Tripartite classification of authority  

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-A '''cult of personality''' arises when an individual uses [[mass media]], [[propaganda]], or other methods, to create an idealized and heroic public image, often through unquestioning [[flattery]] and [[praise]]. [[Sociologist]] [[Max Weber]] developed a [[tripartite classification of authority]]; the ''cult of personality'' holds parallels with what Weber defined as "[[charismatic authority]]". A cult of personality is similar to [[apotheosis|hero worship]], except that it is established by mass media and propaganda. 
-==See also==+[[Max Weber]] distinguished three [[ideal type]]s of legitimate political leadership, domination and authority:
-* [[Charismatic authority]]+# '''[[charismatic authority]]''' (''[[family|familial]] and [[religion|religious]]''),
-* [[Celebrity]]+# '''[[traditional authority]]''' (''patriarchs, patrimonalism, feudalism'') and
-* [[Imperial cult (ancient Rome)]]+# '''[[legal authority]]''' (''modern law and state, bureaucracy'').
-* [[Narcissism]]+ 
-* [[Narcissistic leadership]]+These three types are ideal pure types and rarely appear in their pure form.
-* [[Toxic leader]]+ 
-* [[Imperial Presidency]]+According to Weber, authority is power accepted as legitimate by those subjected to it. These three forms of authority are said to appear in an "hierarchical development order". [[Sovereign state|States]] progress from ''charismatic authority'', to ''traditional authority'', and finally reach the ''state of rational-legal authority'' which is characteristic of a modern [[liberal democracy]].
 + 
 +==Comparison table==
 +{| class="wikitable"
 +|-
 +! Characteristic !! Charismatic !! Traditional !! Legal-Rational
 +|-
 +| Type of ruler
 +| Charismatic leader
 +| Dominant personality
 +| Functional superiors or bureaucratic officials
 +|-
 +| Position determined by
 +| Having a dynamic personality
 +| Established tradition or routine
 +| Legally established authority
 +|-
 +| Ruled using
 +| Extraordinary qualities and exceptional powers
 +| Acquired or inherited (hereditary) qualities
 +| Virtue of rationally established norms, decrees, and other rules and regulations
 +|-
 +| Legitimized
 +| Victories and success to community
 +| Established tradition or routine
 +| General belief in the formal correctness of these rules and those who enact them are considered a legitimized authority
 +|-
 +| Loyalty
 +| Interpersonal & personal allegiance and devotion
 +| Based on traditional allegiances
 +| To authority / rules
 +|-
 +| Cohesion
 +| Emotionally unstable and volatile
 +| Feeling of common purpose
 +| Abiding by rules (see [[Robert K. Merton#Merton's theory of deviance|Merton's theory of deviance]])
 +|-
 +| Leadership
 +| Rulers and followers (disciples)
 +| Established forms of social conduct
 +| Rules, not rulers
 +|}
 + 
 +== See also ==
 +* [[Form of government]]
 +* [[The Three Types of Legitimate Rule]]
 + 
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Max Weber distinguished three ideal types of legitimate political leadership, domination and authority:

  1. charismatic authority (familial and religious),
  2. traditional authority (patriarchs, patrimonalism, feudalism) and
  3. legal authority (modern law and state, bureaucracy).

These three types are ideal pure types and rarely appear in their pure form.

According to Weber, authority is power accepted as legitimate by those subjected to it. These three forms of authority are said to appear in an "hierarchical development order". States progress from charismatic authority, to traditional authority, and finally reach the state of rational-legal authority which is characteristic of a modern liberal democracy.

Comparison table

Characteristic Charismatic Traditional Legal-Rational
Type of ruler Charismatic leader Dominant personality Functional superiors or bureaucratic officials
Position determined by Having a dynamic personality Established tradition or routine Legally established authority
Ruled using Extraordinary qualities and exceptional powers Acquired or inherited (hereditary) qualities Virtue of rationally established norms, decrees, and other rules and regulations
Legitimized Victories and success to community Established tradition or routine General belief in the formal correctness of these rules and those who enact them are considered a legitimized authority
Loyalty Interpersonal & personal allegiance and devotion Based on traditional allegiances To authority / rules
Cohesion Emotionally unstable and volatile Feeling of common purpose Abiding by rules (see Merton's theory of deviance)
Leadership Rulers and followers (disciples) Established forms of social conduct Rules, not rulers

See also





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