Lists of shapes
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| + | [[Image:Black Square by Malevich.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''[[Black Square]]'' (1915) by [[Kazimir Malevich]]]] | ||
| + | [[Image:Bracelli.jpeg|thumb|right|200px|From the ''[[Bizzarie di varie figure]]'' ([[1624]]) by [[Giovanni Battista Braccelli]]]] | ||
| + | [[Image:Bracelli_2.jpeg|thumb|right|200px|From the ''[[Bizzarie di varie figure]]'' ([[1624]]) by [[Giovanni Battista Braccelli]]]] | ||
| + | [[Image:Flatland.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''[[Flatland|Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions]]'', [[1884]], [[Edwin Abbott Abbott]]]] | ||
| {{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
| - | The '''shape''' (from Old English: ''created thing'') of an object located in some space is a geometrical description of the part of that space occupied by the object, as determined by its external boundary – abstracting from [[orientation (geometry)|location and orientation]] in space, [[dimension|size]], and other properties such as colour, content, and material composition. | ||
| - | Mathematician and statistician [[David George Kendall]] writes: | + | This is a list of two-dimensional [[geometric shape]]s. For objects in three or more dimensions, see [[list of polygons, polyhedra and polytopes]] and [[list of mathematical shapes]]. |
| + | |||
| + | ==Generally composed of straight line segments== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[concave polygon]] | ||
| + | * [[constructible polygon]] | ||
| + | * [[convex polygon]] | ||
| + | * [[cyclic polygon]] | ||
| + | * [[equiangular polygon]] | ||
| + | * [[equilateral polygon]] | ||
| + | * [[regular polygon]] | ||
| + | * [[Penrose tile]] | ||
| + | * [[polydrafter]] | ||
| + | * [[balbis]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[henagon]] | ||
| + | * [[digon]] | ||
| + | * [[triangle]] | ||
| + | ** [[acute triangle]] | ||
| + | ** [[anticomplementary triangle]] | ||
| + | ** [[equilateral triangle]] | ||
| + | ** [[excentral triangle]] | ||
| + | ** [[isosceles triangle]] | ||
| + | ** [[medial triangle]] | ||
| + | ** [[obtuse triangle]] | ||
| + | ** [[rational triangle]] | ||
| + | ** [[right triangle]] | ||
| + | *** [[30-60-90 triangle]] | ||
| + | *** [[isosceles right triangle]] | ||
| + | *** [[Kepler triangle]] | ||
| + | ** [[scalene triangle]] | ||
| + | * [[quadrilateral]] | ||
| + | ** [[cyclic quadrilateral]] | ||
| + | ***[[Square (geometry)|square]] | ||
| + | ** [[kite (geometry)|kite]] | ||
| + | ** [[parallelogram]] | ||
| + | *** [[rhombus]] (equilateral parallelogram) | ||
| + | **** [[Lozenge]] | ||
| + | *** [[rhomboid]] | ||
| + | *** [[rectangle]] | ||
| + | **** [[square (geometry)|square]] (regular quadrilateral) | ||
| + | ** [[tangential quadrilateral]] | ||
| + | ** [[trapezoid]] or trapezium | ||
| + | *** [[isosceles trapezoid]] | ||
| + | * [[pentagon]] | ||
| + | ** [[regular pentagon]] | ||
| + | * [[hexagon]] | ||
| + | ** [[Lemoine hexagon]] | ||
| + | * [[heptagon]] | ||
| + | * [[octagon]] | ||
| + | ** [[regular octagon]] | ||
| + | * [[nonagon]] | ||
| + | * [[decagon]] | ||
| + | ** [[regular decagon]] | ||
| + | * [[hendecagon]] | ||
| + | * [[dodecagon]] | ||
| + | * [[hexadecagon]] | ||
| + | * [[icosagon]] | ||
| + | ** [[swastika]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[Star (polygon)|star]] without crossing lines | ||
| + | * [[star polygon]] | ||
| + | ** [[hexagram]] | ||
| + | *** [[star of David]] | ||
| + | ** [[heptagram]] | ||
| + | ** [[octagram]] | ||
| + | *** [[star of Lakshmi]] | ||
