Myers–Briggs Type Indicator
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| - | :''"Psychological type" redirects here. See [[Psychological Types]] for the work by Jung.'' | ||
| - | The concept of '''personality type''' refers to the psychological classification of different types of individuals. Personality types are sometimes distinguished from [[trait theory|personality traits]], with the latter embodying a smaller grouping of behavioral tendencies. Types are sometimes said to involve ''qualitative'' differences between people, whereas traits might be construed as ''quantitative'' differences. According to type theories, for example, introverts and extraverts are two fundamentally different categories of people. According to trait theories, introversion and extraversion are part of a [[Continuum (theory)|continuous]] dimension, with many people in the middle. While typologies of all sorts have existed throughout time the most influential idea of psychological types originated in the theoretical work of [[Carl Jung]], published as ''[[Psychological Types]]'' in 1921. | ||
| - | Other typologies such as [[Socionics]], [[MBTI]], and [[Keirsey Temperament Sorter]] all have roots in Jungian philosophy. | ||
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| - | == Usage == | ||
| - | * One example of personality types is [[Type A and Type B personality theory]]. According to this theory, impatient, achievement-oriented people are classified as Type A, whereas easy-going, relaxed individuals are designated as Type B. The theory originally suggested that Type A individuals were more at risk for [[coronary heart disease]], but this claim has not been supported by empirical research. | ||
| - | * Developmental psychologist [[Jerome Kagan]] is a prominent contemporary advocate of type theory. He suggests that shy, withdrawn children are best viewed as having an inhibited temperament, which is qualitatively different from other children. | ||
| - | * As a matter of convenience, trait theorists sometimes use the term "type" to describe someone who scores exceptionally high or low on a particular personality trait. [[Hans Eysenck]] refers to superordinate personality factors as ''types'', and more specific associated traits as ''traits''. | ||
| - | * Several [[pop psychology]] theories (e.g., ''[[Men Are From Mars, Women Are From Venus]]'', the [[Enneagram of Personality|enneagram]]) rely on the idea of distinctively different types of people. | ||
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| - | == Criticism == | ||
| - | The term "type" has not been used consistently in psychology and has become the source of some confusion. Furthermore, because [[personality test]] scores usually fall on a [[bell curve]] rather than in distinct categories, personality type theories have received considerable criticism among [[psychometric]] researchers. One study that directly compared a "type" instrument (the [[Myers-Briggs Type Indicator|MBTI]]) to a "trait" instrument (the [[Revised NEO Personality Inventory|NEO PI]]) found that the trait measure was a better predictor of personality disorders. | ||
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| - | Because of these problems, personality type theories have fallen out of favor in psychology. Most researchers now believe that it is impossible to explain the diversity of human personality with a small number of discrete types. They recommend trait models instead, such as the [[big five personality traits|five factor model]]. | ||
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| - | == Major theories == | ||
| + | The '''Myers-Briggs Type Indicator''' (MBTI) assessment is a [[Psychometrics|psychometric]] questionnaire designed to measure [[Psychology|psychological]] preferences in how people perceive the world and make decisions. | ||
| + | ==See also== | ||
| + | * [[Big Five personality traits]] | ||
| * [[DISC assessment]] | * [[DISC assessment]] | ||
| * [[Enneagram of Personality]] | * [[Enneagram of Personality]] | ||
| - | * [[Four Temperaments]] | + | * [[False dilemma]] |
| + | * [[Family therapy]] | ||
| + | * [[Holland Codes]] | ||
| * [[Humorism]] | * [[Humorism]] | ||
| - | * [[Keirsey Temperament Sorter|Keirsey Temperament Theory]] | + | * [[Interaction Styles]] |
| - | * [[Myers-Briggs Type Indicator]] | + | * [[Interpersonal compatibility]] |
| + | * [[Keirsey Temperament Sorter]] | ||
| * [[Socionics]] | * [[Socionics]] | ||
| - | * [[Type A and Type B personality theory]] | + | * [[List of tests]] |
| + | * [[Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory]] (MMPI) | ||
| + | * [[Personality psychology]] | ||
| + | * [[Psychometrics]] | ||
| + | * [[Kingdomality]] Personal Preference Profile | ||
| - | == See also == | ||
| - | * [[Big Five personality traits]] | ||
| - | * [[Personality psychology]] | ||
| - | * [[Trait theory]] | ||
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The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) assessment is a psychometric questionnaire designed to measure psychological preferences in how people perceive the world and make decisions.
[edit]
See also
- Big Five personality traits
- DISC assessment
- Enneagram of Personality
- False dilemma
- Family therapy
- Holland Codes
- Humorism
- Interaction Styles
- Interpersonal compatibility
- Keirsey Temperament Sorter
- Socionics
- List of tests
- Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
- Personality psychology
- Psychometrics
- Kingdomality Personal Preference Profile
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