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| + | [[Image:Hell.jpg|thumb|right|200px|"[[Hell]]" detail from [[Hieronymus Bosch]]'s ''[[Garden of Earthly Delights]]'']] |
| {{Template}} | | {{Template}} |
- | :''[[underground]], [[Greek underworld]]'' | |
| In sociology, that part of society that is engaged in [[crime]] or [[vice]]; [[low social class]]. | | In sociology, that part of society that is engaged in [[crime]] or [[vice]]; [[low social class]]. |
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| ==See also== | | ==See also== |
| + | *[[Underground]] |
| + | *[[Greek underworld]] |
| *[[World Tree]]—A tree that connects the heavens, the earth, and the underworld in a number of spiritual belief systems | | *[[World Tree]]—A tree that connects the heavens, the earth, and the underworld in a number of spiritual belief systems |
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| {{GFDL}} | | {{GFDL}} |
Current revision
In sociology, that part of society that is engaged in crime or vice; low social class.
In the study of mythology and religion, the underworld is a generic term approximately equivalent to the lay term afterlife, referring to any place to which newly dead souls go.
Underworlds by mythology
This list includes underworlds in various mythologies, with links to corresponding articles.
Altaic mythology
| Yerlik (see Erlik)
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Aztec mythology
| Mictlan
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Babylonian mythology
| Arallu (also sumerian)
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Buddhist mythology
| Naraka (also Niraya)
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Celtic mythology
| Annwn, Mag Mell
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Chinese mythology
| Yum gan (陰間) is an underworld though not necessarily negative like Diyu (地獄)
|
Christian mythology
| Sheol/Hadēs (Abode of the dead), Gehenna/Tártaros (Hell), Abaddon, Limbo, Purgatory, Annihilationism
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Egyptian mythology
| Aaru, Duat, Neter-khertet, Amenti
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Estonian mythology
| Toonela
|
Fijian mythology
| see Melanesian mythology.
|
Finnish mythology
| Tuonela
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Greek mythology
| Greek underworld Elysium, Asphodel Meadows, Hadēs, Tártaros
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Hebrew mythology
| Sheol, Gehenna
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Hindu mythology
| Naraka, Yamaloka, Patala
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Hungarian mythology
| Alvilág
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Inca mythology
| Uku Pacha
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Inuit mythology
| Adlivun
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Islamic mythology
| Jahannam, Naar, Barzakh, Araf
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Jain mythology
| Naraka, Adho Loka (the lower worlds)
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Japanese mythology
| Yomi, Jigoku
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Korean Mythology
| "Ji-Ok" 지옥 地獄
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Latvian mythology
| Aizsaule
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Māori mythology
| Hawaiki
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Mapuche mythology
| Pellumawida, Degin, Wenuleufu, Ngullchenmaiwe
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Maya mythology
| Metnal, Xibalba
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Melanesian mythology
| (includes Fijian) Bulu, Burotu, Murimuria, Nabangatai, Tuma
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Norse mythology
| Gimlé, Hel, Niflheim, Vingólf
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Oromo mythology
| Ekera
|
Philippine mythology
| Kasanaan, Impiyerno
|
Polynesian mythology
| Avaiki, Bulotu, Iva, Lua-o-Milu, Nga- Atua, Pulotu, Rangi Tuarea, Te Toi-o-nga-Ranga, Uranga-o-Te-Ra
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Pueblo mythology
| Shipap
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Roman mythology
| Inferno, Avernus, Orcus/Hadēs, Pluto
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Slavic mythology
| Podsvetie, Peklo, Nava
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Sumerian mythology
| Dilmun, Kur, Irkalla
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Vodou mythology
| Guinee
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Wagawaga mythology
| Hiyoyoa
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Underworld rulers
This list includes rulers or guardians of the underworld in various mythologies, with links to corresponding articles.
