Saxophone  

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 +| style="text-align: left;" |
 +Canon: [[Dean Fraser]], [[Roland Alphonso]], [[Pharoah Sanders]], [[Charlie Parker]], [[Colin Stetson ]]
 +|}
{{Template}} {{Template}}
-:''[[Dean Fraser]], [[Rolando Alphonso]], [[Pharoah Sanders]]'' 
-The '''saxophone''' ([[colloquially]] referred to as '''sax''') is a conical-[[Bore (wind instruments)|bored]] instrument of the [[woodwind]] family. 
-It is usually made of [[brass]] and played with a single-reed [[mouthpiece (woodwind)|mouthpiece]] like the [[clarinet]]. The saxophone is commonly associated with [[popular music]], [[big band]] music, [[blues]], and [[jazz]] - but was originally intended as both an [[orchestra]]l and [[military band]] instrument. Saxophone players are called ''[[List of saxophonists|saxophonists]].'' +The '''saxophone''' is a type of [[Single-reed instrument|single-reed]] [[woodwind instrument]] with a conical body, usually made of [[brass]]. As with all single-reed instruments, sound is produced when a [[reed (mouthpiece)|reed]] on a [[Mouthpiece (woodwind)|mouthpiece]] vibrates to produce a sound wave inside the instrument's body. The [[Pitch (music)|pitch]] is controlled by opening and closing holes in the body to change the effective length of the tube. The holes are closed by leather pads attached to keys operated by the player. Saxophones are made in various sizes and are almost always treated as [[transposing instruments]].
-== See also ==+
-* [[Buescher True Tone Saxophones]]+
-* [[Saxophone technique]]+
-* [[Wind controller]]+
-=List of saxophonists=+
-For people that played more than one of the types listed, but _primarily_ played only one, please surround the "X"s of the nonprimaries like so: <small>X</small>. As an example, John Coltrane is listed as playing Soprano, Alto and Tenor, but he most definitely played Tenor the most, so the X's for Soprano & Alto have been surrounded in <small> tags.+
-Let's keep this as a pretty comprehensive list, including the unquestionably great (Coltrane, Parker) with the new guys few have heard of (as long as they actually have recordings [or just mysterious, but widespread fame] out there) - more categorical lists can be made later on.+The saxophone is used in a wide range of musical styles including [[classical music]] (such as [[concert band]]s, [[chamber music]], [[List of concert works for saxophone|solo repertoire]], and occasionally [[orchestra]]s), [[military band]]s, [[marching band]]s, [[jazz]] (such as [[big band]]s and jazz combos), and contemporary music. The saxophone is also used as a solo and melody instrument or as a member of a [[horn section]] in some styles of [[rock and roll]] and [[popular music]].
-Eventually a little color should be added - alternating shades for rows and columns (just to make the distinction easier) and probably assigning each Genre a color. Possibly color-code Timespans that fall into "the golden age of jazz" from like 1940-1970 or something. Shade groupings for the standards (alto, tenor, baritone), the lows (bass, etc.) and the others.+The saxophone was invented by the Belgian instrument maker [[Adolphe Sax]] in the early 1840s and was patented on 28 June 1846.
 +===In jazz and popular music===
 +Coincident with the more widespread availability of saxophones in the US around the turn of the century was the rise of [[ragtime]] music. The bands featuring the [[syncopated]] African-American rhythmic influences of ragtime were an exciting new feature of the American cultural landscape and provided the groundwork for new styles of dancing. Two of the best known ragtime-playing brass bands with saxophones were those led by [[W. C. Handy]] and [[James R. Europe]]. Europe's 369th Infantry Regiment Band popularized ragtime in France during its 1918 tour. The rise of dance bands into the 1920s followed from the popularity of ragtime. The saxophone was also used in [[Vaudeville]] entertainment during the same period. Ragtime, Vaudeville, and dance bands introduced much of the American public to the saxophone. [[Rudy Wiedoeft]] became the best known individual saxophone stylist and virtuoso during this period leading into the "saxophone craze" of the 1920s. Following it, the saxophone became featured in music as diverse as the "sweet" music of [[Paul Whiteman]] and [[Guy Lombardo]], jazz, swing, and large stage show bands.
