Motivation
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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Motivation is the driving force by which we achieve our goals. Motivation is said to be intrinsic or extrinsic. The term is generally used for humans but it can also be used to describe the causes for animal behavior as well. This article refers to human motivation. According to various theories, motivation may be rooted in a basic need to minimize physical pain and maximize pleasure, or it may include specific needs such as eating and resting, or a desired object, goal, state of being, ideal, or it may be attributed to less-apparent reasons such as altruism, selfishness, morality, or avoiding mortality. Conceptually, motivation should not be confused with either volition or optimism. Motivation is related to, but distinct from, emotion.
Drive theory
Drive theory grows out of the concept that we have certain biological drives, such as hunger. As time passes the strength of the drive increases if it is not satisfied (in this case by eating). Upon satisfying a drive the drive's strength is reduced. The theory is based on diverse ideas from the theories of Freud to the ideas of feedback control systems, such as a thermostat.
See also
- Academy of Management
- Addiction
- Amotivational syndrome
- Andragogy
- Aptitude
- Behavior
- Equity theory
- Flow
- Health Action Process Approach
- Human behavior
- Human Potential Movement
- Humanism
- Humanistic psychology
- I-Change Model
- Incentive program
- Locus of control
- Motivation crowding theory
- Operant conditioning
- Organismic theory
- Organizational behavior
- Palatability
- Personality psychology
- Preference
- Regulatory Focus Theory
- Self-determination theory
- Self-efficacy
- Social cycle theory
- Successories
- Theory Z of Ouchi
- Volition
- Happiness at work
- Positive Psychology in the Workplace
- Positive education
- Work engagement
