Surrealism
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- | [[Image:Un autre monde by Grandville.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Surrealism [[avant la lettre]] from ''[[Un autre monde]]'' ([[1844]]) by [[Grandville]]]] | + | {| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 85%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:30em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5" |
+ | | style="text-align: left;" | | ||
+ | ''[[What is Surrealism?]]'', a [[1934]] lecture by [[André Breton]]. | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | [[Image:Un autre monde by Grandville.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Interplanetary Bridge]], [[Surrealism avant la lettre]] from ''[[Un autre monde]]'' ([[1844]]) by [[Grandville]]]] | ||
[[Image:Véritable portrait de Monsieur Ubu, par Alfred Jarry (1896).png|thumb|right|200px|'''''Ubu Roi''''' (King Ubu) is a [[play]] developed by [[Alfred Jarry]] premiered on [[December 10]] [[1896]], and is widely acknowledged as a theatrical [[precursor]] to the [[Theatre of the Absurd|Absurdist]], [[Dada]] and [[Surrealism|Surrealist]] art movements.]] | [[Image:Véritable portrait de Monsieur Ubu, par Alfred Jarry (1896).png|thumb|right|200px|'''''Ubu Roi''''' (King Ubu) is a [[play]] developed by [[Alfred Jarry]] premiered on [[December 10]] [[1896]], and is widely acknowledged as a theatrical [[precursor]] to the [[Theatre of the Absurd|Absurdist]], [[Dada]] and [[Surrealism|Surrealist]] art movements.]] | ||
- | [[Image:Bracelli.jpeg|thumb|right|200px|thumb|Surrealism [[avant la lettre]] from the ''[[Bizzarie di varie figure]]'' ([[1624]]) by [[Giovanni Battista Braccelli]]]] | + | [[Image:Bracelli.jpeg|thumb|right|200px|thumb|[[Surrealism avant la lettre]] from the ''[[Bizzarie di varie figure]]'' ([[1624]]) by [[Giovanni Battista Braccelli]]]] |
{{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
- | :''[[What is Surrealism?]]'', a [[1934]] lecture by [[André Breton]]. | ||
'''Surrealism''' was a [[20th century art]] and [[cultural movement]] that began in the mid-[[1920s]] in [[Europe]], and is best known for the [[visual art]]works and [[writing]]s of the group members. The works feature the element of [[surprise]], [[unexpected]] [[juxtaposition]]s and [[Non sequitur (absurdism)|non sequitur]], however many Surrealist artists and writers regard their work as an expression of the philosophical movement first and foremost with the works being an [[artefact]], and leader [[André Breton]] was explicit in his assertion that Surrealism was above all a [[revolution]]ary movement. From the [[Dada]] activities of [[World War I]] Surrealism was formed with the most important center of the movement in [[Paris]] and from the [[1920s]] spreading around the globe, impacting many other fields. | '''Surrealism''' was a [[20th century art]] and [[cultural movement]] that began in the mid-[[1920s]] in [[Europe]], and is best known for the [[visual art]]works and [[writing]]s of the group members. The works feature the element of [[surprise]], [[unexpected]] [[juxtaposition]]s and [[Non sequitur (absurdism)|non sequitur]], however many Surrealist artists and writers regard their work as an expression of the philosophical movement first and foremost with the works being an [[artefact]], and leader [[André Breton]] was explicit in his assertion that Surrealism was above all a [[revolution]]ary movement. From the [[Dada]] activities of [[World War I]] Surrealism was formed with the most important center of the movement in [[Paris]] and from the [[1920s]] spreading around the globe, impacting many other fields. | ||
== Origin of the term == | == Origin of the term == | ||
- | In May [[1917]], [[Guillaume Apollinaire]] coined the term "Surrealism" in the program notes describing the ballet ''[[Parade]]'' which was a collaborative work by [[Jean Cocteau]], [[Erik Satie]], [[Pablo Picasso]] and [[Léonide Massine]]: | + | In May [[1917]], [[Guillaume Apollinaire]] coined the term "Surrealism" in the program notes describing the ballet ''[[Parade (ballet)|Parade]]'' which was a collaborative work by [[Jean Cocteau]], [[Erik Satie]], [[Pablo Picasso]] and [[Léonide Massine]]: |
:"From this new alliance, for until now stage sets and costumes on one side and choreography on the other had only a sham bond between them, there has come about, in ''Parade'', a kind of super-realism ('sur-réalisme'), in which I see the starting point of a series of manifestations of this new spirit ('esprit nouveau')." | :"From this new alliance, for until now stage sets and costumes on one side and choreography on the other had only a sham bond between them, there has come about, in ''Parade'', a kind of super-realism ('sur-réalisme'), in which I see the starting point of a series of manifestations of this new spirit ('esprit nouveau')." | ||
== Bataillean vs Bretonian Surrealism == | == Bataillean vs Bretonian Surrealism == | ||
- | Breton was obviously the driving force behind surrealism, and he ran the movement in a dicatorial style, even expelling several of its members. Several of these ex-members started adhering to Georges Bataille's subversive "[[Bataillean]]" surrealism and the latter's journal ''[[Documents (journal)|Documents]]''. | + | :''[[Bretonian and Bataillean strains of Surrealism]]'' |
