Activism
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| + | [[Image:Communards pose with the statue of Napoléon I from the toppled Vendôme column.jpg|right|thumb|left|200px|[[Communards pose with the statue of Napoléon I from the toppled Vendôme column]]]] | ||
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| + | "[[The Revolution Will Not Be Televised]] -- Gil Scott-Heron | ||
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| + | "[[Activism]] has had major impacts on [[Western societies]], particularly during the 20th century through [[social movements]] such as the [[labour movement]], the [[Women's rights|women's rights movement]], and the [[civil rights movement]]."--Sholem Stein | ||
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| + | ""[[Do women have to be naked to get into the Met. Museum?]]" (1989) was an [[Consciousness raising|awareness campaign]] by the American feminist group the [[Guerrilla Girls]]; who, after counting all [[man|male]] [[artist]]s, [[Women artists|female artist]]s, [[male nude]]s and [[female nude]]s at New York's [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], condemned the limited number of [[Women artists|female artist]]s found in that institute."--Sholem Stein | ||
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| + | [[Image:Eugène Delacroix - La liberté guidant le peuple.jpg|thumb|200px|This page '''{{PAGENAME}}''' is part of the [[politics]] series.<br><small>Illustration:''[[Liberty Leading the People]]'' (1831, detail) by Eugène Delacroix.</small>]] | ||
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| - | '''Activism''', in a general sense, can be described as intentional action to bring about [[social change|social]] or [[politics|political]] change. This action is in support of, or opposition to, one side of an often [[controversy|controversial]] argument. | + | '''Activism''' consists of efforts to promote, impede, direct, or intervene in [[Social change|social]], [[Political campaign|political]], [[Economics|economic]], or [[Natural environment|environmental]] [[reform]] with the desire to make [[Social change|changes in society]]. Forms of activism range from [[Mandate (politics)|mandate]] building in the community (including writing letters to newspapers), petitioning [[elected officials]], running or contributing to a [[political campaign]], preferential patronage (or [[boycott]]) of businesses, and demonstrative forms of activism like [[Demonstration (protest)|rallies]], [[Demonstration (people)|street marches]], [[Strike action|strikes]], [[sit-in]]s, or [[hunger strike]]s. |
| - | The well known terms activ and activist used in a political manner first appeared in the [[Belgium|Belgian]] press in [[1916]] in connection with the [[Flamingant]] movement.[http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activisme_politique 1] The word "activism" is often used [[synonymous]]ly with [[protest]] or [[dissent]], but activism can stem from any number of political orientations and take a wide range of forms, from writing letters to newspapers or politicians, political campaigning, [[economic activism]] (such as [[boycott]]s or preferentially patronizing preferred businesses), rallies and [[Demonstration (people)|street marches]], [[strike action|strikes]], or even [[guerrilla warfare|guerrilla tactics]]. In the more confrontational cases, an activist may be called a [[freedom fighter]] by some, and a [[terrorism|terrorist]] by others, depending on whether the commentator supports the activist's ends. | + | Activism may be performed on a day-to-day basis in a wide variety of ways, including through the creation of art ([[artivism]]), computer hacking ([[hacktivism]]), or simply in how one chooses to spend their money ([[economic activism]]). For example, the refusal to buy clothes or other merchandise from a company as a [[protest]] against the [[Exploitation of labour|exploitation of workers]] by that company could be considered an expression of activism. However, the most highly visible and impactful activism often comes in the form of [[collective action]], in which numerous individuals coordinate an act of protest together in order to make a bigger impact. Collective action that is purposeful, organized, and sustained over a period of time becomes known as a [[social movement]]. |
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| - | In some cases, activism has nothing to do with protest or confrontation: for instance, some [[religious]], [[feminist]] or [[vegetarian]]/[[vegan]] activists try to persuade people to change their behavior directly, rather than persuade governments to change laws; the [[cooperative]] movement seeks to build new institutions which conform to its principles, and generally does not lobby or protest politically. | + | |
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| - | ==Transformational activism== | + | |
