French States-General
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| - | ''' Michel de Marillac''' ([[Paris]] October 1563 — [[Château de Châteaudun]], 7 August 1632) was a French jurist and counsellor at the court of [[Louis XIII of France]], one of the leading ''[[dévots]]''. His uncle was [[Charles de Marillac]], [[Vienne|Archbishop of Vienne]] and a member of the king's council, the ''[[Conseil du Roi]]''. A member of the circle of [[Marie de' Medici]], he was arrested after the Queen Mother's flight in 1631 and died in prison. | ||
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| - | Michel de Marillac was Minister of Justice in 1626. He was appointed [[Superintendent of Finances]] on 27 August 1624, with [[Jean Bochart]]. His advice to [[Cardinal Richelieu]] advocated conservative policies abroad and limited involvement in northern Italy during the [[War of the Mantuan Succession]], while France was occupied with suppressing [[Huguenots]] at home and countering [[Habsburg]] influence in the drawn-out Bourbon-Habsburg wars that were not resolved until 1659. His main concern was encouraging economic growth, as a balance to the threats posed by popular unrest in France and the resistance to new forms of taxation to support the war. His key proposals reforming the legal administration were embodied in the '''Code Michau''', published in 1629, which synthesised in 430 article headings texts adopted by the [[French States-General|États-général]] of 1614 and the Assemblies of Notables, 1617-26, embracing every aspect of government. | ||
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| - | Marillac was entrusted with the position of [[Keeper of the Seals]] (''garde des sceaux'', a Chancellor without the title), after Chancellor d'Aligre was disgraced, in June 1626, compromised by his fidelity to [[Gaston d'Orléans]]. | ||
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| - | He gained increasing influence with [[Marie de' Medici]]. After the [[Day of the Dupes]], 11 November 1630, Richelieu had Marillac tried by a court of hand-picked judges; he died in captivity in 1632. | ||
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| - | Marillac's brother, who had served as a general of the French army in Italy during the [[War of the Mantuan Succession]], was beheaded that same year. Michel was the guardian of Louis' natural daughter [[Louise de Marillac]], who became a nun, was a follower of Saint [[Vincent de Paul]], with whom she founded the [[Daughters of Charity]] on 29 November 1633. | ||
| + | In [[France]] under the [[Old Regime]], the '''States-General''' or '''Estates-General''' (French: ''états généraux''), was a [[legislative assembly]] (see [[The States]]) of the different classes (or [[estates of the realm|estates]]) of French [[nationality|subject]]s. It had a separate assembly for each of the three estates, which were called and dismissed by the king. It had no true power in its own right; unlike the English parliament it was not required to approve royal taxation or legislation, being too unwieldy and obstinate for this purpose. Instead it functioned more to distribute royal propaganda. | ||
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In France under the Old Regime, the States-General or Estates-General (French: états généraux), was a legislative assembly (see The States) of the different classes (or estates) of French subjects. It had a separate assembly for each of the three estates, which were called and dismissed by the king. It had no true power in its own right; unlike the English parliament it was not required to approve royal taxation or legislation, being too unwieldy and obstinate for this purpose. Instead it functioned more to distribute royal propaganda.
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