Psychology
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+ | [[Image:Elagabalus.jpg|thumb|right|200px|'''[[Elagabalus]]''' was a [[Roman Emperors|Roman emperor]] known for [[perverse]] and [[decadent]] behavior. Due to these associations with [[Roman decadence]], Elagabalus became something of a hero to the [[Decadent movement]] in the [[late 19th century]]. Characterizing him and other historical persons in antiquity as "[[psychopath]]s" — for example, the five "[[mad emperors]]" of [[ancient Rome]]: [[Caligula]], [[Nero]], [[Domitian]], [[Commodus]], and [[Elagabalus]] — is however a retroactive speculation premised on a decidedly modern view of [[human nature]] and individual [[psychology]]. This modern view did not start to develop until the [[Late Middle Ages]], reaching full fruition in the [[Enlightenment]] and [[Romantic movement]] of the [[eighteenth century|eighteenth]] and [[nineteenth century|nineteenth centuries]] ]] | ||
[[Image:The Nightmare by Fuseli.JPG|thumb|right|200px| | [[Image:The Nightmare by Fuseli.JPG|thumb|right|200px| | ||
''[[The Nightmare]]'' ([[1781]]) by [[Fuseli|Henry Fuseli]]]] | ''[[The Nightmare]]'' ([[1781]]) by [[Fuseli|Henry Fuseli]]]] |
Revision as of 22:42, 15 July 2009
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Psychology (from Greek: ψυχή, psukhē, "spirit, soul"; and λόγος, logos, "knowledge") is an academic discipline involving the scientific study of mental processes and behavior. Psychologists study such phenomena as perception, cognition, emotion, personality, behavior, and interpersonal relationships. Psychology also refers to the application of such knowledge to various spheres of human activity, including problems of individuals' daily lives and the treatment of mental health problems.
Psychology differs from the other social sciences (e.g., anthropology, economics, political science, and sociology) due to its focus on experimentation at the scale of the individual, as opposed to groups or institutions.
The term psychology in the modern behavorial sense was coined in the 1890s.
See also
- Psychological novel
- Psychoanalysis
- Abnormal psychology
- Big Five personality traits
- Psychopathy and psychopathology