--->+The rise of the saxophone as a jazz instrument followed its widespread adoption in dance bands during the early 1920s. The [[Fletcher Henderson Orchestra]], formed in 1923, featured arrangements to back up improvisation, bringing the first elements of jazz to the large dance band format. Following the innovations of the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra, the [[Duke Ellington Orchestra]] and [[Jean Goldkette]]'s [[Victor Recording Orchestra]] featured jazz solos with saxophones and other instruments. The association of dance bands with jazz would reach its peak with the [[swing music]] of the 1930s. The large show band format, influenced by the 1930s swing bands, would be used as backing for popular vocalists and stage shows in the post World War II era, and provided a foundation for big band jazz. Show bands with saxophone sections became a staple of television talk shows (such as the ''[[Tonight Show]]'' that featured bands led by [[Doc Severinsen]] and [[Branford Marsalis]]) and Las Vegas stage shows. The swing era fostered the later saxophone styles that permeated [[bebop]] and [[rhythm and blues]] in the early postwar era.
-Explanation of columns:+
-*[[Sopranino saxophone|s]] = [[Sopranino saxophone|Sopranino]]+
-*[[Soprano saxophone|S]] = [[Soprano saxophone|Soprano]]+
-*[[Alto saxophone|A]] = [[Alto saxophone|Alto]]+
-*[[Tenor saxophone|T]] = [[Tenor saxophone|Tenor]]+
-*[[Baritone saxophone|B]] = [[Baritone saxophone|Baritone]]+
-*[[Bass saxophone|b]] = [[Bass saxophone|Bass]]+
-*[[Contrabass saxophone|c]] = [[Contrabass saxophone|Contrabass]]+
-*[[Subcontrabass saxophone|sc]] = [[Subcontrabass saxophone|Subcontrabass]] (i.e. [[Tubax]])+
-This page lists all saxophonists. See [[List of jazz saxophonists]] for a list of jazz sax players.+[[Coleman Hawkins]] established the tenor saxophone as a jazz solo instrument during his stint with Fletcher Henderson from 1923 to 1934. Hawkins' [[arpeggiated]], rich-toned, vibrato-laden style was the main influence on swing era tenor players before [[Lester Young]], and his influence continued with other big-toned tenor players into the era of modern jazz. Among the tenor players directly influenced by him were [[Chu Berry]], [[Charlie Barnet]], [[Tex Beneke]], [[Ben Webster]], [[Vido Musso]], [[Herschel Evans]], [[Buddy Tate]], and [[Don Byas]]. Hawkins' bandmate [[Benny Carter]] and Duke Ellington's alto saxophonist [[Johnny Hodges]] became influential on swing era alto styles, while [[Harry Carney]] brought the baritone saxophone to prominence with the Duke Ellington Orchestra. The New Orleans player [[Sidney Bechet]] gained recognition for playing the soprano saxophone during the 1920s, but the instrument did not come into wide use until the modern era of jazz.
-Explanation of indicators:+As Chicago style jazz evolved from [[Dixieland|New Orleans jazz]] in the 1920s, one of its defining features was the addition of saxophones to the ensemble. The small Chicago ensembles offered more improvisational freedom than did the New Orleans or large band formats, fostering the innovations of saxophonists [[Jimmy Dorsey]] (alto), [[Frankie Trumbauer]] (c-melody), [[Bud Freeman]] (tenor) and [[Stump Evans]] (baritone). Dorsey and Trumbauer became important influences on tenor saxophonist Lester Young.
-*X = instrument has been used by person or group+
-*<small>X</small> = instrument has been used by person or group, but much less often than other X-marked instruments+
-*C = person or group uses a [[C melody saxophone]] (either as primary instrument, or in addition to the normal tenor sax)+
-{| class="sortable" border="1" cellpadding="7" style="margin-top: 1em; text-align: center; border: 1px solid gray; border-collapse: collapse;"+Lester Young's approach on tenor saxophone differed from Hawkins', emphasizing more melodic "linear" playing that wove in and out of the chordal structure and longer phrases that differed from those suggested by the tune. He used vibrato less, fitting it to the passage he was playing. His tone was smoother and darker than that of his 1930s contemporaries. Young's playing was a major influence on the modern jazz saxophonists [[Al Cohn]], [[Stan Getz]], [[Zoot Sims]], [[Dexter Gordon]], [[Wardell Gray]], [[Lee Konitz]], [[Warne Marsh]], [[Charlie Parker]], and [[Art Pepper]].