| - | Transformational activism is the idea that people need to transform on the inside as well on the outside in order to create any meaningful change in the world. | + | |
| + | Historically, activists have used literature, including pamphlets, tracts, and books to disseminate or propagate their messages and attempt to persuade their readers of the [[Social justice|justice]] of their cause. Research has now begun to explore how contemporary activist groups use [[social media]] to facilitate [[civic engagement]] and collective action combining [[Politics and technology|politics with technology]]. | ||
| ==Methods== | ==Methods== | ||
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| * [[Advocacy group]] | * [[Advocacy group]] | ||
| * [[Agitator]] | * [[Agitator]] | ||
| + | * [[Civil disobedience]] | ||
| * [[Counterculture of the 1960s]] | * [[Counterculture of the 1960s]] | ||
| - | * [[Cultural Marxism]] | ||
| * [[Community leader]] | * [[Community leader]] | ||
| - | * [[Feminism]] | + | * [[Dissident]] |
| - | * [[Master Legend]] | + | * [[Hacktivism]] |
| + | * [[Human rights activists]] | ||
| * [[Media manipulation]] | * [[Media manipulation]] | ||
| + | * [[Politics and technology]] | ||
| * [[Restorationism]] | * [[Restorationism]] | ||
| + | * [[Slacktivism]] | ||
| * [[Social engineering (political science)]] | * [[Social engineering (political science)]] | ||
| * [[Social movement]] | * [[Social movement]] | ||
| + | * [[Student activism]] | ||
| + | * [[Youth activism]] | ||
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| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Current revision
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"The Revolution Will Not Be Televised -- Gil Scott-Heron "Activism has had major impacts on Western societies, particularly during the 20th century through social movements such as the labour movement, the women's rights movement, and the civil rights movement."--Sholem Stein ""Do women have to be naked to get into the Met. Museum?" (1989) was an awareness campaign by the American feminist group the Guerrilla Girls; who, after counting all male artists, female artists, male nudes and female nudes at New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art, condemned the limited number of female artists found in that institute."--Sholem Stein |
Illustration:Liberty Leading the People (1831, detail) by Eugène Delacroix.
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Activism consists of efforts to promote, impede, direct, or intervene in social, political, economic, or environmental reform with the desire to make changes in society. Forms of activism range from mandate building in the community (including writing letters to newspapers), petitioning elected officials, running or contributing to a political campaign, preferential patronage (or boycott) of businesses, and demonstrative forms of activism like rallies, street marches, strikes, sit-ins, or hunger strikes.
Activism may be performed on a day-to-day basis in a wide variety of ways, including through the creation of art (artivism), computer hacking (hacktivism), or simply in how one chooses to spend their money (economic activism). For example, the refusal to buy clothes or other merchandise from a company as a protest against the exploitation of workers by that company could be considered an expression of activism. However, the most highly visible and impactful activism often comes in the form of collective action, in which numerous individuals coordinate an act of protest together in order to make a bigger impact. Collective action that is purposeful, organized, and sustained over a period of time becomes known as a social movement.
Historically, activists have used literature, including pamphlets, tracts, and books to disseminate or propagate their messages and attempt to persuade their readers of the justice of their cause. Research has now begun to explore how contemporary activist groups use social media to facilitate civic engagement and collective action combining politics with technology.
Methods
- Agitation
- Civil disobedience
- Community building
- Dissident
- Economic activism
- Boycott
- Guerrilla gardening (boycott of food- and drug industry)
- Freeganism
- Veganism (boycott of animal usage)
- Vegetarianism (boycott of animal meat usage)
- Consumer activism
- Divestment (a.k.a. Disinvestment)
- Simple living
- Tax resistance
- Boycott
- Franchise activism
- Lobbying
- Media activism
- Nonviolence
- Peace activist and Peace movement
- Political campaigning
- Propaganda
- Protest
- Strike action
- Youth activism
- Atheist activism
See also
- List of activists
- Advocacy group
- Agitator
- Civil disobedience
- Counterculture of the 1960s
- Community leader
- Dissident
- Hacktivism
- Human rights activists
- Media manipulation
- Politics and technology
- Restorationism
- Slacktivism
- Social engineering (political science)
- Social movement
- Student activism
- Youth activism
