Hayy ibn Yaqdhan
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| - | The history of prose fiction remains heterogeneous with parallel developments all around the globe. Early examples of prose novels include ''[[The Tale of Genji]]'' by [[Murasaki Shikibu]] in the 11th century, ''[[Hayy ibn Yaqdhan|Philosophus Autodidactus]]'' by [[Ibn Tufail]] in the 12th century, ''[[Ibn al-Nafis#Theologus Autodidactus|Theologus Autodidactus]]'' by [[Ibn al-Nafis]] in the 13th century, and ''[[Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]'' by [[Luo Guanzhong]] in the 14th century. The inventions of paper and movable letters became, however, key factors the genre needed to step from isolated traditions into a market of exchange and awareness of the genre. Spanish, French, German, Dutch and English became the first languages of the new market. The national risings of the USA, Russia, Scandinavia and Latin America widened the spectrum in the 19th century. A wave of new literatures has brought forth novels with Asian and African authors since then. Their novels became already contributions the history of world literature the 19th century created and the 20th century nourished with international awards such as the Nobel Prize in Literature; they make it problematic for any nation to remain unvoiced and unheard of. The novel has become a medium of national awareness on a global scale. The establishment of literature as the realm of fictions to be discussed, a 19th century development, became the moving force behind this development. | + | '''''Ḥayy ibn Yaqẓān''''' was the first Arabic [[novel]] written by [[Ibn Tufail]] (also known as ''Aben Tofail'' or ''Ebn Tophail''), a [[Early Islamic philosophy|Moorish philosopher]] and [[Islamic medicine|physician]], in early 12th century [[Al-Andalus|Islamic Spain]]. The novel was itself named after an earlier [[Arabic language|Arabic]] allegorical tale and philosophical [[romance novel|romance]] of the same name, written by [[Avicenna]] (Ave Cena) in early 11th century, though they both had different stories. |
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| + | Ibn Tufail's ''Hayy ibn Yaqdhan'' had a significant influence on [[Arabic literature]], [[Persian literature]], and [[European literature]] after it was translated in 1671 into [[Latin]] and then into several other European languages. The work also had a "profound influence" on both [[early Islamic philosophy|classical Islamic philosophy]] and [[Modern philosophy|modern Western philosophy]], and became "one of the most important books that heralded the [[Scientific Revolution]]" and [[Age of Enlightenment|European Enlightenment]]. The novel is also considered a precursor to the European ''[[bildungsroman]]'' genre. | ||
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| + | == See also == | ||
| + | *[[Ibn Tufail]] | ||
| + | *[[Avicenna]] | ||
| + | *[[Ibn al-Nafis]] | ||
| + | *[[Arabic literature]] | ||
| + | **[[Arabic epic literature]] | ||
| + | *[[Persian literature]] | ||
| + | *[[Islamic philosophy]] | ||
| + | **[[Early Islamic philosophy]] | ||
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Ḥayy ibn Yaqẓān was the first Arabic novel written by Ibn Tufail (also known as Aben Tofail or Ebn Tophail), a Moorish philosopher and physician, in early 12th century Islamic Spain. The novel was itself named after an earlier Arabic allegorical tale and philosophical romance of the same name, written by Avicenna (Ave Cena) in early 11th century, though they both had different stories.
Ibn Tufail's Hayy ibn Yaqdhan had a significant influence on Arabic literature, Persian literature, and European literature after it was translated in 1671 into Latin and then into several other European languages. The work also had a "profound influence" on both classical Islamic philosophy and modern Western philosophy, and became "one of the most important books that heralded the Scientific Revolution" and European Enlightenment. The novel is also considered a precursor to the European bildungsroman genre.
See also
