Stereoscopy
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| + | "A little later a thousand [[Voyeurism|hungry eyes]] were bending over the [[peephole]]s of the [[Stereoscopy|stereoscope]], as though they were the [[attic]]-windows of the [[infinity|infinite]]. The love of [[pornography]], which is no less deep-rooted in the natural heart of man than the [[self-love|love of himself]], was not to let slip so fine an opportunity of self-satisfaction. And do not imagine that it was only children on their way back from school who took pleasure in these follies; the world was infatuated with them." --''[[The Modern Public and Photography]]'', Baudelaire, tr. Jonathan Mayne | ||
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| - | '''Stereoscopy''', '''stereoscopic imaging''' or '''3-D (three-dimensional) imaging''' is any technique capable of recording three-dimensional visual information or creating the [[stereopsis|illusion of depth]] in an image. The illusion of depth in a [[photograph]], [[film|movie]], or other two-dimensional image is created by presenting a slightly different image to each [[eye]]. Many [[3D display]]s use this method to convey images. It was first invented by [[Sir Charles Wheatstone]] in 1838 . Stereoscopy is used in [[photogrammetry]] and also for entertainment through the production of [[stereogram]]s. Stereoscopy is useful in viewing images rendered from large multi-[[dimension]]al data sets such as are produced by experimental data. Modern industrial three dimensional photography may use [[3D scanner]]s to detect and record 3 dimensional information. The 3 dimensional depth information can be reconstructed from two images using a computer by corresponding the pixels in the left and right images. Solving the [[Correspondence problem]] in the field of [[Computer Vision]] aims to create meaningful depth information from two images. | ||
| - | Traditional stereoscopic photography consists of creating a 3-D illusion starting from a pair of 2-D images. The easiest way to create [[depth perception]] in the brain is to provide to the eyes of the viewer two different images, representing two perspectives of the same object, with a minor deviation similar to the perspectives that both eyes naturally receive in [[binocular vision]]. | + | '''Stereoscopy''' (also called '''stereoscopics''', or '''stereo imaging''') is a technique for creating or enhancing the [[depth perception|illusion of depth]] in an image by means of [[stereopsis]] for [[binocular vision]] Any stereoscopic image is called a '''stereogram'''. Originally, stereogram referred to a pair of stereo images which could be viewed using a [[stereoscope]]. |
| - | If eyestrain and distortion are to be avoided, each of the two 2-D images preferably should be presented to each eye of the viewer so that any object at infinite distance seen by the viewer should be perceived by that eye while it is oriented straight ahead, the viewer's eyes being neither crossed nor diverging. When the picture contains no object at infinite distance, such as a horizon or a cloud, the pictures should be spaced correspondingly closer together | + | |
| + | Most stereoscopic methods present two offset images separately to the left and right eye of the viewer. These [[two-dimensional]] images are then combined in the brain to give the perception of [[Three-dimensional space|3D]] depth. This technique is distinguished from [[3d display#3D displays|3D displays]] that display an image in [[Three-dimensional space|three full dimensions]], allowing the observer to increase information about the 3-dimensional objects being displayed by head and [[Accommodation (eye)|eye movements]]. | ||
| + | ==Uses== | ||
| + | While stereoscopic images have typically been used for amusement, including [[Stereoscope|stereographic cards]], [[3D film]]s, [[stereoscopic video game]]s, printings using [[Anaglyph 3D|anaglyph]] and pictures, posters and books of [[autostereogram]]s, there are also other uses of this technology. | ||
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| + | ===Art=== | ||
| + | [[Salvador Dalí]] created some impressive stereograms in his exploration in a variety of optical illusions. Red-and-cyan anaglyph stereoscopic images have also been painted by hand. | ||
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| + | ===Nude stereoscopy=== | ||
| + | Nude stereoscopy began in [[1838]] and became extremely popular. | ||
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| + | ====See also==== | ||
| + | *[[Stereoscopy]] | ||
| + | *[[Venus in the 19th century]] | ||
| + | *[[Venereal photography]] | ||
| + | * ''[[Le nu stéréoscopique]], 1850-1930'' (1985, Edition Filipacchi, Paris). Also published as ''The stereoscopic nude, 1850-1930'' and ''Der Akt in der Photographie, 1850-1930'' by photography historian [[Serge Nazarieff]]. | ||
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| + | ==See also== | ||
| + | * [[Slide viewer#Stereo slide viewer|Stereo slide viewer]] | ||
| + | * [[Precursors of film]] | ||
| + | * [[Les Diableries]] | ||
| + | * [[View-Master]] | ||
| + | * [[Kinematoscope]] | ||
| + | * [[Haploscope]] | ||
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"A little later a thousand hungry eyes were bending over the peepholes of the stereoscope, as though they were the attic-windows of the infinite. The love of pornography, which is no less deep-rooted in the natural heart of man than the love of himself, was not to let slip so fine an opportunity of self-satisfaction. And do not imagine that it was only children on their way back from school who took pleasure in these follies; the world was infatuated with them." --The Modern Public and Photography, Baudelaire, tr. Jonathan Mayne |
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Stereoscopy (also called stereoscopics, or stereo imaging) is a technique for creating or enhancing the illusion of depth in an image by means of stereopsis for binocular vision Any stereoscopic image is called a stereogram. Originally, stereogram referred to a pair of stereo images which could be viewed using a stereoscope.
Most stereoscopic methods present two offset images separately to the left and right eye of the viewer. These two-dimensional images are then combined in the brain to give the perception of 3D depth. This technique is distinguished from 3D displays that display an image in three full dimensions, allowing the observer to increase information about the 3-dimensional objects being displayed by head and eye movements.
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Uses
While stereoscopic images have typically been used for amusement, including stereographic cards, 3D films, stereoscopic video games, printings using anaglyph and pictures, posters and books of autostereograms, there are also other uses of this technology.
Art
Salvador Dalí created some impressive stereograms in his exploration in a variety of optical illusions. Red-and-cyan anaglyph stereoscopic images have also been painted by hand.
Nude stereoscopy
Nude stereoscopy began in 1838 and became extremely popular.
See also
- Stereoscopy
- Venus in the 19th century
- Venereal photography
- Le nu stéréoscopique, 1850-1930 (1985, Edition Filipacchi, Paris). Also published as The stereoscopic nude, 1850-1930 and Der Akt in der Photographie, 1850-1930 by photography historian Serge Nazarieff.
See also
