French philosophy
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| '''French philosophy''', here taken to mean [[philosophy]] in [[French language]], has been extremely diverse and influential to both the [[analytic philosophy|analytic]] and [[continental philosophy|continental]] traditions in philosophy for centuries, from [[René Descartes]] through [[Voltaire]] and [[Henri Bergson]] to 20th century [[Existentialism]] and [[Post-structuralism]]. | '''French philosophy''', here taken to mean [[philosophy]] in [[French language]], has been extremely diverse and influential to both the [[analytic philosophy|analytic]] and [[continental philosophy|continental]] traditions in philosophy for centuries, from [[René Descartes]] through [[Voltaire]] and [[Henri Bergson]] to 20th century [[Existentialism]] and [[Post-structuralism]]. | ||
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| + | '''[[Michel Eyquem de Montaigne]]''' (1533 - 1592) may have been Catholic, but his anti-dogmatic stances made him the father of the anti-conformist French spirit. His work consists of little trials for his beliefs, filled with autobiographical and casual anecdotes. His intention with these papers was to leave something by which family could remember him. He was the first person to use the word [[Essays (Montaigne)|essays]], and his writings came to be highly influential upon [[Shakespeare]], [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau|Rousseau]] and [[Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche|Nietzsche]]. His radical [[scepticism]], summed up in the phrase ''Que sais-je?'', served as one of the catalysts for [[René Descartes|René Descartes']] oeuvre. | ||
| ==17th century == | ==17th century == | ||
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French philosophy, here taken to mean philosophy in French language, has been extremely diverse and influential to both the analytic and continental traditions in philosophy for centuries, from René Descartes through Voltaire and Henri Bergson to 20th century Existentialism and Post-structuralism.
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16th century
Michel Eyquem de Montaigne (1533 - 1592) may have been Catholic, but his anti-dogmatic stances made him the father of the anti-conformist French spirit. His work consists of little trials for his beliefs, filled with autobiographical and casual anecdotes. His intention with these papers was to leave something by which family could remember him. He was the first person to use the word essays, and his writings came to be highly influential upon Shakespeare, Rousseau and Nietzsche. His radical scepticism, summed up in the phrase Que sais-je?, served as one of the catalysts for René Descartes' oeuvre.
17th century
The modern period is usually taken to start with the seventeenth century and more specifically, with the work of René Descartes, who set much of the agenda as well as much of the methodology for those who came after him. Much of this started in Paris.
18th century
Prominent Enlightenment philosophers such as Voltaire, Denis Diderot and Jean-Jacques Rousseau questioned and attacked the existing institutions of both Church and State.
19th century
French philosophy of the 19th century was imbued with philosophers of the 18th century, such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
20th century
Twentieth-century French philosophy, also called French Theory is a strand of contemporary philosophy associated with post-World War 2 French thinkers, who were directly influenced by German philosophy. Twentieth-century French philosophy and the work of Georges Bataille, Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, Jacques Lacan, Gilles Deleuze and Roland Barthes has been influential in the Anglosphere, especially with regards to the art world.
See also
See also
