil and the danger of obscuring the memory of [[the Holocaust]].+
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-The sculpture places Lucifer in <!--the following link to a disambiguation page is deliberate, as a full range of meaning should apply-->[[bondage (disambiguation)|bondage]], with his right ankle and left wrist chained. In 19th-century reinterpretations of [[Greek mythology|ancient Greek]] and [[Christian mythology|Christian myths]], Lucifer was often cast as a [[Prometheus|Promethean]] figure, drawing on a tradition that the fallen angel was chained in [[Hell]] just as the [[Titan (mythology)|Titan]] had been chained and [[Torture#Torture in the past|tortured]] on the rock by [[Zeus]]: "The same [[Prometheus]] who is taken as an [[Analogue (literature)|analogue]] of the [[Crucifixion of Jesus|crucified Christ]] is regarded also as a type of Lucifer," wrote [[Harold Bloom]] in remarks on [[Mary Shelley]]'s 19th-century classic ''[[Frankenstein]]'', subtitled ''The Modern Prometheus''. The literature on the connection between Lucifer and Prometheus made in 19th-century art and literature is vast. The association of Lucifer with [[Prometheus]] and other mythological figures such as [[Loki]] was a particular feature of 19th-century [[theosophy]] and the esoteric writings of [[Madame Blavatsky|H.P. Blavatsky]]+
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-==See also==+
-*[[Chain]]+
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  1. Any of the small, nocturnal, flying mammals of the order Chiroptera, which navigate by means of echolocation. They look like a mouse with membranous wings extending from the forelimbs to the hind limbs or tail. Altogether, there are about 1,000 bat species in the world.




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