Poverty  

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 +'''Poverty''' is understood in many senses <ref>P Spicker, S Alvarez Leguizamon, D Gordon,(eds) 2007, Poverty: an international glossary.</ref>. The main understandings of the term include:
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 +*Descriptions of material need, typically including the necessities of daily living (food, clothing, shelter, and health care). Poverty in this sense may be understood as a condition in which a person or community is deprived of, and or lacks the essentials for a minimum standard of well-being and life. These essentials may be material resources such as [[food]], safe [[drinking water]], and [[shelter]], or they may be social resources such as [[information access|access to information]], [[education]], [[health care]], [[social status]], [[political power]],<ref>[http://www.journalofpoverty.org/JOPPURP/JOPPURP.HTM Journal of Poverty]</ref> or the opportunity to develop meaningful connections with other people in society.<ref>[http://www.paho.org/english/sha/be_v23n1-glossary.htm A Glossary for Social Epidemiology] Nancy Krieger, PhD, [[Harvard School of Public Health]]</ref>
 +*Descriptions of social relationships and need, including social exclusion <ref>H Silver, 1994, social exclusion and social solidarity, in International Labour Review, 133 5-6</ref>, dependency <ref>G Simmel, The poor, Social Problems 1965 13 </ref>, and the ability to participate in society <ref>P Townsend, 1979, Poverty in the UK, Penguin</ref>. This would include education and information.
 +*Describing a (persistent) lack of income and wealth. The World Bank, for example, uses a global indicator of incomes or $1 or $2 a day. In relative terms disparities in income or wealth [[income disparity|income disparities]] are seen as an indicator of poverty and the condition of poverty is linked to questions of scarcity and distribution of resources and power.
 +
 +The World Bank's "Voices of the Poor" <ref>{http://www1.worldbank.org/prem/poverty/voices/ Voices of the Poor} </ref>, based on research with over 20,000 poor people in 23 countries, identifies a range of factors which poor people identify as part of poverty. These include
 +
 +*precarious livelihoods
 +*excluded locations
 +*physical limitations
 +*gender relationships
 +*problems in social relationships
 +*lack of security
 +*abuse by those in power
 +*disempowering institutions
 +*limited capabilities, and
 +*weak community organisations.
 +
 +Most important are those necessary for material well-being, especially food. Others of these issues relate to social rather than material issues.
 +
 +Poverty may be defined by a government or organization for legal purposes, see [[Poverty threshold]].
 +
 +Poverty may be seen as the collective condition of poor people, or of poor groups, and in this sense entire [[nation|nation-states]] are sometimes regarded as poor. A more neutral term is [[developing nation]]s. Although the most severe poverty is in the developing world, there is evidence of poverty in every region. In developed countries examples include [[homelessness|homeless]] people and [[ghetto]]s.
 +
 +Poverty is also a type of religious vow, a state that may be taken on voluntarily in keeping with practices of piety.
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Poverty is understood in many senses <ref>P Spicker, S Alvarez Leguizamon, D Gordon,(eds) 2007, Poverty: an international glossary.</ref>. The main understandings of the term include:

  • Descriptions of material need, typically including the necessities of daily living (food, clothing, shelter, and health care). Poverty in this sense may be understood as a condition in which a person or community is deprived of, and or lacks the essentials for a minimum standard of well-being and life. These essentials may be material resources such as food, safe drinking water, and shelter, or they may be social resources such as access to information, education, health care, social status, political power,<ref>Journal of Poverty</ref> or the opportunity to develop meaningful connections with other people in society.<ref>A Glossary for Social Epidemiology Nancy Krieger, PhD, Harvard School of Public Health</ref>
  • Descriptions of social relationships and need, including social exclusion <ref>H Silver, 1994, social exclusion and social solidarity, in International Labour Review, 133 5-6</ref>, dependency <ref>G Simmel, The poor, Social Problems 1965 13 </ref>, and the ability to participate in society <ref>P Townsend, 1979, Poverty in the UK, Penguin</ref>. This would include education and information.
  • Describing a (persistent) lack of income and wealth. The World Bank, for example, uses a global indicator of incomes or $1 or $2 a day. In relative terms disparities in income or wealth income disparities are seen as an indicator of poverty and the condition of poverty is linked to questions of scarcity and distribution of resources and power.

The World Bank's "Voices of the Poor" <ref>{http://www1.worldbank.org/prem/poverty/voices/ Voices of the Poor} </ref>, based on research with over 20,000 poor people in 23 countries, identifies a range of factors which poor people identify as part of poverty. These include

  • precarious livelihoods
  • excluded locations
  • physical limitations
  • gender relationships
  • problems in social relationships
  • lack of security
  • abuse by those in power
  • disempowering institutions
  • limited capabilities, and
  • weak community organisations.

Most important are those necessary for material well-being, especially food. Others of these issues relate to social rather than material issues.

Poverty may be defined by a government or organization for legal purposes, see Poverty threshold.

Poverty may be seen as the collective condition of poor people, or of poor groups, and in this sense entire nation-states are sometimes regarded as poor. A more neutral term is developing nations. Although the most severe poverty is in the developing world, there is evidence of poverty in every region. In developed countries examples include homeless people and ghettos.

Poverty is also a type of religious vow, a state that may be taken on voluntarily in keeping with practices of piety.



Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Poverty" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.

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