Fête de la Fédération
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| - | The '''Champ de Mars''' is a large public [[greenspace]] in [[Paris]], [[France]], located in the [[7ème arrondissement, Paris|seventh ''arrondissement'']], between the [[Eiffel Tower]] to the northwest and the [[École Militaire]] to the southeast. The park is named after the [[Campus Martius]] ("Mars Field") in [[Rome]], a tribute to the [[Mars (mythology)|Roman god of war]]. The name also alludes to the fact that the lawns here were formerly used as drilling and marching grounds by the French military. | + | The '''''Fête de la Fédération''''' of the 14 July 1790 was a huge feast and official event to celebrate the establishment of the short-lived [[constitutional monarchy]] in [[France]] and what people of the time considered to be the happy conclusion of the [[French Revolution]], the outcome hoped for by the ''monarchiens''. Held on the first anniversary of the [[storming of the Bastille]], it is commemorated every year by what is commonly known in English as "[[Bastille Day]]" (''Fête du 14 juillet'' in French). |
| - | During the [[French Revolution]], the Champ de Mars was the setting of the ''[[Fête de la Fédération]]'', on the [[14 July]] [[1790]]. It was also the setting of a massacre on [[July 17]], [[1791]], when a crowd collected to draft a petition seeking the removal of King [[Louis XVI of France|Louis XVI]]. This happened just days after the second anniversary of the storming of the [[Bastille]]. Soldiers under the orders of the mayor [[Jean-Sylvain Bailly]] and the [[Marquis de Lafayette]] opened fire. | + | The ''Fête de la Fédération'' in Paris was the most prominent event of a series of spontaneous celebrations all over France: from August 1789, ''Fédérations'' appeared in towns and countryside; on 5 June 1790, with lots of individual feasts to celebrate the new state of France, a constitutional monarchy. The [[National Constituent Assembly|National Assembly]] approved the suggestion by the ''Commune de Paris'' to organise a "general Federation". Organised late, it was largely an improvisation. The idea was not to contest the legitimacy of the king [[Louis XVI of France|Louis XVI]], but to show the general will for stable institutions and a national reconciliation and unity. In the words of [[Jean Sylvain Bailly]], astronomer and mayor of Paris: "We suggest that this meeting (...) be sworn on the next 14 July, which we shall all see as the time of liberty: this day shall be spent swearing to uphold and defend it". Charon, President of the Commune of Paris, stated: "French, we are free! French, we are brothers!". |
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| - | The Champ de Mars was the site of Expositions Universelles in [[Exposition Universelle (1867)|1867]], [[Exposition Universelle (1878)|1878]] and [[Exposition Universelle (1889)|1889]]. | + | |
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| - | The nearest [[List of stations of the Paris Métro|Métro stations]] are [[La Motte-Picquet – Grenelle (Paris Métro)|La Motte-Picquet–Grenelle]] and [[École Militaire (Paris Métro)|École Militaire]]. [[Gare du Champ de Mars|Champ de Mars-Tour Eiffel]], an RER suburban-commuter-railway station, is also nearby. | + | |
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The Fête de la Fédération of the 14 July 1790 was a huge feast and official event to celebrate the establishment of the short-lived constitutional monarchy in France and what people of the time considered to be the happy conclusion of the French Revolution, the outcome hoped for by the monarchiens. Held on the first anniversary of the storming of the Bastille, it is commemorated every year by what is commonly known in English as "Bastille Day" (Fête du 14 juillet in French).
The Fête de la Fédération in Paris was the most prominent event of a series of spontaneous celebrations all over France: from August 1789, Fédérations appeared in towns and countryside; on 5 June 1790, with lots of individual feasts to celebrate the new state of France, a constitutional monarchy. The National Assembly approved the suggestion by the Commune de Paris to organise a "general Federation". Organised late, it was largely an improvisation. The idea was not to contest the legitimacy of the king Louis XVI, but to show the general will for stable institutions and a national reconciliation and unity. In the words of Jean Sylvain Bailly, astronomer and mayor of Paris: "We suggest that this meeting (...) be sworn on the next 14 July, which we shall all see as the time of liberty: this day shall be spent swearing to uphold and defend it". Charon, President of the Commune of Paris, stated: "French, we are free! French, we are brothers!".
