Joachim von Sandrart
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| '''Joachim von Sandrart''' (12 May 1606 – 14 October 1688) was a [[Germany|German]] [[Baroque]] art-historian and [[Painting|painter]], active in [[Amsterdam]] during the [[Dutch Golden Age]]. | '''Joachim von Sandrart''' (12 May 1606 – 14 October 1688) was a [[Germany|German]] [[Baroque]] art-historian and [[Painting|painter]], active in [[Amsterdam]] during the [[Dutch Golden Age]]. | ||
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| - | ==Biography== | ||
| - | Sandrart was born in [[Frankfurt]], but the family originated from [[Mons]]. According to Houbraken (who used his Teutsche Akademie as a primary source), he learned to read and write from the son of [[Theodor de Bry]], Johann Theodoor de Brie and his associate [[Matthäus Merian]], but at age 15 was so eager to learn more of the art of engraving, that he walked from Frankfurt to [[Prague]] to become a pupil of Gillis Sadelaar (also known as Aegidius Sadeler of the [[Sadeler family]]). Sadelaar in turn urged him to paint, whereupon he travelled to [[Utrecht (city)|Utrecht]] in 1625 to become a pupil of [[Gerrit van Honthorst]], and through him he met [[Rubens]] when he brought a visit to Honthorst in 1627, to recruit him for collaboration on part of his [[Marie de' Medici cycle]]. Honthorst took Sandrart along with him when he travelled to [[London]]. There he worked with Honthorst and spent time making copies of [[Hans Holbein the Younger|Holbein]] portraits for the portrait gallery of [[Henry Howard, 22nd Earl of Arundel]]. | ||
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| - | Making all of those copies only served to arouse more curiosity in the young adventurer, and in 1627 Sandrart booked a passage on a ship from London to [[Venice]], where he was welcomed by [[Jan Lis]] (whose [[Bentvueghels]] ''bent'' name was "Pan"), and Nicolaas Ringnerus. He then set out for [[Bologna]], where he was met by his cousin on his father's side [[Michael le Blond]], a celebrated engraver. With him, he crossed the mountains to [[Florence]], and from there on to [[Rome]], where they met [[Pieter van Laer]] (whose bent name was "Bamboccio"). Sandrart became famous as a portrait-painter.{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}} After a few years he undertook a tour of Italy, traveling to [[Naples]], where he drew studies of [[Mount Vesuvius]], believed to be the entrance to the [[Elysian fields]] described by [[Virgil]]. From there he traveled to [[Malta]] and beyond, searching for literary sights to see and paint, and wherever he went he paid his way by selling portraits. Only when he was done traveling did he finally return to Frankfurt, where he married Johanna de Milkau. | ||
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| - | Afraid of political unrest and plague, he moved to Amsterdam with his wife in 1637. | ||
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| - | ==Painting career== | ||
| - | In Amsterdam he worked as a painter of [[genre works]], and portraits. He won a very good following as a painter, winning a lucrative commission for a large commemorative piece for the state visit by [[Maria of Medici]] in 1638, which hangs in the [[Rijksmuseum]]. This piece was commissioned by the Bicker Company of the Amsterdam ''[[schutterij]]'', and shows the members posing around a bust of Maria of Medici, with a poem by [[Joost van den Vondel]] hanging below it. The state visit was a big deal for Amsterdam, as it meant the first formal recognition of the [[Dutch Republic]] of the seven provinces by [[France]]. However, Maria herself was fleeing [[Cardinal Richelieu|Richelieu]] at the time and never returned to France. This piece cemented his reputation as a leading painter, and in 1645 Sandrart decided to cash in and go home when he received an inheritance in Stockau, outside [[Ingolstadt]], he sold his things and moved there. He received 3000 guilders for 2 books of his Italian drawings, that according to Houbraken | ||
| - | were resold in his lifetime for 4555 guilders<ref>[http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/houb005groo01_01/houb005groo01_01_0136.htm Joachim Sandrart biography] in ''De groote schouburgh der Nederlantsche konstschilders en schilderessen'' (1718) by [[Arnold Houbraken]], courtesy of the [[Digital library for Dutch literature]]</ref>. | ||
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| - | Though he rebuilt the old homestead, it was burned by the French. He sold it and moved to [[Augsburg]], where he painted for the family of the Elector of Bavaria. When his wife died in 1672, Sandrart moved to [[Nuremberg]], where he married Hester Barbara Bloemaart, the daughter of a magistrate there. This is where he started writing. | ||
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| - | His large 1649 painting ''Peace-Banquet'' commemorating the [[Peace of Münster]], now hangs in Nuremberg's town hall. | ||
| - | <gallery> | ||
| - | :Image:Sandrart, Joachim von - February - 1642.jpg|Personification of ''February'' (one of a series), 1642 | ||
| - | :Image:Joachim von Sandrart 001.jpg|''November'' (same series). | ||
| - | :Image:Joachim von Sandrart 009.jpg|Painting of [[Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria]], 1643. | ||
| - | :Image:Joachim von Sandrart 008.jpg|Pendant marriage portrait [[Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (1610–1665)]], 1643. | ||
| - | </gallery> | ||
| - | ==Teutsche Akademie== | ||
| - | He is best known as an author of books on art, some of them in [[Latin]], and especially for his historical work, the ''Teutsche Akademie''<ref>[http://ta.sandrart.net Sandrart.net - online version of Teutsche Akademie] in German, but with some English navigation aids</ref>, published between 1675 and 1680, of which there is a more recent edition by Sponsel (1896). This work is a educational compilation of short biographies of artists, that was inspired by [[Karel van Mander]]'s similar ''Schilder-boeck''<ref>[http://www.dbnl.org/titels/titel.php?id=mand001schi01 Schilder-boeck] online version from the [[DBNL]].</ref>. Both Sandrart and van Mander based their [[Italy|Italian]] sections on the work of [[Giorgio Vasari]]. His work in turn became one of the primary sources for [[Arnold Houbraken]]'s ''Schouburg''<ref>[http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/houb005groo01_01 Schouburg] online version from the [[DBNL]].</ref>, who wrote a little poem about him: | ||
| - | {{quote| | ||
| - | Wat arbeid, moeite, en yver, | ||
| - | :''What work, trouble, and dedication,'' | ||
| - | En nazoek dat een Schryver | ||
| - | :''And research that a Writer'' | ||
| - | Steets doen moet, weet niemant; | ||
| - | :''Has to do, knows only'' | ||
| - | Als die 't zelf neemt ter hand. | ||
| - | :''The one who has taken it in hand himself.'' | ||
| - | }} | ||
| - | Sandrart published the first biography of the German artist [[Matthias Grünewald]], and incorrectly bestowed on the artist the name ''Grünewald'' by which he is now popularly known. | ||
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| - | {{commons|Joachim von Sandrart}} | ||
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| - | ==References== | ||
| - | {{Reflist}} | ||
| - | *{{1911}} | ||
| - | * Teutsche Academie der Bau-, Bild- und Mahlerey-Künste, Joachim von Sandrart, Nürnberg 1675, 1679, 1680 | ||
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Joachim von Sandrart (12 May 1606 – 14 October 1688) was a German Baroque art-historian and painter, active in Amsterdam during the Dutch Golden Age.
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