Chronic pain
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| - | '''Deep brain stimulation''' ('''DBS''') is a [[surgery|surgical]] treatment involving the implantation of a medical device called a [[brain pacemaker]], which sends electrical impulses to specific parts of the [[brain]]. DBS in select brain regions has provided remarkable therapeutic benefits for otherwise treatment-resistant movement and affective disorders such as [[chronic pain]], [[Parkinson's disease]], [[tremor]] and [[dystonia]]. Despite the long history of DBS, its underlying principles and mechanisms are still not clear. DBS directly changes brain activity in a controlled manner, its effects are reversible (unlike those of lesioning techniques) and is one of only a few neurosurgical methods that allows [[Blind experiment|blinded studies]]. | + | '''Chronic pain''' has several different meanings in medicine. Traditionally, the distinction between ''[[acute]]'' and ''chronic'' [[pain]] has relied upon an arbitrary interval of time from onset. |
| + | ==See also== | ||
| - | The [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) approved DBS as a treatment for [[essential tremor]] in 1997, for [[Parkinson's disease]] in 2002, and [[dystonia]] in 2003. DBS is also routinely used to treat [[chronic pain]] and has been used to treat various affective disorders, including [[major depressive disorder|major depression]]. While DBS has proven helpful for some patients, there is potential for serious complications and side effects. | + | * [[Suffering]] |
| + | ;Conditions related to [[pain]]: | ||
| + | * [[Arthritis]] | ||
| + | * [[Temporomandibular joint disorder]] | ||
| + | * [[Back pain]] | ||
| + | * [[Cancer]] | ||
| + | * [[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]] | ||
| + | * [[Clinical depression]] | ||
| + | * [[Complex Regional Pain Syndrome]] | ||
| + | * [[Fibromyalgia]] | ||
| + | * [[Headache]] | ||
| + | * [[Irritable Bowel Syndrome]] | ||
| + | * [[Myofascial Pain Syndrome]] | ||
| + | * [[Post-Vasectomy Pain Syndrome]] | ||
| + | * [[Restless Leg Syndrome]] | ||
| + | * [[Sciatica]] | ||
| + | * [[Lumbar spinal stenosis]] and [[cervical spinal stenosis]] | ||
| + | ;Drugs: | ||
| + | * [[Analgesia]] | ||
| + | * [[Antiepileptics]] | ||
| + | ** [[Gabapentin]] | ||
| + | ** [[Pregabalin]] | ||
| + | ** [[Levetiracetam]] | ||
| + | ** [[Topiramate]] | ||
| + | ** [[Lamotrigine]] | ||
| + | ** [[Zonisamide]] | ||
| + | * [[Antidepressants]] | ||
| + | * [[Local anesthetics]] | ||
| + | ** [[Ketamine]] | ||
| + | * [[Acetaminophen]] (Paracetamol) | ||
| + | * [[NSAIDs]] | ||
| + | * [[Opioids]] | ||
| + | * [[Medical cannabis]] | ||
| + | * Other agents: | ||
| + | **[[Clonidine]] | ||
| + | ** [[Ziconotide]] | ||
| + | ** [[Tizanidine]] | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | ;Other approaches in [[Physical medicine and rehabilitation]] (Physiatry): | ||
| + | * [[Cryotherapy]] | ||
| + | * [[Exercise]] | ||
| + | * [[Hot pack]] | ||
| + | * [[Occupational therapy]] | ||
| + | * [[Physical therapy]] | ||
| + | * [[TENS]] | ||
| - | ==See also== | + | ;Alternative therapies: |
| - | * [[Neurosurgery]] | + | * [[Acupuncture]] |
| - | * [[Stereotactic surgery]] | + | * [[Chiropractic]] |
| - | * [[Psychosurgery]] | + | * [[Massage therapy]] |
| - | * [[Neuroprosthetics]] | + | * [[Hypnosis]] |
| - | * [[Brain implant]] | + | * [[Behavioral therapy]] |
| - | * [[Vagus nerve stimulation]] | + | * [[Prolotherapy]] |
| - | * [[Electroconvulsive therapy]] | + | * [[Structural Integration]] |
| + | ;Surgery: | ||
| + | * [[Spinal cord stimulation]] | ||
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Chronic pain has several different meanings in medicine. Traditionally, the distinction between acute and chronic pain has relied upon an arbitrary interval of time from onset.
[edit]
See also
- Conditions related to pain
- Arthritis
- Temporomandibular joint disorder
- Back pain
- Cancer
- Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
- Clinical depression
- Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
- Fibromyalgia
- Headache
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- Myofascial Pain Syndrome
- Post-Vasectomy Pain Syndrome
- Restless Leg Syndrome
- Sciatica
- Lumbar spinal stenosis and cervical spinal stenosis
- Drugs
- Analgesia
- Antiepileptics
- Antidepressants
- Local anesthetics
- Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)
- NSAIDs
- Opioids
- Medical cannabis
- Other agents:
|
- Other approaches in Physical medicine and rehabilitation (Physiatry)
- Alternative therapies
- Acupuncture
- Chiropractic
- Massage therapy
- Hypnosis
- Behavioral therapy
- Prolotherapy
- Structural Integration
- Surgery
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Chronic pain" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
