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-== Visual arts ==+== Museums ==
-Belgium is well-known for its fine art and architecture. The region corresponding to today's Belgium has seen the flourishing of major artistic movements that have had tremendous influence over European art. The [[Mosan art]], the [[Early Netherlandish painting|Early Netherlandish]], the Flemish [[Renaissance]] and [[Baroque]] painting, and major examples of [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]], [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]], [[Renaissance architecture|Renaissance]] and [[Baroque architecture]], and the Renaissance [[vocal music]] of the [[Franco-Flemish School]] developed in the southern part of the Low Countries, are milestones in the history of art. Famous names in this classic tradition are [[Jan van Eyck]], [[Pieter Brueghel the Elder]], [[Peter Paul Rubens]] and [[Anthony van Dyck]]. This rich artistic production, often referred to as a whole as [[Flemish art]], gradually declined during the second half of the seventeenth century. However, in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, many original artists appeared. Belgium has produced famous [[romanticism|romantic]], [[expressionism|expressionist]] and [[surrealism|surrealist]] painters; these include [[Egide Charles Gustave Wappers|Egide Wappers]], [[James Ensor]], [[Constant Permeke]] and [[René Magritte]]. +Some of the most impressive museums in Belgium are [[The Royal Museum for Fine Arts]], in Antwerp, which has an admirable collection of works by [[Peter Paul Rubens]], the [[Groeningemuseum]] in [[Bruges]], with the [[Flemish Primitives]], and The Royal Museum of Fine Arts of Belgium in Brussels, which has a cinema, a concert hall, and artworks of many periods, including a large [[René Magritte]] collection.
 + 
 +Furthermore, the [[Plantin-Moretus Museum]] in Antwerp, a [[world heritage]] site, is the complete factory of the largest publishing house of the seventeenth century.
 + 
 +== Gothic and Renaissance visual arts ==
 + 
 +Belgium is well-known for its fine art and architecture. The region corresponding to today's Belgium has seen the flourishing of major artistic movements that have had tremendous influence over European art. The [[Mosan art]], the [[Early Netherlandish painting|Early Netherlandish]], the Flemish [[Renaissance]] and [[Baroque]] painting, and major examples of [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]], [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]], [[Renaissance architecture|Renaissance]] and [[Baroque architecture]], and the Renaissance [[vocal music]] of the [[Franco-Flemish School]] developed in the southern part of the Low Countries, are milestones in the history of art. Famous names in this classic tradition are [[Jan van Eyck]], [[Pieter Brueghel the Elder]], [[Peter Paul Rubens]] and [[Anthony van Dyck]]. This rich artistic production, often referred to as a whole as [[Flemish art]], gradually declined during the second half of the seventeenth century.
 + 
 + 
 +== Modern art ==
 + 
 +In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, many original artists appeared.
 +Belgium has produced famous [[romanticism|romantic]], [[expressionism|expressionist]] and [[surrealism|surrealist]] painters; these include [[Egide Charles Gustave Wappers|Egide Wappers]], [[James Ensor]], [[Constant Permeke]] and [[René Magritte]].
== music == == music ==
In [[music of Belgium |music]], [[Adolphe Sax]] invented the [[saxophone]] in 1846. The first Belgian singer to successfully pursue an international career is the pioneer of [[varieté]] and [[pop music]] [[Bobbejaan Schoepen]]. Jazz musician [[Toots Thielemans]] is world famous, so is singer [[Jacques Brel]]. In rock/pop music [[Front 242]] and [[dEUS]] are well known. In [[music of Belgium |music]], [[Adolphe Sax]] invented the [[saxophone]] in 1846. The first Belgian singer to successfully pursue an international career is the pioneer of [[varieté]] and [[pop music]] [[Bobbejaan Schoepen]]. Jazz musician [[Toots Thielemans]] is world famous, so is singer [[Jacques Brel]]. In rock/pop music [[Front 242]] and [[dEUS]] are well known.

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Museums

Some of the most impressive museums in Belgium are The Royal Museum for Fine Arts, in Antwerp, which has an admirable collection of works by Peter Paul Rubens, the Groeningemuseum in Bruges, with the Flemish Primitives, and The Royal Museum of Fine Arts of Belgium in Brussels, which has a cinema, a concert hall, and artworks of many periods, including a large René Magritte collection.

Furthermore, the Plantin-Moretus Museum in Antwerp, a world heritage site, is the complete factory of the largest publishing house of the seventeenth century.

Gothic and Renaissance visual arts

Belgium is well-known for its fine art and architecture. The region corresponding to today's Belgium has seen the flourishing of major artistic movements that have had tremendous influence over European art. The Mosan art, the Early Netherlandish, the Flemish Renaissance and Baroque painting, and major examples of Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque architecture, and the Renaissance vocal music of the Franco-Flemish School developed in the southern part of the Low Countries, are milestones in the history of art. Famous names in this classic tradition are Jan van Eyck, Pieter Brueghel the Elder, Peter Paul Rubens and Anthony van Dyck. This rich artistic production, often referred to as a whole as Flemish art, gradually declined during the second half of the seventeenth century.


Modern art

In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, many original artists appeared. Belgium has produced famous romantic, expressionist and surrealist painters; these include Egide Wappers, James Ensor, Constant Permeke and René Magritte.

music

In music, Adolphe Sax invented the saxophone in 1846. The first Belgian singer to successfully pursue an international career is the pioneer of varieté and pop music Bobbejaan Schoepen. Jazz musician Toots Thielemans is world famous, so is singer Jacques Brel. In rock/pop music Front 242 and dEUS are well known.

Lou Deprijck of Two Man Sound and Plastic Bertrand

Architecture

In architecture, Victor Horta and Henry van de Velde were major initiators of the Art Nouveau style.

Literature

In literature, Belgium has produced several well-known authors, such as the poets Emile Verhaeren and novelists Hendrik Conscience, Georges Simenon and Suzanne Lilar. The poet and playwright Maurice Maeterlinck won the Nobel Prize in literature in 1911.

Architecture

The best known Franco-Belgian comics are The Adventures of Tintin by Hergé but many other major authors of comics have been Belgian, including Peyo (the smurfs), André Franquin, Edgar P. Jacobs and Willy Vandersteen.

Cinema

More recently, notable Belgian cinema directors have emerged, most of them strongly influenced by French cinema. The absence of a major Belgian cinema company has forced them to emigrate or participate in low-budget productions. Belgian directors include André Delvaux, Stijn Coninx, Luc and Jean-Pierre Dardenne; actors include Jan Decleir, Marie Gillain; and films include Man Bites Dog (film) and The Alzheimer Affair. In the 1980s, Antwerp's Royal Academy of Fine Arts produced the important fashion trendsetters, the Antwerp Six.

Contemporary art

Belgium has a thriving contemporary art scene, with internationally renowned artists such as Jan Fabre, Wim Delvoye and the painter Luc Tuymans.

Underground music

The Glimmer Twins are Moe and Benoelie, a DJ duo originating from Ghent, Belgium. They host a residency at the Culture Club in Ghent. Their musical output can be found on Belgian label Eskimo Records. Ivan Smagghe released Death Disco on Eskimo Records.

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