Aboriginal mythology
| Baiame (Kamilaroi), Eingana
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Akkadian mythology
| Allu, Anu, Anunnaku, Ereshkigal, Etemmu, Gallu, Humbaba, Mamitu, Nergal, Utnapishtim
|
Albanian mythology
| E Bukura e Dheut
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Altaic mythology
| Erlik
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Armenian mythology
| Spandaramat
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Aztec mythology
| Mictlantecuhtli, Mictecacihuatl, Chalmecacihuilt, Chalmecatl
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Babylonian mythology
| Erra, Nergal, Ninlil, Sursunabu, Ur-shanabi, Utnapishtim
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Balinese mythology
| Batara Kala, Setesuyara
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Bon mythology
| gNyan
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Buddhist mythology
| Yama, Emma-O-, Yanluo
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Canaanite mythology
| Mot
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Celtic mythology
| Aed, Arawn, Cwn Annwn, Donn, Gwyn ap Nudd, Manannán mac Lir, Pwyll
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Chinese mythology
| Gui, Yanluo
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Christian mythology
| Satan
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Egyptian mythology
| Aken, Aker (strictly only the gatekeeper), Am-heh, Amunet, Ammit, Andjety, Anubis, Apep, Apis, Astennu, Ha, Imiut (if the Imiut was ever considered a god), Isis, Mehen, Naunet, Nehebkau, Nephthys, Nun, Nut, Osiris, Ptah, Seker, Thoth
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Elamite mythology
| Jabru
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Estonian mythology
| Vanapagan
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Etruscan mythology
| Charun, Culsu, Februus, Mania, Mantus, Nethuns, Tuchulcha, Vanth
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Finnish mythology
| Kalma, Kipu-Tyttö, Kivutar, Lovitar, Surma, Tuonen akka, Tuonetar, Tuoni, Vammatar
|
Greek mythology
| Cerberus, Charon, Hadēs, Keres, Persephone, Thánatos, Tártaros
|
Georgian mythology
| sasuleti
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Haida mythology
| Ta'xet, Tia
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Hinduism
| Yamaraja
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Hopi mythology
| Kachina
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Ibo mythology
| Ala
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Incan mythology
| Supay, Vichama
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Indonesian mythology
| Dewi Shri, Ndara
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Inuit mythology
| Pana, Sedna
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Islamic mythology
| Mala'ikah
|
Japanese mythology
| Hisa-Me, Hotoke, Ika-Zuchi-no-Kami, Jikininki, Shiko-Me, Shiti Dama, Shi-Ryo, Yama
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Kassite mythology
| Template:Dn
|
Khmer mythology
| Preas Eyssaur
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Latvian mythology
| Veli, Velu mate, Zemes mate
|
Levantine mythology
| Mot
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Lunda mythology
| Kalunga
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Maori mythology
| Kewa
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Maya mythology
| Xibalba
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Melanesian mythology
| (includes Fijian mythology) Degei, Ratumaibulu, Samulayo
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Narragansett mythology
| Chepi
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Navaho mythology
| Estanatelhi
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Niquiran mythology
| Mictanteot
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Norse mythology
| Garmr, Hel, Ran
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Orokolo mythology
| Kiavari
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Persian mythology
| Angra Mainyu, Azhi Dahaka, Peri
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Philippine mythology (Look to the Christian Mythology for more information)
| ""Bathala", Demonyo Demon, Lucifer, Dyablo Diablo, Satan, Diyos God
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Phoenician mythology
| Horon
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Phrygian mythology
| Men
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Polynesian mythology
| Hikuleo, Hina, Hine-nui-te-Po, Kanaloa, Kiho-tumu, Makea Tutara, Mahiuki, Mahu-ike, Marama, Template:Dn, Merau, Template:Dn, Miru, Rimu, Rohe, Whiro
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Prussian mythology
| Picullus
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Pueblo mythology
| Iyatiku
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Roma (Gypsy) mythology
|
|
Roman mythology
| Cerberus, Dea Tacita, Dis Pater, Egestes, Fames, Inferi Dii, Larenta, Letum, Libitina, Mors, Orcus, Pluto, Proserpina, Viduus
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Romanian mythology
| Diavolu, Satana, Necuratu, Scaraoschi
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Russian mythology
| Dyavol, Satanaya
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Saami mythology
| Yambe-akka
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Salish mythology
| Amotken
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Siberian mythology
| Chebeldei, Template:Dn
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Slavic mythology
| Crnobog, Flins, Marzana, Nyia
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Sumerian mythology
| Edimmu, Ekimmu, Endukugga, Enmesarra, Ereshkigal, Gidim, Gula, Irkalla, Kur, Namtar, Nergal, Neti, Nindukugga, Ninlil, Urshanabi, Ziusudra
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Syrian mythology
| Reshep
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Tamil mythology
| Cur
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Thracian mythology
| Heros
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Turkic mythology
| Erlik
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Vodou
| Baron Cimetière, Baron La Croix, Baron Samedi, Ghede, Maman Brigitte, Marassa Jumeaux
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Wagawaga mythology
| Tumudurere
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Yoruba mythology
| Oya
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Yurak mythology
| Nga
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Zuni mythology
| Uhepono
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Classicism
| Stuades Davies
|
See also