Principles of Biology
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| - | '''''"Survival of the fittest"''''' is a [[phrase]] which is shorthand for a concept relating to competition for survival or predominance. Originally applied by [[Herbert Spencer]] in his ''[[Principles of Biology]]'' of 1864, Spencer drew parallels to his ideas of [[economics]] with [[Charles Darwin]]'s theories of [[evolution]] by what Darwin termed [[natural selection]]. | + | ''[[Principles of Biology]]'' (1864) by [[Herbert Spencer]]. |
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| - | Although Darwin used the phrase "survival of the fittest" as a synonym for "natural selection", modern biologists prefer the latter phrase. | + | |
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| - | The phrase is a [[metaphor]], not a scientific description; and it is not generally used by biologists, who almost unanimously prefer to use the phrase "[[natural selection]]" exclusively. | + | |
| - | == See also == | + | |
| - | *[[Altruism]] | + | |
| - | *[[Evolution of societies]] | + | |
| - | *[[Mutation]] | + | |
| - | *[[Social ecology]] | + | |
| - | *[[Social implications of the theory of evolution]] | + | |
| - | *[[Robert Boyle]] | + | |
| - | *[[Natural philosophy]] | + | |
| - | *[[John Ruskin]] | + | |
| - | *[[Freedom of thought]] | + | |
| - | *[[Freethought]] | + | |
| - | *[[Scientific skepticism]] | + | |
| - | *[[Social Darwinism]] | + | |
| - | *[[Social evolutionism]] | + | |
| - | *[[Neo-Creationism]] | + | |
| - | *[[Garden of Eden]] | + | |
| - | *[[Age of the earth]] | + | |
| - | *[[Ethical relativism]] | + | |
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Principles of Biology (1864) by Herbert Spencer.
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