July 5  

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{{Template}} {{Template}}
- +== Art and culture ==
-==Events==+
*[[1687]] – [[Isaac Newton]] publishes ''[[Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica]]''. *[[1687]] – [[Isaac Newton]] publishes ''[[Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica]]''.
-*[[1770]] – The [[Battle of Chesma]] between the [[Russian Empire]] and the [[Ottoman Empire]] begins.+*[[1937]] – [[Spam (food)|Spam]], the luncheon meat, is introduced.
-*[[1775]] – The [[Second Continental Congress]] adopts the [[Olive Branch Petition]].+*[[1946]] – The [[bikini]] goes on sale after debuting during an outdoor fashion show at the [[Piscine Molitor]], Paris, France.
-*[[1803]] – The [[Convention of Artlenburg]] is signed, leading to the French occupation of [[Hanover]] (which had been ruled by the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|British]] king).+*[[1954]] – The [[BBC]] broadcasts its first [[television news]] bulletin.
-*[[1809]] – The [[Battle of Wagram]] is fought.+
-*[[1811]] – [[Venezuela]] declares independence from Spain.+
-*[[1813]] – [[War of 1812]]: Three weeks of [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|British]] raids on [[Fort Schlosser]], [[Black Rock, Buffalo, New York|Black Rock]] and [[Plattsburgh (city), New York|Plattsburgh, New York]] commence.+
-*[[1814]] – War of 1812: [[Battle of Chippawa]] – American [[Major General]] [[Jacob Brown]] defeats [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|British]] [[General]] [[Phineas Riall]] at [[Chippawa, Ontario]].+
-*[[1833]] – [[Lê Văn Khôi]] along with 27 soldiers stage a mutiny taking over the [[Citadel of Saigon|Phiên An citadel]], developing into the [[Lê Văn Khôi revolt]] against Emperor [[Minh Mạng]].+
-* 1833 – [[Admiral]] [[Charles John Napier|Charles Napier]] vanquishes the navy of the [[Kingdom of Portugal|Portuguese]] [[usurper]] [[Dom Miguel]] at the third [[Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1833)|Battle of Cape St. Vincent]].+
-*[[1878]] – The [[coat of arms]] of the [[Baku Governorate]] is established.+
-*[[1884]] – [[German Empire|Germany]] takes possession of [[Kamerun|Cameroon]].+
-*[[1934]] – "[[1934 West Coast waterfront strike|Bloody Thursday]]" – [[Police]] open fire on striking [[longshoremen]] in [[San Francisco]].+
-*[[1935]] – The [[National Labor Relations Act]], which governs labor relations in the United States, is signed into law by [[President]] [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]].+
-*[[1937]] – [[Spam (food)|Spam]], the luncheon meat, is introduced into the market by the [[Hormel|Hormel Foods Corporation]].+
-*[[1940]] – [[World War II]]: The United Kingdom and the [[Vichy France]] government break off [[diplomatic relations]].+
-*[[1941]] – World War II: [[Operation Barbarossa]]: [[Nazi Germany|German]] troops reach the [[Dnieper River]].+
-*[[1943]] – World War II: An [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] invasion fleet sails for [[Sicily]] ([[Operation Husky]], [[July 10]], 1943).+
-* 1943 – World War II: German forces begin a massive offensive against the [[Soviet Union]] at the [[Battle of Kursk]], also known as Operation Citadel.+
-*[[1945]] – World War II: The liberation of the [[Philippines]] is declared.+
-*[[1946]] – The [[bikini]] goes on sale after debuting during an outdoor fashion show at the Molitor Pool in Paris, France.+
-*[[1948]] – [[National Health Service]] Acts creates the national public health systems in the United Kingdom.+
-*[[1950]] – [[Korean War]]: [[Task Force Smith]]: American and [[North Korea]]n forces first clash, in the [[Battle of Osan]].+
-* 1950 – [[Zionism]]: The [[Knesset]] passes the [[Law of Return]] which grants all [[Jews]] the right to immigrate to [[Israel]].+
-*[[1954]] – The [[BBC]] broadcasts its first [[television]] news bulletin.+
-* 1954 – The [[Andhra Pradesh High Court]] was established.+
-*[[1962]] – [[Algeria]] becomes independent from France.+
-*[[1971]] – [[Right to vote]]: The [[Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution]], lowering the [[voting age]] from 21 to 18 years, is formally certified by [[President]] [[Richard Nixon]].+
-*[[1973]] – A [[BLEVE]] (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) in [[Kingman, Arizona]], following a fire that broke out as [[propane]] was being transferred from a railroad car to a storage tank, [[Kingman Explosion|kills eleven firefighters]].+
-*[[1975]] – [[Arthur Ashe]] becomes the first black man to win the [[The Championships, Wimbledon|Wimbledon]] singles title.+
-* 1975 – [[Cape Verde]] gains its independence from Portugal.+
-*[[1977]] – [[Military coup]] in [[Pakistan]]: [[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]], the first elected [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]], is overthrown.+
-*[[1987]] – The [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam|LTTE]] uses suicide attacks on the [[Sri Lankan Army]] for the first time. The [[Black Tigers]] were born and, in the following years, continued to kill with the tactic.+
-*[[1989]] – [[Iran–Contra affair]]: [[Oliver North]] is sentenced by [[U.S. District Judge]] [[Gerhard A. Gesell]] to a three-year suspended prison term, two years probation, $150,000 in fines and 1,200 hours community service. His convictions were later overturned.+
-*[[1995]] – The [[Armenia|Republic of Armenia]] adopts its constitution, four years after its independence from the [[Soviet Union]].+
*[[1996]] – [[Dolly (sheep)|Dolly the sheep]] becomes the first mammal cloned from an adult cell. *[[1996]] – [[Dolly (sheep)|Dolly the sheep]] becomes the first mammal cloned from an adult cell.
-*[[1999]] – [[Wolverhampton]], England is hit by storms, including a [[tornado]]. The area was hit again with severe storms on August 1. 
-* 1999 – U.S. President [[Bill Clinton]] imposes trade and economic [[UN Security Council Resolution 1267|sanctions against the Taliban regime in Afghanistan]]. 
-*[[2004]] – The first [[Indonesian presidential election, 2004|Indonesian presidential election]] is held. 
-*[[2006]] – [[North Korea]] [[North Korean missile test, 2006|tests four short-range missiles]], one medium-range missile and a long-range [[Taepodong-2]]. The long-range Taepodong-2 reportedly failed in mid-air over the [[Sea of Japan]]. 
-*[[2009]] – A series of violent riots [[July 2009 Ürümqi riots|break out]] in [[Ürümqi]], the capital city of the [[Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region]] in the People's Republic of China. 
-* 2009 – The largest hoard of [[Anglo-Saxon]] gold ever discovered, consisting of more than 1,500 items, [[Staffordshire Hoard|is found]] near the village of [[Hammerwich]], near [[Lichfield]], in [[Staffordshire]], England. 
-*[[2012]] – [[The Shard]] in London is inaugurated as the [[List of tallest buildings in Europe|tallest building in Europe]], with a height of 310 metres (1,020 ft). 
- 
-== Art and culture == 
-*[[1830]] - [[France]] invades [[Algeria]]. 
-*[[1946]] - The [[bikini]] is introduced in [[Paris, France]]. 
- 
== Births == == Births ==
*[[1810]] - [[P.T. Barnum]], American circus owner (d. [[1891]]) *[[1810]] - [[P.T. Barnum]], American circus owner (d. [[1891]])

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