Boca do Lixo
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| - | '''Pornochanchada''' is the name given to a genre of [[sexploitation|sexploitation film]]s produced in [[Brazil]] that was popular during the 1970s and early 1980s. Its name combined ''pornô'' ([[pornography|porn]]) and ''[[chanchada]]'' (light [[comedy film|comedy]]). | + | '''Boca do Lixo''' ({{IPA-pt|ˈbokɐ du ˈliʃu}}, ''Garbage Mouth'') is the popular name given to '''Santa Efigênia''' area between the streets Rua do Triunfo and Rua Vitória, in Luz neighborhood located in downtown of [[São Paulo]]. Boca was usually characterized by its [[night club]]s and [[sexual services]] establishments. The area was also home to a flourishing cinema industry known as [[Mouth of Garbage Cinema]], especially in the 1970s. It became to be known as ''[[Cracolândia]]'' ("[[Crack cocaine|Crack Land]]") in the 1990s, a surrounding identified with [[Illegal drug trade|drugs]], [[organised crime]] and violence. Today, Boca is a constantly policed area and crime rate has dramatically fallen. |
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| - | Pornochanchadas were initially produced in the downtown quarter of [[São Paulo]] that was nicknamed "[[Boca do Lixo]]" ("Garbage Mouth"). The genre was usually seen as a part of low-budget films produced there, collectively known as ''[[Mouth of Garbage Cinema|cinema da Boca]]'' ("movies of the Mouth"). Later, there were productions in [[Rio de Janeiro]] as well, creating the sub-genre ''pornochanchada [[carioca]]'', which was to find its star in Alba Valeria during early 1980s. | + | |
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| - | Pornochanchadas were generally in line with "sex comedies" produced in other countries, but also featured some Brazilian peculiarities. The prominent [[actress]]es were Helena Ramos, Matilde Mastrangi, Aldine Müller, Sandra Bréa, Nicole Puzzi, Monique Lafond, Nádia Lippi, Patrícia Scalvi, Rossana Ghessa, Zilda Mayo, Zaíra Bueno, Kate Lyra, Vanessa Alves, Meire Vieira, Adele Fátima, and Marta Anderson. After the end of the pornochanchada era, they moved to [[telenovela]]s and/or more mainstream genres of cinema. Actresses like [[Vera Fischer]] and [[Sônia Braga]] have also appeared in pornochanchadas. The most popular actors were David Cardoso (presented as the symbol of Brazilian [[machismo]], who was also a director and the owner of the production company ''Dacar'') and Nuno Leal Maia. Among the distinguished [[film director|director]]s of the genre were Ody Fraga, Tony Vieira and Jean Garret. | + | |
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| - | Despite conditions of strict censorship in Brazil in that era, the state-run film company ''Embrafilme'' was generally eager to support pornochanchadas, because they weren't critical of the government and did not depict explicit sex. Producers became increasingly dependent on pornochanchadas to compete with [[United States of America|American]] films and to guarantee immediate returns. As the genre's success grew, the term began to be indiscriminately applied to various types of films that focused on sexual relationships. Some [[Nélson Rodrigues]] adaptations were among such films. By the 1980s, with the availability of [[hardcore pornography]] through clandestine [[video cassette]]s, the genre suffered a considerable decline. | + | |
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| - | After the end of the [[Military dictatorship in Brazil|military regime]] in 1985, repressive measures on cinema and television were lifted, marking a virtual end for pornochanchada. The [[Constitution of Brazil|Brazilian Constitution]] of 1988, and the subsequent [[Fernando Collor]]’s government termination of Embrafilme in 1990, marked the end of the era of nudity and sex as a means of drawing mass audiences to Brazilian movies. It brought to a close a generation of directors, writers and actors associated since the sixties with the [[Cinema Novo]] movement, many of whom were involved at one time or another with pornochanchadas. | + | |
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| - | ==See also== | + | |
| - | *''[[Brazil: Cinema, Sex and the Generals]]'' | + | |
| - | *[[Bavarian porn]] | + | |
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Boca do Lixo (Template:IPA-pt, Garbage Mouth) is the popular name given to Santa Efigênia area between the streets Rua do Triunfo and Rua Vitória, in Luz neighborhood located in downtown of São Paulo. Boca was usually characterized by its night clubs and sexual services establishments. The area was also home to a flourishing cinema industry known as Mouth of Garbage Cinema, especially in the 1970s. It became to be known as Cracolândia ("Crack Land") in the 1990s, a surrounding identified with drugs, organised crime and violence. Today, Boca is a constantly policed area and crime rate has dramatically fallen.
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Boca do Lixo" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
