French East India Company  

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 +The '''French East India Company''' ({{lang-fr|Compagnie française pour le commerce des Indes orientales}}) was a colonial commercial enterprise, founded on 1 September 1664 to compete with the [[English East India Company|English]] (later British) and [[Dutch East India Company|Dutch]] trading companies in the [[East Indies]].{{sfn|Mole|2016|p=24}}
-'''Georges Danton''' (1759 – 1794) was a [[French lawyer]] and a leading figure in the [[French Revolution]]. He became a deputy to the [[Paris Commune (1789-1795)]], presided in the [[Cordeliers Convent|Cordeliers]] district, and visited the [[Jacobin club]]. In August 1792 he became [[French Minister of Justice]] and was responsible for inciting the [[September Massacres]]. In Spring 1793 he supported the foundation of a [[Revolutionary Tribunal]] and became the first president of the [[Committee of Public Safety]]. After the [[Insurrection of 31 May - 2 June 1793]] he changed his mind on the use of force and lost his seat in the committee; Danton and Robespierre became rivals. In early October, 1793, he left politics but was urged to return to Paris to plead, as a [[modérantisme|moderate]], for an end to the Terror. Danton's continual criticism of the Committee of Public Safety provoked further counter-attacks. At the end of March 1794, Danton made a speech announcing the end of the Terror. Within a week he became embroiled in a scandal concerning the bankruptcy proceedings of the [[French East India Company]] and was guillotined by the advocates of [[revolutionary terror]] after accusations of conspiracy, [[venality]] and leniency toward the enemies of the Revolution.+Planned by [[Jean-Baptiste Colbert]], it was chartered by King [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]] for the purpose of trading in the [[Eastern Hemisphere]]. It resulted from the fusion of three earlier companies, the 1660 [[Compagnie de Chine]], the Compagnie d'Orient and Compagnie de Madagascar. The first Director General for the Company was François de la Faye, who was adjoined by two Directors belonging to the two most successful trading organizations at that time: [[François Caron]], who had spent 30 years working for the [[Dutch East India Company]], including more than 20 years in [[Japan]],<ref>Caron lived in Japan from 1619 to 1641. ''A Collector's Guide to Books on Japan in English'' By Jozef Rogala, p.31 [https://books.google.com/books?id=29cty-eprmgC&pg=PA31&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Caron+years+Japan&ei=DrbASNjkKJzayATrmPiJDg&sig=ACfU3U22eUcPvD3B42fwRk_cEkMFPpDBpg]</ref> and [[Marcara Avanchintz]], an [[Armenians|Armenian]] trader from [[Isfahan]], [[Persia]].<ref>McCabe, p.104</ref>
-Danton's role in the onset of the Revolution has been disputed, especially during [[French Third Republic]]; many historians describe him as "the chief force in the overthrow of the [[Ancien Régime|French monarchy]] and the establishment of the [[First French Republic]]". 
-==Fictionalized accounts== 
-*Danton, Robespierre, and Marat are characters in [[Victor Hugo]]'s novel ''[[Ninety-Three]]'' (Quatrevingt-treize), set during the [[French Revolution]]. 
-*Danton is a central character in Romanian playwright [[Camil Petrescu]]'s play of the same name. 
-*Danton's last days were made into a play, ''Dantons Tod'' (''[[Danton's Death]]''), by [[Georg Büchner]]. 
-*On the basis of Büchner's play, [[Gottfried von Einem]] wrote an opera with the same title, on a libretto by himself and [[Boris Blacher]], which premiered on 6 August 1947 at the [[Salzburger Festspiele]]. 
-*Danton appears in the Hungarian play ''[[The Tragedy of Man]]'' and the animated movie of the same name as one of Adam's incarnations throughout Lucifer's illusion. 
-*Danton's life from 1791 until his execution was the subject of the 1921 German film ''[[Danton (1921 film)|Danton]]''. 
-*Danton's and Robespierre's quarrels were turned into a 1983 film, ''[[Danton (1983 film)|Danton]]'', directed by [[Andrzej Wajda]]. The film itself is loosely based on [[Stanisława Przybyszewska]]'s 1929 play ''Sprawa Dantona'' ("[[The Danton Case]]"). 
-*Danton's and Robespierre's relations were also the subject of an opera by American composer [[John Eaton (composer)|John Eaton]], ''Danton and Robespierre'' (1978). 
-*Danton is extensively featured in ''[[La Révolution française (film)|La Révolution française]]'' (1989),. 
-*In his novel ''Locus Solus'', [[Raymond Roussel]] tells a story in which Danton makes an arrangement with his executioner for his head to be smuggled into his friend's possession after his execution. The nerves and musculature of the head ultimately end up on display in the private collection of Martial Canterel, reanimated by special electrical currents and showing a deeply entrenched disposition toward oratory. 
-*The Revolution as experienced by Danton, Robespierre, and Desmoulins is the central focus of [[Hilary Mantel]]'s novel ''[[A Place of Greater Safety]]'' (1993). 
-*Danton and Desmoulins are the main characters of [[Tanith Lee]]'s ''The Gods Are Thirsty—A Novel of the French Revolution'' (1996). 
-*Danton and Robespierre are briefly referred to in the book ''[[The Scarlet Pimpernel]]''. The two men both applaud a guard for his work in catching aristocrats. 
-*In ''The Tangled Thread'', Volume 10 of ''[[The Morland Dynasty]]'', a series of historical novels by author [[Cynthia Harrod-Eagles]], the character Henri-Marie Fitzjames Stuart, bastard offshoot of the fictional Morland family, allies himself with Danton in an attempt to protect his family as the storm clouds of revolution gather over France. 
-*Danton appears briefly in [[Rafael Sabatini]]'s adventure novel ''Scaramouche: A tale of romance in the French Revolution''. 
-*Danton appears in a series of comics entitled "The Last Days of Georges Danton" in ''Step Aside, Pops: A [[Hark! A Vagrant]] Collection'' by [[Kate Beaton]]. 
-*Danton is one of six point-of-view characters in [[Marge Piercy]]'s novel ''City of Darkness, City of Light'' (1996). 
-*Danton, along with [[Jean-Paul Marat|Marat]] and Robespierre, is a secondary character in the 1927 epic ''[[Napoléon (1927 film)|Napoléon]]''. His portrayal in the film is somewhat cartoonish, as he is depicted as a decadent fop, albeit dedicated to republicanism and revolution, and it is he that allows [[Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle|Rouget de Lisle]] to premiere "[[La Marseillaise]]" at the [[Cordeliers|Club des Cordeliers]]. (In reality, no such performance by Rouget de Lisle is known to have taken place.) 
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The French East India Company (Template:Lang-fr) was a colonial commercial enterprise, founded on 1 September 1664 to compete with the English (later British) and Dutch trading companies in the East Indies.Template:Sfn

Planned by Jean-Baptiste Colbert, it was chartered by King Louis XIV for the purpose of trading in the Eastern Hemisphere. It resulted from the fusion of three earlier companies, the 1660 Compagnie de Chine, the Compagnie d'Orient and Compagnie de Madagascar. The first Director General for the Company was François de la Faye, who was adjoined by two Directors belonging to the two most successful trading organizations at that time: François Caron, who had spent 30 years working for the Dutch East India Company, including more than 20 years in Japan,<ref>Caron lived in Japan from 1619 to 1641. A Collector's Guide to Books on Japan in English By Jozef Rogala, p.31 [1]</ref> and Marcara Avanchintz, an Armenian trader from Isfahan, Persia.<ref>McCabe, p.104</ref>





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