Entropy
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| - | In 1930, [[Gilbert Newton Lewis]] gave a simple explanation: ''"Gain in '''entropy''' always means loss of information, and nothing more."'' | ||
| - | == Thermodynamics and Information == | + | In [[statistical mechanics]], '''entropy''' is an [[Intensive and extensive properties#Extensive properties|extensive property]] of a [[thermodynamic system]]. It is closely related to the number {{math|Ω}} of microscopic configurations (known as [[Microstate (statistical mechanics)|microstates]]) that are consistent with the macroscopic quantities that characterize the system (such as its volume, pressure and temperature). Entropy expresses the number {{math|Ω}} of different configurations that a system defined by macroscopic variables could assume. |
| - | The term '''entropy''' is used in thermodynamics, information theory and mathematics. In classical thermodynamics entropy is a [[measure]] of the [[amount]] of [[energy]] in a [[physical]] [[system]] which cannot be used to do [[mechanical work]]. Here, the dimension for entopy is [[energy]]<nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Joule]]<nowiki>]</nowiki> devided by temperature<nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Kelvin]]<nowiki>]</nowiki>. | + | == See also == |
| - | However, if a measuring system is used which uses thermal energy instead of temperature, then entropy is a dimensionless factor. In order to compute in such a measuring system the share of a ressource (e.g. energy or information) which is not-available to any determined or determinable operation, the measure of quantity of that ressource (e.g. using the units <nowiki>[</nowiki>Joule<nowiki>]</nowiki> or the pseudo unit <nowiki>[</nowiki>bit<nowiki>]</nowiki>) is multiplied by that factor. | + | * [[Autocatalytic reactions and order creation]] |
| + | * [[Brownian ratchet]] | ||
| + | * [[Clausius–Duhem inequality]] | ||
| + | * [[Configuration entropy]] | ||
| + | * [[Departure function]] | ||
| + | * [[Enthalpy]] | ||
| + | * [[Entropic force]] | ||
| + | * [[Entropic value at risk]] | ||
| + | * [[Entropy (information theory)]] | ||
| + | * [[Entropy (computing)]] | ||
| + | * [[Entropy and life]] | ||
| + | * [[Entropy (order and disorder)]] | ||
| + | * [[Entropy rate]] | ||
| + | * [[Entropy production]] | ||
| + | * [[Extropianism#Extropy|Extropy]] | ||
| + | * [[Geometrical frustration]] | ||
| + | * [[Harmonic entropy]] | ||
| + | * [[Heat death of the universe]] | ||
| + | * [[Info-metrics]] | ||
| + | * [[Laws of thermodynamics]] | ||
| + | * [[Multiplicity function]] | ||
| + | * [[Negentropy]] (negative entropy) | ||
| + | * [[Orders of magnitude (entropy)]] | ||
| + | * [[Phase space#Thermodynamics and statistical mechanics|Phase space]] | ||
| + | * [[Principle of maximum entropy]] | ||
| + | * [[Stirling's formula]] | ||
| + | * [[Thermodynamic databases for pure substances]] | ||
| + | * [[Thermodynamic potential]] | ||
| + | * [[Thermodynamic equilibrium]] | ||
| + | * Wavelet entropy | ||
| - | == Disorder == | ||
| - | Explaining entropy using the term "[[disorder]]" often leads to confusion, because disorder itself can be understood in too many different ways. | ||
| - | |||
| - | == Links == | ||
| - | *Mark Dow: ''[http://lcni.uoregon.edu/~mark/Stat_mech/thermodynamic_entropy_and_information.html The connection between thermodynamic entropy and information]'' | ||
| - | |||
| - | == References == | ||
| - | *[http://www.ariehbennaim.com/books/index.html Ben-Naim, Arieh] (2008): ''A Farewell to Entropy: Statistical Thermodynamics Based on Information'' | ||
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Revision as of 09:03, 25 March 2020
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In statistical mechanics, entropy is an extensive property of a thermodynamic system. It is closely related to the number Template:Math of microscopic configurations (known as microstates) that are consistent with the macroscopic quantities that characterize the system (such as its volume, pressure and temperature). Entropy expresses the number Template:Math of different configurations that a system defined by macroscopic variables could assume.
See also
- Autocatalytic reactions and order creation
- Brownian ratchet
- Clausius–Duhem inequality
- Configuration entropy
- Departure function
- Enthalpy
- Entropic force
- Entropic value at risk
- Entropy (information theory)
- Entropy (computing)
- Entropy and life
- Entropy (order and disorder)
- Entropy rate
- Entropy production
- Extropy
- Geometrical frustration
- Harmonic entropy
- Heat death of the universe
- Info-metrics
- Laws of thermodynamics
- Multiplicity function
- Negentropy (negative entropy)
- Orders of magnitude (entropy)
- Phase space
- Principle of maximum entropy
- Stirling's formula
- Thermodynamic databases for pure substances
- Thermodynamic potential
- Thermodynamic equilibrium
- Wavelet entropy
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