Ageing of Europe
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| - | Figures for the '''population of [[Europe]]''' vary according to which [[Europe#Definition|definition]] of European boundaries is used. The population within the standard physical geographical boundaries was 740 million in 2010 according to the United Nations. In 2010 the population was 711 million, using the definition that Europe's boundaries are on the [[continental divide]]s of the [[Caucasus]] and [[Ural Mountains|Ural mountains]] and the [[Bosporous]], including the populated parts of the countries of [[Russia]] and of [[Turkey]]. [[Population growth]] is comparatively low, and [[median age]] comparatively high in relation to the world's other continents. | + | The '''ageing of Europe''', also known as the '''greying of Europe''', is a demographic phenomenon in Europe characterized by a decrease in [[total fertility rate|fertility]], a decrease in [[mortality rate]], and a higher [[life expectancy]] among European populations. Low birth rates and higher life expectancy contribute to the transformation of Europe's [[population pyramid]] shape. The most significant change is the transition towards a much older population structure, resulting in a decrease in the proportion of the working age while the number of the retired population increases. The total number of the older population is projected to increase greatly within the coming decades, with rising proportions of the post-war baby-boom generations reaching retirement. This will cause a high burden on the working age population as they provide for the increasing number of the older population. |
| - | Since the [[Renaissance]], Europe has had a dominating influence in culture, economics and social movements in the world. Its [[demography]] is important not only historically, but also in understanding current international relations and population issues. | + | Throughout history many states have worked to keep high birth rates in order to moderate taxes, more economic activity and more troops for their military. |
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| - | Some current and past issues in European demography have included [[emigration|religious emigration]], [[ethnic relations]], [[Immigration#Why do people immigrate?|economic immigration]], a declining [[birth rate]] and an [[Ageing of Europe|ageing population]]. In some countries, such as [[Poland]], access to [[abortion]] is currently limited and it is entirely illegal in the [[Mediterranean]] nation of [[Malta]]. In the past, such restrictions and also restrictions on artificial birth control were commonplace throughout Europe. | + | |
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| - | *[[Area and population of European countries]] | + | *[[Aging in the American workforce]] |
| - | *[[Classical demography]] | + | *[[Aging of Japan]] |
| - | *[[European diasporas]] | + | *[[Russian Cross]] |
| - | *[[European Union statistics]] | + | *[[Demographics of Europe]] |
| - | *[[Hispanics and Latins in Europe]] | + | *[[Eurabia]] |
| - | *[[Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits]] | + | *[[Immigration to Europe]] |
| - | *[[Largest urban areas of the European Union]] | + | |
| *[[List of European countries by population growth rate]] | *[[List of European countries by population growth rate]] | ||
| - | *[[List of European countries by population]] | + | *[[Political demography]] |
| - | *[[List of metropolitan areas in Europe]] | + | *[[Population decline]] |
| - | *[[Medieval demography]] | + | *[[Retirement in Europe]] |
| - | *[[Muslim population growth ]] | + | |
| + | '''General:''' | ||
| + | *[[List of countries and territories by fertility rate]] | ||
| + | *[[Population aging]] | ||
| + | *[[Population pyramid]] | ||
| + | *[[Sub-replacement fertility]] | ||
| + | *[[World population]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''Demographic economics:''' | ||
| + | *[[Dependency ratio]] | ||
| + | *[[Generational accounting]] | ||
| + | *[[Pensions crisis]] | ||
| + | |||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Revision as of 09:45, 27 July 2017
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The ageing of Europe, also known as the greying of Europe, is a demographic phenomenon in Europe characterized by a decrease in fertility, a decrease in mortality rate, and a higher life expectancy among European populations. Low birth rates and higher life expectancy contribute to the transformation of Europe's population pyramid shape. The most significant change is the transition towards a much older population structure, resulting in a decrease in the proportion of the working age while the number of the retired population increases. The total number of the older population is projected to increase greatly within the coming decades, with rising proportions of the post-war baby-boom generations reaching retirement. This will cause a high burden on the working age population as they provide for the increasing number of the older population.
Throughout history many states have worked to keep high birth rates in order to moderate taxes, more economic activity and more troops for their military.
See also
- Aging in the American workforce
- Aging of Japan
- Russian Cross
- Demographics of Europe
- Eurabia
- Immigration to Europe
- List of European countries by population growth rate
- Political demography
- Population decline
- Retirement in Europe
General:
- List of countries and territories by fertility rate
- Population aging
- Population pyramid
- Sub-replacement fertility
- World population
Demographic economics:
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Ageing of Europe" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