| + | ** [[Decagram_(geometry)|decagram]] | ||
| + | ** [[pentagram]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Curved== | ||
| + | * [[annulus (mathematics)|annulus]] | ||
| + | * [[arbelos]] | ||
| + | * [[circle]] | ||
| + | ** [[disk (mathematics)|disc]] | ||
| + | ** [[Archimedes' twin circles]] | ||
| + | ** [[Bankoff circle]] | ||
| + | ** [[circumcircle]] | ||
| + | ** [[excircle]] | ||
| + | ** [[incircle]] | ||
| + | ** [[nine-point circle]] | ||
| + | * [[circular sector]] | ||
| + | * [[circular segment]] | ||
| + | * [[crescent]] | ||
| + | * [[ellipse]] | ||
| + | * various [[Lemniscate (disambiguation)|lemniscate]]s | ||
| + | * [[Lune (mathematics)|lune]] | ||
| + | * [[Oval (geometry)|oval]] | ||
| + | * [[Reuleaux polygon]] | ||
| + | ** [[Reuleaux triangle]] | ||
| + | * [[lens (geometry)|lens]], [[vesica piscis]] (fish bladder) | ||
| + | * [[salinon]] | ||
| + | * [[semicircle]] | ||
| + | * [[sphere]] | ||
| + | * [[tomoe]], [[magatama]] | ||
| + | * [[triquetra]] | ||
| + | * [[Yin-Yang]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Not composed of circular arcs=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[Archimedean spiral]] | ||
| + | * [[astroid]] | ||
| + | * [[deltoid curve|deltoid]] | ||
| + | * [[ellipse]] | ||
| + | * [[super ellipse]] | ||
| + | * [[tomahawk (geometric shape)|tomahawk]] | ||
| - | <blockquote>In this paper ‘shape’ is used in the vulgar sense, and means what one would normally expect it to mean. [...] We here define ‘shape’ informally as ‘all the geometrical information that remains when location, scale and rotational effects are filtered out from an object.’</blockquote> | ||
| - | Simple shapes can be described by basic [[geometry]] objects such as a set of two or more [[Point (geometry)|points]], a [[line (geometry)|line]], a [[curve]], a [[plane (geometry)|plane]], a [[plane figure]] (e.g. [[square (geometry)|square]] or [[circle]]), or a solid figure (e.g. [[cube]] or [[sphere]]). Most shapes occurring in the physical world are complex. Some, such as plant structures and coastlines, may be so arbitrary as to defy traditional mathematical description – in which case they may be analyzed by [[differential geometry]], or as [[fractal]]s. | ||
| - | == See also == | ||
| - | * [[List of geometric shapes]] | ||
| - | * [[Glossary of shapes with metaphorical names]] | ||
| - | * [[Visual appearance]] | ||
| - | * [[Mathematical morphology|Morphology]] | ||
| - | * [[Equidimensional]] | ||
| - | * [[Shape waves]] | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Revision as of 13:25, 6 February 2014
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This is a list of two-dimensional geometric shapes. For objects in three or more dimensions, see list of polygons, polyhedra and polytopes and list of mathematical shapes.
Generally composed of straight line segments
- concave polygon
- constructible polygon
- convex polygon
- cyclic polygon
- equiangular polygon
- equilateral polygon
- regular polygon
- Penrose tile
- polydrafter
- balbis
- henagon
- digon
- triangle
- quadrilateral
- pentagon
- hexagon
- heptagon
- octagon
- nonagon
- decagon
- hendecagon
- dodecagon
- hexadecagon
- icosagon
- star without crossing lines
- star polygon
Curved
- annulus
- arbelos
- circle
- circular sector
- circular segment
- crescent
- ellipse
- various lemniscates
- lune
- oval
- Reuleaux polygon
- lens, vesica piscis (fish bladder)
- salinon
- semicircle
- sphere
- tomoe, magatama
- triquetra
- Yin-Yang
Not composed of circular arcs
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "List of geometric shapes" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
