Gender role
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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Revision as of 08:29, 15 March 2014
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A gender role is a set of perceived behavioral norms associated particularly with males or females, in a given social group or system. It can be a form of division of labour by gender. It is a focus of analysis in the social sciences and humanities. Gender is one component of the gender/sex system, which refers to "The set of arrangements by which a society transforms biological sexuality into products of human activity, and in which these transformed needs are satisfied" (Reiter 1975: 159). All societies, to a certain effect, have a gender/sex system, although the components and workings of this system vary widely from society to society.
Most researchers recognize that the concrete behavior of individuals is a consequence of both socially enforced rules and values, and individual disposition, whether genetic, unconscious, or conscious. Some researchers emphasize the objective social system and others emphasize subjective orientations and dispositions.
Creativity may cause the rules and values to change over time. Cultures and societies are dynamic and ever changing, but there has been extensive debate as to how, and how fast, they may change. Such debates are especially intense when they involve the gender/sex system, as people have widely differing views about how much gender depends on biological sex.
See also
- Alimony
- Anima and animus
- Balanced parenting (disambiguation)
- Barefoot and pregnant
- Breeches role
- Childhood gender nonconformity
- Christian views of marriage
- Civil and political rights
- Courtship
- Going Dutch
- Face-ism
- Fascism and sexuality
- Feminization (sociology)
- Gender advertisement
- Gender equality
- Gender mainstreaming
- Gender studies
- Grammatical gender
- List of transgender-related topics
- The Yogyakarta Principles
- Marriage gap
- Masculism
- Matriarchy
- Men's movement
- Misandry
- Patriarchy
- Portrayal of women in video games
- Sex and gender distinction
- Sexual inversion (sexology)
- Sexual Orientation Hypothesis
- Sociology of gender
- Sociology of the family
- Symbolic interactionism
- Western stereotype of the male ballet dancer
- Women in Christianity
- Women in Islam