December 11  

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== Art and culture == == Art and culture ==
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-* [[359]] - [[Honoratus]], the first known [[Prefect]] of the City of [[Constantinople]], took office. 
-*[[1282]] - [[Llywelyn ap Gruffydd]] or Gruffudd (b. c. 1228) the last native [[Prince of Wales]], was killed at [[Cilmeri]], near [[Builth Wells]], south [[Wales]]. He was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by King [[Edward I of England]]. Some would say he was the penultimate, but in effect he was the last ruler. In [[Welsh language|Welsh]], he is remembered by the alliterative soubriquet [[Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf]] (Llywelyn, Our Last Leader). 
-*[[1602]] - A surprise attack by forces under the command of the [[Duke of Savoy]] and his brother-in-law, [[Philip III of Spain]], is repelled by the citizens of [[Geneva]]. (This actually takes place after midnight, in the early morning of [[December 12]], but commemorations/celebrations on [[L'Escalade|Fête de l'Escalade]] are usually held on December 11 or the closest weekend.) 
-*[[1792]] - [[French Revolution]]: King [[Louis XVI of France]] is put on trial for treason by the [[National Convention]]. 
-*[[1816]] - [[Indiana]] becomes the 19th [[U.S. state]]. 
-*[[1872]] - [[P.B.S. Pinchback]] is sworn in as the first black member of the [[U.S. House of Representatives]]. 
-*[[1886]] - Dial Square FC, a [[football (soccer)|football]] club from [[Woolwich]], [[London]] that will eventually become known as [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal FC]], play their first match, a 6-0 win over Eastern Wanderers. 
-*[[1917]] - British troops take [[Jerusalem]] from the troops of the [[Ottoman Empire]] 
-*[[1925]] - ''[[Quas Primas]]'' [[encyclical]] was promulgated, introducing the [[Feast of Christ the King]]. 
-*[[1927]] - [[Guangzhou Uprising]]: [[Communist]] militia and worker [[Red Guards (China)|red guards]] launch an uprising in the [[China|Chinese]] city of [[Guangzhou]], taking over most of the city and announcing the formation of a Guangzhou [[Soviet (council)|Soviet]]. 
-*[[1931]] - The [[British Parliament]] enacts the [[Statute of Westminster 1931|Statute of Westminster]], which establishes a status of legislative equality between the self-governing dominions of the [[Commonwealth of Australia]], the [[Dominion of Canada]], the [[Irish Free State]], [[Dominion of Newfoundland|Newfoundland]], the [[Dominion of New Zealand]], and the [[Union of South Africa]]. 
-*[[1934]] - A fire at the Hotel Kerns in [[Lansing, Michigan]], kills 34 people. 
-*[[1936]] - [[Abdication Crisis]]: [[Edward VIII of the United Kingdom|Edward VIII]]'s abdication as King of the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland]], the [[Commonwealth Realm|British Dominions beyond the Seas]], and [[Emperor of India]] becomes effective. 
-*[[1937]] - [[Second Italo-Abyssinian War]]: [[History of Italy as a monarchy and in the World Wars|Italy]] leaves the [[League of Nations]] 
-*[[1941]] - [[World War II]]: [[Nazi Germany|Germany]] and [[History of Italy as a monarchy and in the World Wars|Italy]] declare war on the [[United States]]. 
-*[[1946]] - The [[United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund]] (UNICEF) is established. 
-*[[1958]] - [[Upper Volta]] declares its independence from [[France]], and becomes an autonomous republic in the [[French Community]]. 
-*[[1961]] - [[Melvin Calvin]] Awarded Nobel Prize in Chemistry for process of photosynthesis. 
-*[[1964]] - [[Che Guevara]] speaks at the [[United Nations]] General Assembly in New York City. An unknown terrorist fired a mortar shell at the building during the speech. 
-*[[1971]] - The [[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian Party]] of the [[United States]] is formed. 
-*[[1972]] - [[Apollo 17]] becomes the sixth mission to land on the [[Moon]]. 
-*[[1980]] - The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (known as either [[CERCLA]] or [[Superfund]]) is enacted by the U.S. Congress. 
-* 1981 - [[El Mozote massacre]]: Salvadoran armed forces kill an estimated 900 civilians in an anti-guerrilla campaign during the country's civil war. 
-*[[1993]] - Forty-eight people are killed when a block of the [[Highland Towers collapse]]s near [[Kuala Lumpur]], [[Malaysia]]. 
-*[[1994]] - [[First Chechen War]]: [[Russian President]] [[Boris Yeltsin]] orders [[Russia]]n troops into [[Chechnya]] 
-*[[1997]] - The [[Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]] opens for signature. 
-*[[1998]] - A [[Thai Airways International|Thai Airways]] [[Airbus A310]]-200 crashes near [[Surat Thani Airport]], killing 101. 
-*[[2001]] - The [[People's Republic of China]] joins the [[World Trade Organization]]. 
-* 2005 - The [[2005 Hertfordshire Oil Storage Terminal fire|Buncefield Oil Depot]] in [[Hemel Hempstead]] is rocked by explosions, causing a huge oil fire. 
-* 2005 - [[2005 Cronulla riots|Cronulla riots]]: Thousands of White [[Australia]]ns demonstrate against ethnic violence resulting in a riot against anyone thought to be [[Lebanon|Lebanese]] (and many who were not) in [[Cronulla]] [[Sydney]]. These are followed up by ethnic attacks on [[Cronulla]]. 
-*[[2006]] - The [[International Conference to Review the Global Vision of the Holocaust]] is opened in [[Tehran]], [[Iran]] by [[Mahmoud Ahmadinejad]]. 
==Births== ==Births==

Revision as of 10:48, 9 December 2007

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  1. Edmund Curll
  2. Alfred de Musset
  3. The Happy Wanderer
  4. Musidora
  5. Hector Berlioz
  6. Christian Dietrich Grabbe
  • Maurice Leblanc
  • Cantique des Cantiques
  • Memphis Group
  • Pope Leo X
  • Robert Briffault
  1. Perez Prado
  2. Alma Mahler
  3. Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba
  4. Robert de Montesquiou
  5. Paul Wegener
  6. Jean-Louis Trintignant
  7. Mos Def
  8. Jean Marais
  9. Sonia Brownell
  10. Tomás Gutiérrez Alea
  11. Sibel Kekilli




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