-|- style="background: #eeeeee;"+
-| Name+
-| Timespan+
-| [[Sopranino saxophone|s]]+
-| [[Soprano saxophone|S]]+
-| [[Alto saxophone|A]]+
-| [[Tenor saxophone|T]]+
-| [[Baritone saxophone|B]]+
-| [[Bass saxophone|b]]+
-| [[Contrabass saxophone|c]]+
-| [[Subcontrabass saxophone|sc]]+
-| [[Music genre|Genre]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Mindi Abair]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1969-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| x+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Smooth jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[George Adams (musician)|George Adams]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1940-1992+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Pepper Adams]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1930-1986+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Julian "Cannonball" Adderley]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1928-1975+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Gerald Albright]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1957-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Eric Alexander (jazz saxophonist)|Eric Alexander]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1968-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Lee Allen (musician)|Lee Allen]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1926-1994+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rhythm and Blues|R&B]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Marshall Allen]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1924-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Joey Ambrose]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1934-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock music|Rock]] / [[Bebop]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Gene Ammons]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1925-1974+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Fred Anderson (musician)|Fred Anderson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1929-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Albert Ayler]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1936-1970+
-|+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Greg Banaszak]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | +
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]], [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Bernardo Baraj]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1944-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]], [[Folk music|Folk]], [[Tango music|Tango]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Gato Barbieri]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1934-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Phillip Barham]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1957-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| +
-| x+
-| X+
-| x+
-|+
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| [[Classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Charlie Barnet]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1913-1991+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Swing]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Gary Bartz]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1940-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Sidney Bechet]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1897-1959+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jay Beckenstein]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1951-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| +
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Smooth Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Han Bennink]]<!--Do not delete; although primarily a drummer Bennink does play saxophones -- see http://www.hanbennink.com/biography.htm http://www1.ttcn.ne.jp/~improvised.co/zdiscg_045_atsugi.html http://www.allaboutjazz.com/reviews/r1000_166.htm-->+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1942-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| C+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Peter Bennink]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | +
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Bob Berg]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1951-2002+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Sean Bergin]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1948-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| +
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jerry Bergonzi]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1947-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| x+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Tim Berne]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1954-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| +
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Leon (Chu) Berry|Leon "Chu" Berry]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1908-1941+
-|+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Serge Bertocchi]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1961-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-| [[Contemporary classical music|Contemporary]] / [[Classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Gary Bias]]+
-| style="font-family:monospace;" | 1962-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| X +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rhythm & Blues|R&B]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jane Ira Bloom]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1955-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; +
-|+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Hamiet Bluiett]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1940-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Arthur Blythe]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1940-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free Jazz]] / [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Earl Bostic]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1913-1965+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rhythm and blues|R&B]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Mwata Bowden]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1947-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[David Bowie]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1947-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock (music)|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Charles Brackeen]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1940-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|[[Jazz]] / [[Free Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Anthony Braxton]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1945-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+F+
-| C+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Michael Brecker]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1949-2007+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Willem Breuker]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1944-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Nathan Bridges]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1985-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Improv]] / [[Rock music|Rock]] / [[Jazz]] / [[Blues]] / [[classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Nick Brignola]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1936-2002+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[James Briggs (Jimmy the Robot)]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1978-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| +
-| +
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Ska]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Peter Brötzmann]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1941-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Marion Brown]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1935-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Avant-garde jazz|Avant-garde]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Tore Brunborg]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1960-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Cornelius Bumpus]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1946-2004+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]] / [[Rock music|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Garvin Bushell]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1902-1991+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Don Byas]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1912-1972+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Sid Caesar]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1922-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Swing]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Ed Calle]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1969-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| x+
-| X+
-| x+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Ronald Caravan]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1946-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| x+
-| X+
-| X+
-| x+
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| [[classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Harry Carney]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1910-1974+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Pete Carney]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1974-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| +
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Acid Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Benny Carter]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1907-2003+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Daniel Carter (musician)|Daniel Carter]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1945-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[James Carter (musician)|James Carter]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1969-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+F+
-| C+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Emilio Castillo]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1968-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| X+
-| +
-| +
-|+
-|+
