Intelligence  

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 +"To be [[stupid]], and [[selfish]], and to have good [[health]] are the three requirements for [[happiness]]; though if stupidity is lacking, the others are useless" [[To be stupid, and selfish, and to have good health are the three requirements for happiness|[...]]] --G. Flaubert
 +|}
 +[[Image:Diagram of the human mind, from Robert Fludd (1574-1637), Utriusque cosmic maioris scilicet et minoris metaphysica.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Diagram of the human mind, from ''[[Utriusque cosmi maioris scilicet et minoris metaphysica]]'', page 217[http://www.archive.org/stream/utriusquecosmima02flud#page/217/mode/1up] by [[Robert Fludd]]]]
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'''Intelligence ''' is a property of [[mind]] that encompasses many related [[mind|mental]] abilities, such as the capacities to [[reason]], [[plan]], [[problem solving|solve problems]], think [[abstraction|abstractly]], comprehend ideas and [[language]], and [[learn]]. Although intelligence is sometimes viewed quite broadly, psychologists typically regard the trait as distinct from [[creativity]], [[personality]], [[character structure|character]], [[knowledge]], or [[wisdom]]. '''Intelligence ''' is a property of [[mind]] that encompasses many related [[mind|mental]] abilities, such as the capacities to [[reason]], [[plan]], [[problem solving|solve problems]], think [[abstraction|abstractly]], comprehend ideas and [[language]], and [[learn]]. Although intelligence is sometimes viewed quite broadly, psychologists typically regard the trait as distinct from [[creativity]], [[personality]], [[character structure|character]], [[knowledge]], or [[wisdom]].
 +==History of the term==
 +:''[[Nous]]''
 +Intelligence derives from the Latin verb ''[[intelligere.]] ''A form of this verb, ''[[intellectus]]'', became the medieval technical term for understanding, and a translation for the Greek philosophical term ''[[nous]]''. This term was however strongly linked to the [[metaphysics|metaphysical]] and [[cosmology|cosmological]] theories of [[teleology|teleological]] [[scholasticism]], including theories of the immortality of the soul, and the concept of the [[Active Intellect]] (also known as the Active Intelligence). This entire approach to the study of nature was strongly rejected by the [[early modern era|early modern]] philosophers such as [[Francis Bacon]], [[Thomas Hobbes]], [[John Locke]], and [[David Hume]], all of whom preferred the word "[[understanding]]" in their English philosophical works. Hobbes for example, in his Latin ''[[De Corpore]]'', used "''intellectus intelligit''" (translated in the English version as "the understanding understandeth") as a typical example of a logical [[absurdity]]. The term "intelligence" has therefore become less common in English language philosophy, but it has later been taken up (with the scholastic theories which it now implies) in more contemporary psychology.
 +==Information warfare==
 +* [[Intelligence assessment]] - for example espionage
 +* [[Military intelligence]]
 +
 +==See also==
 +* [[Active intellect]]
 +* [[Artificial intelligence]]
 +* [[Synthetic intelligence]]
 +* [[Downing effect]]
 +* [[Educational psychology]]
 +* [[History of the race and intelligence controversy]]
 +* [[Individual differences psychology]]
 +* [[Intellectual giftedness]]
 +* [[Intelligence (journal)]]
 +* [[Knowledge]]
 +* [[Malleable intelligence]]
 +* [[Passive intellect]]
 +* [[Systems intelligence]]
 +* [[Theory of multiple intelligences]]
 +* [[Sex differences in intelligence]]
{{GFDL}} {{GFDL}}

Revision as of 22:57, 14 November 2016

"To be stupid, and selfish, and to have good health are the three requirements for happiness; though if stupidity is lacking, the others are useless" [...] --G. Flaubert

Diagram of the human mind, from Utriusque cosmi maioris scilicet et minoris metaphysica, page 217[1] by Robert Fludd

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Intelligence is a property of mind that encompasses many related mental abilities, such as the capacities to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend ideas and language, and learn. Although intelligence is sometimes viewed quite broadly, psychologists typically regard the trait as distinct from creativity, personality, character, knowledge, or wisdom.

History of the term

Nous

Intelligence derives from the Latin verb intelligere. A form of this verb, intellectus, became the medieval technical term for understanding, and a translation for the Greek philosophical term nous. This term was however strongly linked to the metaphysical and cosmological theories of teleological scholasticism, including theories of the immortality of the soul, and the concept of the Active Intellect (also known as the Active Intelligence). This entire approach to the study of nature was strongly rejected by the early modern philosophers such as Francis Bacon, Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and David Hume, all of whom preferred the word "understanding" in their English philosophical works. Hobbes for example, in his Latin De Corpore, used "intellectus intelligit" (translated in the English version as "the understanding understandeth") as a typical example of a logical absurdity. The term "intelligence" has therefore become less common in English language philosophy, but it has later been taken up (with the scholastic theories which it now implies) in more contemporary psychology.

Information warfare

See also




Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Intelligence" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.

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