Pope Damasus I
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| - | The so-called '''''Decretum Gelasianum''''' or '''Gelasian Decree''' was traditionally attributed to the prolific [[Pope Gelasius I]], bishop of Rome 492–496. In surviving manuscripts the [[Decretal]] exists on its own and also appended to a list of books of Scripture titled as attested as canonical by a [[Council of Rome]] under [[Pope Damasus I]], bishop of Rome 366–383. Since that list contains a quotation from [[Augustine of Hippo|Augustine]], writing about 416, it is evident that the title ''Incipit Concilium Vrbis Romae sub Damaso Papa de Explanatione Fidei,'' the so-called '''Damasine List,''' is of no historical value. Although the canon presented herein represents the same canon as shown in the council of carthage Canon 24, 415 AD. | ||
| - | The Decretal include a list of works adjudged [[apocrypha]]l "by Pope Gelasius and seventy most erudite bishops." Though the ascriptions are generally agreed to be apocryphal themselves, except among the most traditional of apologists, perhaps reflecting the seventy translators of the [[Septuagint]] and the [[Seventy Disciples|seventy apostles]] sent out in ''Luke'', this list ''de libris recipiendis et non recipiendis'' ("of books to be admitted and not to be admitted"), probably originating in the 6th century, represents a tradition that can be traced back to [[Pope Damasus I]] and reflects Roman practice in the development of the [[Biblical canon]]. In the list of gospels, the order is given as Matthew, Mark, Luke, John. Fourteen epistles are credited to Paul including [[Epistle to Philemon |Philemon]] and Hebrews. Of the [[General Epistles]] seven are accepted: two of Peter, one of James, one of the apostle John, two of "[[John the Presbyter| the other John the elder]]" (presbyter), and one of "[[Jude|Judas the Zealot]]". | + | He was born around 305,<ref>The Liturgy of the Hours, Vol. I, December 11.</ref> probably near the city of [[Idanha-a-Velha]] (in [[Lusitania]], [[Hispania]]), in what is present-day [[Portugal]], or near the city of [[Castelo Branco, Portugal|Castelo Branco]] (also in Lusitania, now [[Central Portugal]]), then part of the [[Western Roman Empire]]. His life coincided with the rise of [[Constantine I]] and the reunion and redivision of the [[Western Roman Empire|Western]] and [[Eastern Roman Empire]]s, associated with the widespread legitimization of [[Christianity]] and the later adoption of Christianity as the religion of the Roman state. |
| - | The ''Decretum'' is in several parts: the second part is a canon catalogue, and the fifth part is a catalogue of the '[[apocrypha]]' and other writings which are to be rejected. The canon catalogue gives 26 books of the New Testament(Parts 1, 3, and 4 are not relevant to the canon.) | + | Damasus is known to have been raised in the service of the [[Basilica]] of [[San Lorenzo fuori le Mura]] in [[Rome]], and following the death of Pope [[Liberius]], he succeeded to the Papacy amidst factional violence. A group of Damasus' supporters, previously loyal to the [[Antipope Felix II]], attacked and killed rivals loyal to Liberius' [[deacon]] [[Antipope Ursicinus|Ursinus]], in a [[riot]] that required the intervention of [[Roman Emperors|Emperor]] [[Valentinian I]] to quell. |
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| + | Damasus faced accusations of murder and adultery (despite having not been married<ref>M. Walsh, ''Butler's Lives of the Saints'' (HarperCollins Publishers: New York, 1991), 413.</ref>) in his early years as pope. The neutrality of these claims have come into question with some suggesting that the accusations were motivated by the schismatic conflict with the supporters of [[Arianism]]. His personal problems were contrasted with his religious accomplishments, which included restoring Saint Lawrence outside the Walls, appointing [[Jerome]] as his personal secretary and encouraging his [[Vulgate]] translation of the [[bible]], and presiding over the [[Council of Rome]] in 382, which set down the [[Biblical canon|canon of scripture]]. He also did much to encourage the veneration of the [[Christian martyrs|martyrs]].<ref>M. Walsh, ''Butler's Lives of the Saints'' (HarperCollins Publishers: New York, 1991), 414.</ref> | ||
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He was born around 305,<ref>The Liturgy of the Hours, Vol. I, December 11.</ref> probably near the city of Idanha-a-Velha (in Lusitania, Hispania), in what is present-day Portugal, or near the city of Castelo Branco (also in Lusitania, now Central Portugal), then part of the Western Roman Empire. His life coincided with the rise of Constantine I and the reunion and redivision of the Western and Eastern Roman Empires, associated with the widespread legitimization of Christianity and the later adoption of Christianity as the religion of the Roman state.
Damasus is known to have been raised in the service of the Basilica of San Lorenzo fuori le Mura in Rome, and following the death of Pope Liberius, he succeeded to the Papacy amidst factional violence. A group of Damasus' supporters, previously loyal to the Antipope Felix II, attacked and killed rivals loyal to Liberius' deacon Ursinus, in a riot that required the intervention of Emperor Valentinian I to quell.
Damasus faced accusations of murder and adultery (despite having not been married<ref>M. Walsh, Butler's Lives of the Saints (HarperCollins Publishers: New York, 1991), 413.</ref>) in his early years as pope. The neutrality of these claims have come into question with some suggesting that the accusations were motivated by the schismatic conflict with the supporters of Arianism. His personal problems were contrasted with his religious accomplishments, which included restoring Saint Lawrence outside the Walls, appointing Jerome as his personal secretary and encouraging his Vulgate translation of the bible, and presiding over the Council of Rome in 382, which set down the canon of scripture. He also did much to encourage the veneration of the martyrs.<ref>M. Walsh, Butler's Lives of the Saints (HarperCollins Publishers: New York, 1991), 414.</ref>