-| [[Soul music|Soul]] / [[Funk]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Serge Chaloff]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1923-1957+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[James Chance]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1953-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Improv]] / [[Punk rock|Punk]] / [[Funk]] / [[Free Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Pete Christlieb]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1945-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]] / [[Bebop]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Clarence Clemons]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1942-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock (music)|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Bill Clinton]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1946-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]] / [[Funk]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Arnett Cobb]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1918-1989+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jeff Coffin]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1965-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Paul Cohen (saxophonist)|Paul Cohen]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | +
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| [[classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Al Cohn]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1925–1988+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Ornette Coleman]] +
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1930-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Steve Coleman]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1956-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[John Coltrane]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1926-1967+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Ravi Coltrane]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1965-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Lenny Hambro]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1942-1995+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]] / [[Swing]] / [[Bebop]] / [[Mambo (music)|Mambo]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Lol Coxhill]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1932-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free improvising|Free improv]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Sonny Criss]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1927-1977+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Ronnie Cuber]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1941-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| +
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[King Curtis]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1950-1971+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock & Roll]] / [[Soul music|Soul]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Eddie (Lockjaw) Davis|Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1922-1986+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Charles DeChant]]+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Blue-eyed soul]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Chris Dee]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1963-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| +
-| +
-| X+
-| <small></small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Daniel Deffayet]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1922-2002+
-| +
-| X+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Claude Delangle]]+
-| +
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Karl Denson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]] / [[Funk]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Paul Desmond]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1924-1977+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Stefano di Battista]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1969-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Klaus Doldinger]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1936-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Eric Dolphy]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1928-1964+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Lou Donaldson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1926-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Hard bop]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jimmy Dorsey]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1904-1957+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Big Band]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Paquito D'Rivera]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1948-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Latin Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Du Yinjiao]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1965-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Steve Duke]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1954-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Contemporary classical music|Contemporary Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Candy Dulfer]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1969-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Smooth jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Hans Dulfer]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1940-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Paul Dunmall]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1953-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| C+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jay C. Easton]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1975-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Pee Wee Ellis|Alfred "Pee Wee" Ellis]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1941-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Booker Ervin]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1930-1970+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Ellery Eskelin]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1959-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Bill Evans (saxophonist)|Bill Evans]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1958-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Douglas Ewart]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1946-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| x+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Wilton Felder]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1940-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| X+
-| +
-| +
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]] / [[Fusion]] / [[R&B]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Bud Freeman]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1906-1991+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Chico Freeman]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1949-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Wolfgang Fuchs]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1949-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free improvising|Free improv]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Sam Furnace]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1954-2004+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Kenny G]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1956-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Smooth jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Kenny Garrett]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1960-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Alfred Gallodoro]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1913-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| +
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]], [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jan Garbarek]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1947-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| x+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Charles Gayle]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1939-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|<small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|<small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Stan Getz]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1927-1991+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[John Gilmore (musician)|John Gilmore]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1931-1995+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jimmy Giuffre]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1921-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Frode Gjerstad]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1948-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Avant-garde jazz|Avant-garde]]+
-|-+
 +The influence of Lester Young with the [[Count Basie Orchestra]] in the late 1930s and the popularity of Hawkins' 1939 recording of "[[Body and Soul (1930 song)|Body and Soul]]" marked the saxophone as an influence on jazz equal to the trumpet, which had been the defining instrument of jazz since its beginnings in New Orleans. But the greatest influence of the saxophone on jazz was to occur a few years later when alto saxophonist [[Charlie Parker]] became an icon of the [[bebop]] revolution that influenced generations of jazz musicians. The small-group format of bebop and post-bebop jazz ensembles gained ascendancy in the 1940s as musicians used the harmonic and melodic freedom pioneered by Parker, [[Dizzy Gillespie]], [[Thelonious Monk]], and [[Bud Powell]] in extended jazz solos.
 +During the 1950s, prominent alto players included [[Sonny Stitt]], [[Cannonball Adderley]], [[Jackie McLean]], [[Lou Donaldson]], [[Sonny Criss]] and [[Paul Desmond]], while prominent tenor players included Lester Young, Coleman Hawkins, [[Dexter Gordon]], [[John Coltrane]], [[Sonny Rollins]], [[Stan Getz]], [[Zoot Sims]], [[Lucky Thompson]], [[Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis]], and [[Paul Gonsalves]]. [[Serge Chaloff]], [[Gerry Mulligan]], [[Pepper Adams]] and [[Leo Parker]] brought the baritone saxophone to prominence as a solo instrument. [[Steve Lacy (saxophonist)|Steve Lacy]] renewed attention to the soprano saxophone in the context of modern jazz and John Coltrane boosted the instrument's popularity during the 1960s. Smooth jazz musician [[Kenny G]] also uses the soprano sax as his principal instrument.
