Logic
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+ | [[There will be a sea-battle tomorrow]] --Aristotle | ||
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[[Image:The Sleep of Reason.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''[[The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters]]'' is a print by [[Francisco Goya]] from the ''[[Caprichos]]'' series]] | [[Image:The Sleep of Reason.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''[[The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters]]'' is a print by [[Francisco Goya]] from the ''[[Caprichos]]'' series]] | ||
{{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
- | '''Logic''' (from [[Ancient Greek|Classical Greek]] [[logos]]; meaning word, thought, idea, argument, account, reason, or principle) is the study of the principles and criteria of valid [[inference]] and [[demonstration (proof)|demonstration]]. | + | '''Logic''' (from ''[[logos]]'') is the branch of [[philosophy]] concerned with the use and study of valid [[reasoning]]. The study of logic also features prominently in [[mathematics]] and [[computer science]]. |
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+ | Logic was studied in several ancient civilizations, including [[India]], [[Persia]] and [[Ancient Greece|Greece]]. In the West, logic was established as a formal [[Discipline (academia)|discipline]] by [[Aristotle]], who gave it a fundamental place in philosophy. The study of logic was part of the classical [[trivium]], which also included [[grammar]] and [[rhetoric]]. Logic was further extended by [[Al-Farabi]] who categorized it into two separate groups (idea and proof). Later, [[Avicenna]] revived the study of logic and developed relationship between temporalis and the implication. In the East, logic was developed by [[Hinduism|Hindus]], [[Buddhism|Buddhists]] and [[Jainism|Jains]]. | ||
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+ | Logic is often divided into three parts: [[inductive reasoning]], [[abductive reasoning]], and [[deductive reasoning]]. | ||
==Namesakes== | ==Namesakes== | ||
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* [[Deduction]] and [[induction]] | * [[Deduction]] and [[induction]] | ||
* [[Fallacies]] | * [[Fallacies]] | ||
- | * [[Illogical]] | ||
* [[Mathematics]] | * [[Mathematics]] | ||
* [[Metalogic]] | * [[Metalogic]] |
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There will be a sea-battle tomorrow --Aristotle |
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Logic (from logos) is the branch of philosophy concerned with the use and study of valid reasoning. The study of logic also features prominently in mathematics and computer science.
Logic was studied in several ancient civilizations, including India, Persia and Greece. In the West, logic was established as a formal discipline by Aristotle, who gave it a fundamental place in philosophy. The study of logic was part of the classical trivium, which also included grammar and rhetoric. Logic was further extended by Al-Farabi who categorized it into two separate groups (idea and proof). Later, Avicenna revived the study of logic and developed relationship between temporalis and the implication. In the East, logic was developed by Hindus, Buddhists and Jains.
Logic is often divided into three parts: inductive reasoning, abductive reasoning, and deductive reasoning.
Namesakes
- The Logic of Sense (1969) by Gilles Deleuze
See also
- Wason selection task
- Deduction and induction
- Fallacies
- Mathematics
- Metalogic
- Outline of logic
- Philosophy
- Reason
- Straight and Crooked Thinking (book)
- Truth