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'''Japan''' is an [[island country]] in [[East Asia]], located in the northwest [[Pacific Ocean]]. It is bordered on the west by the [[Sea of Japan]], and extends from the [[Sea of Okhotsk]] in the north toward the [[East China Sea]] and [[Taiwan]] in the south. [[Tokyo]] is Japan's capital and largest city. '''Japan''' is an [[island country]] in [[East Asia]], located in the northwest [[Pacific Ocean]]. It is bordered on the west by the [[Sea of Japan]], and extends from the [[Sea of Okhotsk]] in the north toward the [[East China Sea]] and [[Taiwan]] in the south. [[Tokyo]] is Japan's capital and largest city.
-Japan is the [[List of countries and dependencies by population|eleventh-most populous country]] in the world, as well as one of the [[List of countries and dependencies by population density|most densely populated]] and [[Urbanization by country|urbanized]]. About three-fourths of the [[Geography of Japan|country's terrain]] is mountainous, concentrating its population of 125.57 million on narrow coastal plains. Japan is divided into [[Prefectures of Japan|47 administrative prefectures]] and [[List of regions of Japan|eight traditional regions]]. The [[Greater Tokyo Area]] is the [[List of largest cities|most populous metropolitan area]] in the world, with more than 37.4 million residents.+Japan is the [[List of countries and dependencies by population|eleventh-most populous country]] in the world, as well as one of the [[List of countries and dependencies by population density|most densely populated]] and [[Urbanization by country|urbanized]]. About three-fourths of the [[Geography of Japan|country's terrain]] is mountainous, concentrating its population of 125.57 million on narrow coastal plains.
Japan [[Japanese Paleolithic|has been inhabited]] since the [[Upper Paleolithic]] period (30,000 BC), though the first mentions of the archipelago appear in [[Book of Han|Chinese chronicles]] from the 1st century AD. Between the 4th and 9th centuries, the kingdoms of Japan became unified under an [[Emperor of Japan|emperor]] and his [[Imperial House of Japan|imperial court]] based in [[Heian-kyō]]. Beginning in the 12th century, political power was held by a series of military dictators (''[[Shogun|shōgun]]'') and feudal lords (''[[Daimyo|daimyō]]''), and enforced by a class of warrior nobility (''[[samurai]]''). After a [[Sengoku period|century-long period of civil war]], the country was reunified in 1603 under the [[Tokugawa shogunate]], which enacted an [[Sakoku|isolationist foreign policy]]. In 1854, a [[Perry Expedition|United States fleet]] forced Japan to [[Bakumatsu|open trade to the West]], which led to [[Boshin War|the end of the shogunate]] and the [[Meiji Restoration|restoration of imperial power]] in 1868. In the [[Meiji (era)|Meiji period]], the [[Empire of Japan]] adopted a [[Meiji Constitution|Western-styled constitution]] and pursued a program of [[Industrialisation|industrialization]] and [[Modernization theory|modernization]]. In 1937, Japan [[Second Sino-Japanese War|invaded China]]; in 1941, it entered [[World War II]] as an [[Axis powers|Axis power]]. After suffering defeat in the [[Pacific War]] and [[Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki|two atomic bombings]], Japan [[Surrender of Japan|surrendered]] in 1945 and came under a seven-year [[Occupation of Japan|Allied occupation]], during which it adopted a [[Constitution of Japan|new constitution]]. Since 1947, Japan has maintained a [[Unitary state|unitary]] [[Parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[constitutional monarchy]] with a [[Bicameralism|bicameral]] legislature, the [[National Diet]]. Japan [[Japanese Paleolithic|has been inhabited]] since the [[Upper Paleolithic]] period (30,000 BC), though the first mentions of the archipelago appear in [[Book of Han|Chinese chronicles]] from the 1st century AD. Between the 4th and 9th centuries, the kingdoms of Japan became unified under an [[Emperor of Japan|emperor]] and his [[Imperial House of Japan|imperial court]] based in [[Heian-kyō]]. Beginning in the 12th century, political power was held by a series of military dictators (''[[Shogun|shōgun]]'') and feudal lords (''[[Daimyo|daimyō]]''), and enforced by a class of warrior nobility (''[[samurai]]''). After a [[Sengoku period|century-long period of civil war]], the country was reunified in 1603 under the [[Tokugawa shogunate]], which enacted an [[Sakoku|isolationist foreign policy]]. In 1854, a [[Perry Expedition|United States fleet]] forced Japan to [[Bakumatsu|open trade to the West]], which led to [[Boshin War|the end of the shogunate]] and the [[Meiji Restoration|restoration of imperial power]] in 1868. In the [[Meiji (era)|Meiji period]], the [[Empire of Japan]] adopted a [[Meiji Constitution|Western-styled constitution]] and pursued a program of [[Industrialisation|industrialization]] and [[Modernization theory|modernization]]. In 1937, Japan [[Second Sino-Japanese War|invaded China]]; in 1941, it entered [[World War II]] as an [[Axis powers|Axis power]]. After suffering defeat in the [[Pacific War]] and [[Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki|two atomic bombings]], Japan [[Surrender of Japan|surrendered]] in 1945 and came under a seven-year [[Occupation of Japan|Allied occupation]], during which it adopted a [[Constitution of Japan|new constitution]]. Since 1947, Japan has maintained a [[Unitary state|unitary]] [[Parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[constitutional monarchy]] with a [[Bicameralism|bicameral]] legislature, the [[National Diet]].