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Vinny Golia]]+Saxophonists such as John Coltrane, [[Ornette Coleman]], [[Sam Rivers (jazz musician)|Sam Rivers]], and [[Pharoah Sanders]] defined the forefront of creative exploration with the avant-garde movement of the 1960s. The new realms offered with [[Modal jazz|Modal]], [[harmolodics|harmolodic]], and [[free jazz]] were explored with every device that saxophonists could conceive of. Sheets of sound, tonal exploration, upper harmonics, and multiphonics were hallmarks of the creative possibilities that saxophones offered. One lasting influence of the avant-garde movement is the exploration of non-Western ethnic sounds on the saxophone, for example, the African-influenced sounds used by Sanders and the [[India]]n-influenced sounds used by Coltrane. The devices of the avant-garde movement have continued to be influential in music that challenges the boundaries between avant-garde and other categories of jazz, such as that of alto saxophonists [[Steve Coleman]] and [[Greg Osby]].
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1946-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+[[Image:Illinoisjacquet.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Illinois Jacquet, early influence on R&B saxophone, 1941]]
-| X+Some ensembles such as the [[World Saxophone Quartet]] use the soprano-alto-tenor-baritone (SATB) format of the classical saxophone quartet for jazz. In the 1990s, World Saxophone Quartet founder [[Hamiet Bluiett]] formed the quartet Baritone Nation (four baritones).
-| X+
-| +
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Benny Golson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1929-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Paul Gonsalves]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1920-1974+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Kadri Gopalnath]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1950-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Carnatic music|Carnatic]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Dexter Gordon]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1923-1990+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Hard bop]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jean-Michel Goury]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1961-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| +
-| +
-| [[Contemporary classical music|Contemporary]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Glen Gray]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1906-1963+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Wardell Gray]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1921-1955+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Johnny Griffin]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1928-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Hard bop]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Adam Grimm]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1978-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Tom Guralnick]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1951-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Experimental music|Experimental]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Mats Gustafsson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1951-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Randall Hall]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| +
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-| +
-|+
-| [[Free improv]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Greg Ham]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1953-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-| +
-|+
-| [[Reggae]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Scott Hamilton (musician)|Scott Hamilton]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1954-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[John Handy]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1933-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Otto Hardwick]]+
-| style="font-family:monospace;" | 1904-1970+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| +
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[John Harle]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1956-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Rufus Harley]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1936-2006+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Joe Harriott]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1929-1973+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Eddie Harris]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1934-1996+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Coleman Hawkins]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1904-1969+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jimmy Heath]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1926-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[John Helliwell]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1945-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock (music)|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Frederick Hemke|Frederick L. Hemke]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1935-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Julius Hemphill]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1938-1995+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Joe Henderson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1937-2001+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Woody Herman]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1913-1987+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Johnny Hodges]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1906-1970+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Red Holloway]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1927-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Ron Holloway]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1953-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]], [[R&B]], [[Blues]], [[Funk]], [[Rock music|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jim Horn]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 19xx-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| +
-| +
-| x+
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-| +
-|+
-| [[Blues]] / [[Rock music|Rock]] / [[R&B]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[James Houlik]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1942-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-| +
-|+
-| [[Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Mihai Iordache]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1967-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]], [[Funk]], [[Punk rock|Punk]], [[Rock music|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[David Jackson (rock musician)|David Jackson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1947-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Progressive rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Illinois Jacquet]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1922-2004+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Tore Jevanord]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1985-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Budd Johnson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1910-1984+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Chris "Biggie" Johnson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1982-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]] / [[Punk rock|Punk]] / [[Rock music|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Plas Johnson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1931-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Bebop]] / [[R&B]] / [[Blues]] / [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Kidd Jordan|Edward "Kidd" Jordan]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1935-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| C+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Clifford Jordan]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1931-1993+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Louis Jordan]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1908-1975+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rhythm and blues|R&B]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Ori Kaplan]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1969-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Bruce Kapler]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1953-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock music|Rock]], [[R&B]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Theodore Kerkezos]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Bobby Keys]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1943-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| X+
-| +
-| +
-| +
-|+
-| [[Rock music|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Daniel Kientzy]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1951-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-| [[Contemporary classical music|Contemporary]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Rahsaan Roland Kirk]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1935-1977+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]], [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[John Klemmer]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1946-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| +
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Smooth jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Hans Koch]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1948-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Lee Konitz]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1927-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[H&aring;kon Kornstad]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1977-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| +
-| X+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]], [[Free jazz]], [[Free improvising|Free improv]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Dave Koz]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1963-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Smooth jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Stephen "Doc" Kupka]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | +
-|+
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Funk]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Trent Kynaston]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1946-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| +
