Ninety-five Theses
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
| Revision as of 13:53, 4 November 2016 Jahsonic (Talk | contribs) ← Previous diff |
Revision as of 13:53, 4 November 2016 Jahsonic (Talk | contribs) Next diff → |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| {{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
| - | The '''''Ninety-five Theses''''' or '''''Disputation on the Power of Indulgences''''' (Disputatio pro declaratione virtutis indulgentiarum). Luther usually called them "{{lang|de|''meine Propositiones''}}" (my propositions).{{sfn|Cummings|2002|p=32}}}}) are a list of propositions for an academic [[disputation]] written by [[Martin Luther]] in 1517. They advance Luther's positions against what he saw as abusive practices by preachers selling plenary [[indulgences]], which were certificates which would reduce the temporal punishment for sins committed by the purchaser or their loved ones in [[purgatory]]. Luther sent the ''Theses'' to [[Albert of Brandenburg]], the [[Archbishop of Mainz]], on 31 October 1517, a date now considered the start of the [[Protestant Reformation]]. Luther may have also posted the ''Theses'' on the door of [[All Saints' Church, Wittenberg]], probably in mid-November. | + | The '''''Ninety-five Theses''''' or '''''Disputation on the Power of Indulgences''''' (Disputatio pro declaratione virtutis indulgentiarum) are a list of propositions for an academic [[disputation]] written by [[Martin Luther]] in 1517. They advance Luther's positions against what he saw as abusive practices by preachers selling plenary [[indulgences]], which were certificates which would reduce the temporal punishment for sins committed by the purchaser or their loved ones in [[purgatory]]. Luther sent the ''Theses'' to [[Albert of Brandenburg]], the [[Archbishop of Mainz]], on 31 October 1517, a date now considered the start of the [[Protestant Reformation]]. Luther may have also posted the ''Theses'' on the door of [[All Saints' Church, Wittenberg]], probably in mid-November. |
Revision as of 13:53, 4 November 2016
|
Related e |
|
Featured: |
The Ninety-five Theses or Disputation on the Power of Indulgences (Disputatio pro declaratione virtutis indulgentiarum) are a list of propositions for an academic disputation written by Martin Luther in 1517. They advance Luther's positions against what he saw as abusive practices by preachers selling plenary indulgences, which were certificates which would reduce the temporal punishment for sins committed by the purchaser or their loved ones in purgatory. Luther sent the Theses to Albert of Brandenburg, the Archbishop of Mainz, on 31 October 1517, a date now considered the start of the Protestant Reformation. Luther may have also posted the Theses on the door of All Saints' Church, Wittenberg, probably in mid-November.
Reaction to the Ninety-Five Theses
According to some, the Ninety-Five Theses gained enormous popularity over a very short period of time. Luther's ideas resonated with people regardless of class, status, or wealth, at a time when such concepts were crucial to the social order.
On June 15, 1520, Pope Leo X issued a rebuttal to Luther's 95 Theses, a papal encyclical titled Exsurge Domine. This document outlined the Magisterium of the Catholic Church's findings of where Luther had erred.
Some of the theological concepts which Luther raised still divide the Christian Church today. These questions plagued Luther, who often resorted to mortification of the flesh so as to attempt to be perfectly contrite before God. Erasmus counseled Luther to wait until scholarship was sufficient to permit reform to be more accurate than a total dependence on the Bible, which generated Anabaptism, Protestantism, and, in the modern era, Evangelicalism. Meanwhile, Luther's Theses became a declaration of independence in Northern Europe, around which rallied enormous social changes, like the decline of feudalism, and the rise of commercialism.
As early as October 27, 1521, the chapel at Wittenberg suppressed private Masses. In 1522, much of the city began celebrating Lutheran services instead of Roman Catholic. Luther's popularity grew rapidly, mostly due to the general Roman Catholic church member's dissatisfaction with the corruption and "worldly" desires and habits of the Roman Curia.