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Japan is an island country in East Asia, located in the northwest Pacific Ocean. It is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. Tokyo is Japan's capital and largest city.

Japan is the eleventh-most populous country in the world, as well as one of the most densely populated and urbanized. About three-fourths of the country's terrain is mountainous, concentrating its population of 125.57 million on narrow coastal plains.

Japan has been inhabited since the Upper Paleolithic period (30,000 BC), though the first mentions of the archipelago appear in Chinese chronicles from the 1st century AD. Between the 4th and 9th centuries, the kingdoms of Japan became unified under an emperor and his imperial court based in Heian-kyō. Beginning in the 12th century, political power was held by a series of military dictators (shōgun) and feudal lords (daimyō), and enforced by a class of warrior nobility (samurai). After a century-long period of civil war, the country was reunified in 1603 under the Tokugawa shogunate, which enacted an isolationist foreign policy. In 1854, a United States fleet forced Japan to open trade to the West, which led to the end of the shogunate and the restoration of imperial power in 1868. In the Meiji period, the Empire of Japan adopted a Western-styled constitution and pursued a program of industrialization and modernization. In 1937, Japan invaded China; in 1941, it entered World War II as an Axis power. After suffering defeat in the Pacific War and two atomic bombings, Japan surrendered in 1945 and came under a seven-year Allied occupation, during which it adopted a new constitution. Since 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy with a bicameral legislature, the National Diet.

Japan is a great power and a member of numerous international organizations, including the United Nations (since 1956), the OECD, and the Group of Seven. Although it has renounced its right to declare war, the country maintains Self-Defense Forces that are ranked as the world's fourth-most powerful military. After World War II, Japan experienced high economic growth, becoming the second-largest economy in the world by 1990 before being surpassed by China in 2010. Despite stagnant growth since the Lost Decade, the country's economy remains the third-largest by nominal GDP and the fourth-largest by PPP. A leader in the automotive and electronics industries, Japan has made significant contributions to science and technology. Ranked the second-highest country on the Human Development Index in Asia after Singapore, Japan has the world's second-highest life expectancy, though it is experiencing a decline in population. The culture of Japan is well-known around the world, including its art, cuisine, music, and popular culture, which encompasses prominent animation and video game industries.


Notes

Culture: Tokyo - Japanese cinema - Japanese culture - Japanese erotica - Japanese exploitation - Japanese literature - Japanese music - Japonisme - manga - otaku



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