- | + | Breton was obviously the driving force behind surrealism, and he ran the movement in a dictatorial style, even expelling several of its members. Several of these ex-members started adhering to [[Georges Bataille]]'s subversive "[[Bataillean]]" surrealism and the latter's journal ''[[Documents (journal)|Documents]]''. | |
== See also == | == See also == | ||
+ | * [[Freud's influence on Surrealism]] | ||
+ | *[[Surrealism avant la lettre]] | ||
+ | *[[Faultlines in 20th century art ]] | ||
*[[Surrealist Manifesto]] | *[[Surrealist Manifesto]] | ||
*[[Impact of Surrealism]] | *[[Impact of Surrealism]] | ||
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*[[International Surrealist Exhibition]] | *[[International Surrealist Exhibition]] | ||
*[[Surrealist groups]] | *[[Surrealist groups]] | ||
+ | *[[Proto-Surrealism]] | ||
===By field=== | ===By field=== | ||
*[[Surrealism and comedy]] | *[[Surrealism and comedy]] | ||
*[[Surrealism and theatre]] | *[[Surrealism and theatre]] | ||
*[[Sade's influence on Surrealism]] | *[[Sade's influence on Surrealism]] | ||
+ | *[[Freud's influence on Surrealism]] | ||
*[[Surrealism and international politics]] | *[[Surrealism and international politics]] | ||
*[[Surrealism and film]] | *[[Surrealism and film]] | ||
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*[[Surrealist photography]] | *[[Surrealist photography]] | ||
===By region=== | ===By region=== | ||
- | *[[Belgian surrealism]] | + | |
+ | ===Surrealist groups=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Europe ==== | ||
+ | *[[Czech surrealism]] | ||
+ | *[[French surrealism]] | ||
+ | *[[Polish surrealism]] | ||
+ | *[[Belgian Surrealists]] | ||
+ | *[[British Surrealist Group]] | ||
+ | **[[Birmingham Surrealists]] | ||
+ | ***[[Glass Veal Group]] | ||
+ | *[[Spanish surrealism]] | ||
+ | **[[Dau-al-Set]] | ||
+ | *[[Swedish surrealism]] | ||
+ | **[[Halmstad]] Group | ||
+ | **[[The Surrealist Group in Stockholm]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== The Americas ==== | ||
+ | *[[The Surrealist Movement in the United States]] | ||
+ | **[[Chicago Surrealist Group]] | ||
+ | *[[Caribbean Surrealism]] | ||
+ | *[[Black Surrealism]] | ||
+ | *[[Canadian Surrealism]] | ||
+ | **[[Les Automatistes]] | ||
+ | **[[Refus Global]] | ||
+ | |||
===Literature=== | ===Literature=== | ||
*''[[The Waking Dream]]'', surrealism avant la lettre in masterprints | *''[[The Waking Dream]]'', surrealism avant la lettre in masterprints |
Revision as of 10:38, 24 March 2015
What is Surrealism?, a 1934 lecture by André Breton. |
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Featured: |
Surrealism was a 20th century art and cultural movement that began in the mid-1920s in Europe, and is best known for the visual artworks and writings of the group members. The works feature the element of surprise, unexpected juxtapositions and non sequitur, however many Surrealist artists and writers regard their work as an expression of the philosophical movement first and foremost with the works being an artefact, and leader André Breton was explicit in his assertion that Surrealism was above all a revolutionary movement. From the Dada activities of World War I Surrealism was formed with the most important center of the movement in Paris and from the 1920s spreading around the globe, impacting many other fields.
Contents |
Origin of the term
In May 1917, Guillaume Apollinaire coined the term "Surrealism" in the program notes describing the ballet Parade which was a collaborative work by Jean Cocteau, Erik Satie, Pablo Picasso and Léonide Massine:
- "From this new alliance, for until now stage sets and costumes on one side and choreography on the other had only a sham bond between them, there has come about, in Parade, a kind of super-realism ('sur-réalisme'), in which I see the starting point of a series of manifestations of this new spirit ('esprit nouveau')."
Bataillean vs Bretonian Surrealism
Breton was obviously the driving force behind surrealism, and he ran the movement in a dictatorial style, even expelling several of its members. Several of these ex-members started adhering to Georges Bataille's subversive "Bataillean" surrealism and the latter's journal Documents.
See also
- Freud's influence on Surrealism
- Surrealism avant la lettre
- Faultlines in 20th century art
- Surrealist Manifesto
- Impact of Surrealism
- Criticism of Surrealism
- Timeline of surrealism and dada
- International Surrealist Exhibition
- Surrealist groups
- Proto-Surrealism
By field
- Surrealism and comedy
- Surrealism and theatre
- Sade's influence on Surrealism
- Freud's influence on Surrealism
- Surrealism and international politics
- Surrealism and film
- Surrealism (music)
- Surrealism in literature
- Surrealist photography
By region
Surrealist groups
Europe
- Czech surrealism
- French surrealism
- Polish surrealism
- Belgian Surrealists
- British Surrealist Group
- Spanish surrealism
- Swedish surrealism
The Americas
- The Surrealist Movement in the United States
- Caribbean Surrealism
- Black Surrealism
- Canadian Surrealism
Literature
- The Waking Dream, surrealism avant la lettre in masterprints
- Sade / Surreal
- What is Surrealism?, a 1934 lecture by André Breton.
- Surréalisme et sexualité (1971) by Xavière Gauthier