Media psychology
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| - | In communication, '''media''' (singular '''medium''') are the [[data storage device|storage]] and [[data transmission|transmission]] channels or tools used to [[recording|store]] and deliver [[information]] or [[data]]. It is often referred to as synonymous with [[mass media]] or [[news media]], but may refer to a single medium used to communicate any data for any purpose. | + | '''Media Psychology''' seeks an understanding of how people perceive, interpret, use, and respond to a media-rich world. In doing so, media psychologists can identify potential benefits and problems and promote the development of positive media. |
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| - | ==Evolution== | + | |
| - | The beginning of human communication through artificial channels, i.e. not [[vocalization]] or gestures, goes back to ancient [[cave paintings]], drawn maps, and [[writing]]. | + | |
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| - | The [[Persian Empire]] (centred around present-day [[Iran]]) played an important role in the field of communication. They devised what might be described as the first real mail or [[postal system]], which is said to have been developed by the [[Persian people|Persian]] emperor [[Cyrus the Great]] (c. 550 BC) after his conquest of [[Medes|Media]]. The role of the system as an intelligence gathering apparatus is well documented, and the service was (later) called ''angariae'', a term that in time turned to indicate a tax system. The [[Old Testament]] ([[Esther]], VIII) makes mention of this system: [[Xerxes I|Ahasuerus]], king of Medes, used couriers for communicating his decisions. | + | |
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| - | The word '''''communication''''' is derived from the [[Latin]] root ''communicare''. This was due to the [[Roman Empire]] also devising what might be described as a [[mail]] or postal system, in order to centralize control of the empire from [[Rome]]. This allowed for [[personal letter]]s and for Rome to gather knowledge about events in its many widespread provinces. More advanced postal systems later appeared in the Islamic [[Caliphate]] and the [[Mongol Empire]] during the [[Middle Ages]]. | + | |
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| - | The adoption of a dominant communication medium is important enough that historians have folded civilization into "ages" according to the medium most widely used. A book titled "Five Epochs of Civilization" by William McGaughey (Thistlerose, 2000) divides history into the following stages: Ideographic writing produced the first civilization; alphabetic writing, the second; printing, the third; electronic recording and broadcasting, the fourth; and computer communication, the fifth. The media affects what people think about themselves and how they perceive people as well. What we think about self image and what others should look like comes from the media. | + | |
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| - | While it could be argued that these "Epochs" are just a historian's construction, digital and computer communication shows concrete evidence of changing the way humans organize. The latest [[Fads and trends|trend]] in communication, termed [[Smart mob|smartmobbing]], involves ad-hoc organization through mobile devices, allowing for effective many-to-many communication and [[social network]]ing. | + | |
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| - | ===Electronic media=== | + | |
| - | In the last century, a revolution in [[telecommunications]] has greatly altered communication by providing new media for long distance communication. The [[Reginald Aubrey Fessenden|first transatlantic two-way radio broadcast]] occurred in 1906 and led to common communication via analogue and digital media: | + | |
| - | * [[analog (signal)|Analog]] telecommunications include traditional [[telephony]], [[radio]], and [[Television|TV]] broadcasts. | + | |
| - | * [[Digital]] telecommunications allow for [[computer-mediated communication]], [[telegraphy]], and [[computer network]]s. | + | |
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| - | Modern communication media now allow for intense long-distance exchanges between larger numbers of people ([[many-to-many]] communication via [[e-mail]], [[Internet forum]]s, and teleportation). On the other hand, many traditional broadcast media and mass media favor [[one-to-many]] communication (television, [[film|cinema]], radio, [[newspaper]], [[magazine]]s, and also teleportation). | + | |
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| - | ===Social impact=== | + | |
| - | [[Media technology]] has made communicating increasingly easier as time has passed throughout history. Today, children are encouraged to use media tools in school and are expected to have a general understanding of the various technologies available. The internet is arguably one of the most effective tools in media for communication. Tools such as e-mail, [[MSN]], [[Facebook]] etc., have brought people closer together and created new [[online community|online communities]]. However, some may argue that certain types of media can hinder face-to-face communication and therefore can result in complications like [[identity fraud]]. | + | |
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| - | In a large consumer-driven society, [[electronic media]] (such as television) and [[print media]] (such as [[newspapers]]) are important for distributing [[Advertisement#Media|advertisement media]]. More technologically advanced societies have access to goods and services through [[new media|newer media]] than less technologically advanced societies. | + | |
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| - | Media, through media and communications psychology, has helped to connect diverse people from far and near geographical location. It has also helped in the aspect of on- line/ internet business and other activities that has an on-line version. All media intended to affect human behavior is initiatied through communication and the intended behavior is coucned in psychology. Therefore, understanding media and communications psychology is fundamental in understanding the social and individual effects of media. The expanding field of media and communications psychology combines these established disciplines in a new way. | + | |
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| - | Timing change based on innovation and efficiency may not have a direct correlation with technology. The [[information revolution]] is based on modern advancements. During the 19th century, the information "boom" exploded with advancement of postal systems, increase in newspaper accessibility, as well as schools "modernizing". These advancements were made due to the increase of people becoming literate and educated.{{Citation needed|date=October 2009}} The methodology of communication although has changed and dispersed in numerous directions based on the source of its [[sociocultural]] impact. The [[sociopsychomedia effect]] coined by media and learning psychologist Bernard Luskin applies the sociocultural implications of media to society and human behavior. | + | |
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| - | ==See also== | + | |
| - | *[[Media psychology]] | + | |
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Revision as of 22:01, 25 August 2010
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Media Psychology seeks an understanding of how people perceive, interpret, use, and respond to a media-rich world. In doing so, media psychologists can identify potential benefits and problems and promote the development of positive media.
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Media psychology" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
