Cryptanalysis  

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-The '''Voynich manuscript''' is a handwritten [[book]] thought to have been written in the early 15th century and comprising about 240 [[vellum]] pages, most with illustrations. Although many possible authors have been proposed, the author, [[writing system|script]], and [[language]] remain unknown. It has been described as "the world's most mysterious manuscript".+'''Cryptanalysis''' (from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ''kryptós'', "hidden", and ''analýein'', "to loosen" or "to untie") is the art and science of analyzing [[information system]]s in order to study the hidden aspects of the systems.
-Generally presumed to be some kind of [[ciphertext]], the Voynich manuscript has been studied by many professional and amateur [[cryptographer]]s, including [[United States|American]] and [[United Kingdom|British]] [[cryptanalysis|codebreakers]] from both [[World War I]] and [[World War II]]. Yet it has defied all decipherment attempts, becoming a [[history of cryptography|historical cryptology]] ''[[cause célèbre]]''. The mystery surrounding it has excited the popular imagination, making the manuscript a subject of both fanciful theories and novels.+==See also==
 +*[[Economics of security]]
 +*[[Information assurance]], a term for information security often used in government
 +*[[Information security]], the overarching goal of most cryptography
 +*[[National Cipher Challenge]]
 +*[[Security engineering]], the design of applications and protocols
 +*[[Security vulnerability]]; vulnerabilities can include cryptographic or other flaws
 +*[[Topics in cryptography]]
 +*[[Zendian Problem]]
-In 2009, [[University of Arizona]] researchers performed [[C14 dating]] on the manuscript's vellum, which they assert (with 95% confidence) was made between 1404 and 1438. In addition, the [[McCrone Research Institute]] in [[Chicago]] found that much of the ink was added not long afterwards, confirming that the manuscript is an authentic medieval document.+===Historic cryptanalysts===
 +*[[Conel Hugh O'Donel Alexander]]
 +*[[Charles Babbage]]
 +*[[Lambros D. Callimahos]]
 +*[[Alastair Denniston]]
 +*[[Agnes Meyer Driscoll]]
 +*[[Elizebeth Friedman]]
 +*[[William F. Friedman]], the father of modern cryptology
 +*[[Meredith Gardner]]
 +*[[Friedrich Kasiski]]
 +*[[Al-Kindi]]
 +*[[Dilly Knox]]
 +*[[Solomon Kullback]]
 +*[[Marian Rejewski]]
 +*[[Joseph Rochefort]], whose contributions affected the outcome of the [[Battle of Midway]]
 +*[[Frank Rowlett]]
 +*[[Abraham Sinkov]]
 +*[[Giovanni Soro]], the Renaissance's first outstanding cryptanalyst
 +*[[John Tiltman]]
 +*[[Alan Turing]]
 +*[[W. T. Tutte|William T. Tutte]]
 +*[[John Wallis]] - 17th-century English mathematician
 +*[[Herbert Yardley]]
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Cryptanalysis (from the Greek kryptós, "hidden", and analýein, "to loosen" or "to untie") is the art and science of analyzing information systems in order to study the hidden aspects of the systems.

See also

Historic cryptanalysts




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