Early Islamic philosophy  

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- +'''Early [[Islamic philosophy]]''' or '''classical Islamic philosophy''' is a period of intense philosophical development beginning in the 2nd century AH of the [[Islamic calendar]] (early 9th century [[Common Era|CE]]) and lasting until the 6th century AH (late 12th century CE). The period is known as the [[Islamic Golden Age]], and the achievements of this period had a crucial influence in the development of modern [[philosophy]] and [[science]]. This period starts with [[al-Kindi]] in the 9th century and ends with [[Averroes]] (Ibn Rushd) at the end of 12th century. The death of Averroes effectively marks the end of a particular discipline of Islamic philosophy usually called the ''[[Peripatetic school|Peripatetic Arabic School]]'', and philosophical activity declined significantly in Western [[Muslim world|Islamic countries]], namely in [[Al-Andalus|Islamic Spain]] and North Africa, though it persisted for much longer in the Eastern countries, in particular [[History of Iran|Persia]] and [[Islam in India|India]] where several schools of philosophy continued to flourish: [[Avicennism]], [[Illuminationist philosophy]], [[Sufi philosophy|Mystical philosophy]], and [[Transcendent theosophy]].
-The [[Renaissance of the 12th century]] saw a major search by [[Europe]]an scholars for new learning, which led them to the [[Arabic language|Arabic]] fringes of Europe, especially to [[Al-Andalus|Islamic Spain]] and [[History of Islam in southern Italy|Sicily]]. A typical story is that of [[Gerard of Cremona]] (c. 1114-87), who was described as having +
- +
-:"arrived at a knowledge of each part of [philosophy] according to the study of the Latins, nevertheless, because of his love for the ''[[Almagest]]'', which he did not find at all amongst the Latins, he made his way to [[Toledo, Spain|Toledo]], where seeing an abundance of books in Arabic on every subject, and pitying the poverty he had experienced among the Latins concerning these subjects, out of his desire to translate he thoroughly learnt the Arabic language...."+
- +
-Unlike the interest in the literature of [[classical antiquity]] found in the [[Renaissance]], 12th century translators sought new [[Islamic science|scientific]], [[Early Islamic philosophy|philosophical]] and, to a lesser extent, religious texts. The latter concern was reflected in a renewed interest in translations of the [[Greek language|Greek]] [[Church Fathers]] into [[Latin]], a concern with translating [[Jew]]ish teachings from [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], and most significantly, an interest in the [[Qur'an]] and other [[Islam]]ic religious texts. In addition, some [[Arabic literature]] was also translated into Latin. +
-==See also==+
-* [[Renaissance of the 12th century]]+
-* [[Islamic contributions to Medieval Europe]]+
-* [[Lex Mahumet pseudoprophete]]+
-* [[List of translators]]+
-** [[Mark of Toledo]]+
- +
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Early Islamic philosophy or classical Islamic philosophy is a period of intense philosophical development beginning in the 2nd century AH of the Islamic calendar (early 9th century CE) and lasting until the 6th century AH (late 12th century CE). The period is known as the Islamic Golden Age, and the achievements of this period had a crucial influence in the development of modern philosophy and science. This period starts with al-Kindi in the 9th century and ends with Averroes (Ibn Rushd) at the end of 12th century. The death of Averroes effectively marks the end of a particular discipline of Islamic philosophy usually called the Peripatetic Arabic School, and philosophical activity declined significantly in Western Islamic countries, namely in Islamic Spain and North Africa, though it persisted for much longer in the Eastern countries, in particular Persia and India where several schools of philosophy continued to flourish: Avicennism, Illuminationist philosophy, Mystical philosophy, and Transcendent theosophy.



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