Vanitas
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| - | In the arts, '''vanitas''' is a type of [[symbol|symbolic]] [[still life]] [[painting]] commonly executed by Northern European [[painter]]s in [[Flanders]] and the [[Netherlands]] in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The term '''vanitas''' itself refers to the [[art|arts]], learning and [[time]]. The word is [[Latin]], meaning "[[emptiness]]" and loosely translated corresponds to the meaninglessness of earthly life and the transient nature of vanity. [[Ecclesiastes]] ("Vanity of vanities, saith the Preacher, vanity of vanities; all is vanity.") from the [[Bible]] is often quoted in conjunction with this term. The [[Vulgate]] (Latin translation of the Bible) renders the verse as ''Vanitas vanitatum omnia vanitas''. The verse is translated as ''Vanity of vanities; all is vanity '' by the [[King James Version of the Bible]], and ''Utterly meaningless! Everything is meaningless'' by the [[New International Version]] of the Bible. | + | In the arts, '''vanitas''' is a type of [[symbol|symbolic]] [[still life]] [[painting]] commonly executed by Northern European [[painter]]s in [[Flanders]] and the [[Netherlands]] in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The term '''vanitas''' itself refers to the [[art|arts]], learning and [[time]]. The word is [[Latin]], meaning "[[emptiness]]" and loosely translated corresponds to the [[meaninglessness]] of earthly life and the transient nature of vanity. [[Ecclesiastes]] ("Vanity of vanities, saith the Preacher, vanity of vanities; all is vanity.") from the [[Bible]] is often quoted in conjunction with this term. The [[Vulgate]] (Latin translation of the Bible) renders the verse as ''Vanitas vanitatum omnia vanitas''. The verse is translated as ''Vanity of vanities; all is vanity '' by the [[King James Version of the Bible]], and ''Utterly meaningless! Everything is meaningless'' by the [[New International Version]] of the Bible. |
| Paintings executed in the vanitas style are meant as a reminder of the transience of life, the futility of pleasure, and the certainty of death, encouraging a sombre world view. | Paintings executed in the vanitas style are meant as a reminder of the transience of life, the futility of pleasure, and the certainty of death, encouraging a sombre world view. | ||
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In the arts, vanitas is a type of symbolic still life painting commonly executed by Northern European painters in Flanders and the Netherlands in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The term vanitas itself refers to the arts, learning and time. The word is Latin, meaning "emptiness" and loosely translated corresponds to the meaninglessness of earthly life and the transient nature of vanity. Ecclesiastes ("Vanity of vanities, saith the Preacher, vanity of vanities; all is vanity.") from the Bible is often quoted in conjunction with this term. The Vulgate (Latin translation of the Bible) renders the verse as Vanitas vanitatum omnia vanitas. The verse is translated as Vanity of vanities; all is vanity by the King James Version of the Bible, and Utterly meaningless! Everything is meaningless by the New International Version of the Bible.
Paintings executed in the vanitas style are meant as a reminder of the transience of life, the futility of pleasure, and the certainty of death, encouraging a sombre world view.
Common vanitas symbols include skulls, which are a reminder of the certainty of death; rotten fruit, which symbolizes decay like ageing; bubbles, which symbolize the brevity of life and suddenness of death; smoke, watches, and hourglasses, which symbolize the brevity of life; and musical instruments, which symbolize brevity and the ephemeral nature of life.
In the remarkable Transi of René de Chalons (illustration, left), the widow of René de Chalon, prince of Orange, who died in battle in 1544, aged 25, has asked the sculptor Ligier Richier to represent him offering his heart to God, in the condition he now is in, a few years after his death, set against the painted splendour of his former worldly estate.
The first movement in composer Robert Schumann's 5 Pieces in a Folk Style, for Cello and Piano, Op. 103, is entitled Vanitas vanitatum. Mit Humor.
The motto of the Harvard Lampoon magazine is Vanitas, a play on Harvard University's actual motto, Veritas (Truth).
See also
