Ephesians
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- | {{Template}} | + | #Redirect [[Epistle to the Ephesians]] |
- | :''[[antifeminist literature of the Middle Ages]]'' | + | |
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- | The '''Pauline epistles''', '''Epistles of Paul''', or '''Letters of Paul''', are the thirteen [[New Testament]] books which have the name Paul (Παῦλος) as the first word, hence claiming authorship by [[Paul the Apostle]]. Among these letters are some of the earliest extant Christian documents. They provide an insight into the beliefs and controversies of [[Early Christianity]] and, as part of the [[Biblical canon|canon]] of the New Testament, they have also been, and continue to be, foundational to [[Christian theology]] and [[Christian ethics]]. Usually they are placed between the [[Book of Acts]] and the [[Catholic epistles]]. In minuscules [[Minuscule 175|175]], [[Minuscule 325|325]], [[Minuscule 336|336]], and 1424 the Pauline epistles are placed at the end of New Testament. | + | |
- | == Order == | + | |
- | In the order they appear in the New Testament, the Pauline epistles are: | + | |
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- | {| class="wikitable" | + | |
- | ! rowspan=2 | Name | + | |
- | ! rowspan=2 | Greek | + | |
- | ! rowspan=2 | Latin | + | |
- | ! colspan=3 | Abbreviations | + | |
- | |- | + | |
- | ! Full | + | |
- | ! Min. | + | |
- | |- | + | |
- | | [[Epistle to the Romans|Romans]] | + | |
- | | Πρὸς Ῥωμαίους | + | |
- | | ''Epistola ad Romanos'' | + | |
- | | Rom | + | |
- | | Ro | + | |
- | |- | + | |
- | | [[1 Corinthians|First Corinthians]] | + | |
- | | Πρὸς Κορινθίους Αʹ | + | |
- | | ''Epistola I ad Corinthios'' | + | |
- | | 1 Cor | + | |
- | | 1C | + | |
- | |- | + | |
- | | [[2 Corinthians|Second Corinthians]] | + | |
- | | Πρὸς Κορινθίους Βʹ | + | |
- | | ''Epistola II ad Corinthios'' | + | |
- | | 2 Cor | + | |
- | | 2C | + | |
- | |- | + | |
- | | [[Epistle to the Galatians|Galatians]] | + | |
- | | Πρὸς Γαλάτας | + | |
- | | ''Epistola ad Galatas'' | + | |
- | | Gal | + | |
- | | G | + | |
- | |- | + | |
- | | [[Ephesians]] | + | |
- | | Πρὸς Ἐφεσίους | + | |
- | | ''Epistola ad Ephesios'' | + | |
- | | Eph | + | |
- | | E | + | |
- | |- | + | |
- | | [[Philippians]] | + | |
- | | Πρὸς Φιλιππησίους | + | |
- | | ''Epistola ad Philippenses'' | + | |
- | | Phil | + | |
- | | Phi | + | |
- | |- | + | |
- | | [[Colossians]] | + | |
- | | Προς Κολασσαεῖς | + | |
- | | ''Epistola ad Colossenses'' | + | |
- | | Col | + | |
- | | C | + | |
- | |- | + | |
- | | [[1 Thessalonians|First Thessalonians]] | + | |
- | | Πρὸς Θεσσαλονικεῖς Αʹ | + | |
- | | ''Epistola I ad Thessalonicenses'' | + | |
- | | 1 Thess | + | |
- | | 1Th | + | |
- | |- | + | |
- | | [[2 Thessalonians|Second Thessalonians]] | + | |
- | | Πρὸς Θεσσαλονικεῖς Βʹ | + | |
- | | ''Epistola II ad Thessalonicenses'' | + | |
- | | 2 Thess | + | |
- | | 2Th | + | |
- | |- | + | |
- | | [[1 Timothy|First Timothy]] | + | |
- | | Πρὸς Τιμόθεον Αʹ | + | |
- | | ''Epistola I ad Timotheum'' | + | |
- | | 1 Tim | + | |
- | | 1T | + | |
- | |- | + | |
- | | [[2 Timothy|Second Timothy]] | + | |
- | | Πρὸς Τιμόθεον Βʹ | + | |
- | | ''Epistola II ad Timotheum'' | + | |
- | | 2 Tim | + | |
- | | 2T | + | |
- | |- | + | |
- | | [[Epistle to Titus|Titus]] | + | |
- | | Πρὸς Τίτον | + | |
- | | ''Epistola ad Titum'' | + | |
- | | Tit | + | |
- | | T | + | |
- | |- | + | |
- | | [[Epistle to Philemon|Philemon]] | + | |
- | | Πρὸς Φιλήμονα | + | |
- | | ''Epistola ad Philemonem'' | + | |
- | | Philem | + | |
- | | P | + | |
- | + | ||
- | |} | + | |
- | + | ||
- | This ordering is remarkably consistent in the manuscript tradition, with very few deviations. The evident principle of organization is descending length of the Greek text, but keeping the four [[Pastoral epistles]] addressed to individuals in a separate final section. The only anomaly is that Galatians precedes the slightly longer Ephesians.<ref name="Trobisch">{{cite book|last=Trobisch|first=David|title=Paul's Letter Collection: Tracing the Origins|year=1994|isbn=0800625978|pages=1–27|ref=harv}}</ref> | + | |
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- | In modern editions, the formally anonymous [[Epistle to the Hebrews]] is placed at the end of Paul's letters and before the [[General epistles]]. This practice was popularized through the 4th-century [[Vulgate]] by [[Jerome]], who was aware of ancient doubts about its [[authorship of the Epistle to the Hebrews|authorship]], and is also followed in most medieval [[Byzantine text-type|Byzantine]] manuscripts. With hardly any exceptions, though, the manuscripts do include Hebrews somewhere among Paul's letters.<ref name="Trobisch" /> | + | |
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- | The placement of Hebrews among the Pauline epistles is less consistent in the manuscripts: | + | |
- | * between Romans and 1 Corinthians (i.e., in order by length without splitting the Epistles to the Corinthians): [[Papyrus 46]] and minuscules [[Minuscule 103|103]], [[Minuscule 455|455]], 1961, 1964, 1977, 1994. | + | |
- | * between 2 Corinthians and Galatians: minuscules 1930, 1978, and 2248 | + | |
- | * between Galatians and Ephesians: implied by the numbering in [[Codex Vaticanus|B]] | + | |
- | * between 2 Thessalonians and 1 Timothy (i.e., before the Pastorals): [[Codex Sinaiticus|א]], [[Codex Alexandrinus|A]], [[Codex Vaticanus|B]], [[Codex Ephraemi|C]], [[Codex Coislinianus|H]], [[Codex Freerianus|I]], [[Codex Guelferbytanus A|P]], [[Uncial 0150|0150]], [[Uncial 0151|0151]], and about 60 minuscules (e.g. [[Minuscule 218|218]], [[Minuscule 632|632]]) | + | |
- | * after Philemon: [[Codex Claromontanus|D]], [[Codex Vaticanus 2061|048]], [[Codex Laudianus|E]], [[Codex Mosquensis I|K]], [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] and the majority of minuscules. | + | |
- | * omitted: [[Codex Augiensis|F]] and [[Codex Boernerianus|G]] | + | |
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- | {{GFDL}} | + |
Current revision
- Redirect Epistle to the Ephesians