-| x+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| [[Classical music|Classical]], [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Steve Lacy]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1934-2004+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Oliver Lake]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1942-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Harold Land]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1928-2001+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Hard bop]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Prince Lasha]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1929-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Yusef Lateef]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1920-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Amy Lee (saxophonist)|Amy Lee]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1963-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Smooth jazz]], [[Jazz]], [[R&B]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Michael Lewis (musician)|Michael Lewis]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1946-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| +
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Roger Lewis]]+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Dave Liebman]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1946-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[John Linnell]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1959-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Pop music|Pop]] / [[Rock music|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Liu Yuan (musician)|Liu Yuan]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1960-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]], [[Rock (music)|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Charles Lloyd (jazz musician)|Charles Lloyd]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1938-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jean-Marie Londeix]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1932-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Joe Lovano]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1952-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+C+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Andy Mackay]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1946-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock music|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Steve MacKay]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" |+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Punk rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Steve Marcus|Steve "The Count" Marcus]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1939-2005+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]] / [[Jazz Fusion|Fusion]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Charlie Mariano]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1923-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Lou Marini]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1945-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Branford Marsalis]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1960-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]] / [[Classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Warne Marsh]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1927-1987+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jerry Martini]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1943-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Soul music|Soul]] / [[Funk]] / [[Rock (music)|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Sabir Mateen]]+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Bennie Maupin]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1940-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Drew Mazur]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1990-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz fusion]] / [[Cool Jazz]] / [[Blues-rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jackie McLean]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1932-2006+
-|+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Hard bop]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Harold McNair]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1932-1971+
-|+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Joe McPhee]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1939-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Charles McPherson (musician)|Charles McPherson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1939-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Patrick Meighan]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | +
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Pierre-Stéphane Meugé]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1964-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|<small>X</small>+
-|+
-| [[Contemporary classical music|Contemporary]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Charles Miller (musician)|Charles Miller]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1939-1980+
-| +
-| +
-| X+
-| X+
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| [[Funk]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Bob Mintzer]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1953-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Roscoe Mitchell]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1940-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Hank Mobley]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1930-1986+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Hard bop]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[James Moody]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1925-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jemeel Moondoc]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1951-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Angelo Moore]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1965-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>x</small>+
-| <small>x</small>+
-| <small>x</small>+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock (music)|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[LeRoi Moore]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1961-2008+
-|+
-| X<!--Isn't soprano his main instrument?-->+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock (music)|Rock]], [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Frank Morgan (musician)|Frank Morgan]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1933-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Dick Morrissey]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1940-2000+
-|+
-| X+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Bob Mover]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1952-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Marcel Mule]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1901-2001+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Gerry Mulligan]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1927-1996+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[David Murray (jazz musician)|David Murray]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1955-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Don Myrick]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | c. 1940-1993+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[R&B]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[National Saxophone Choir of Great Britian|National Saxophone Choir]]+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[David Newman (jazz musician)|David "Fathead" Newman]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1933-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Enzo Nini]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" |1954-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; +
-| +
-| <small>X</small> +
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X +
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Steve Norman]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" |1960-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; +
-| +
-| +
-| X+
-| +
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Pop music|Pop]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Chris O'Hara]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" |1989-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; +
-| +
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| X +
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]] / [[Rock music|Rock]] / [[Funk]] / [[Latin music|Latin]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Greg Osby]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1960-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Gerald Oshita]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1942-1992+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Fausto Papetti]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1923-1999+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Smooth Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Walter Parazaider]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1945-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock (music)|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Charlie Parker|Charlie "Bird" Parker]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1920-1955+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Bebop]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Evan Parker]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1944-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Maceo Parker]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1943-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rhythm and blues]] / [[Funk]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[JD Parran]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" |+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Pat Patrick]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1929-1991+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Kirk Pengilly]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1958-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock (music)|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Art Pepper]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1925-1982+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jim Pepper]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1941-1992+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Joseph "Flip" Phillips]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1915-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Lenny Pickett]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1954-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rhythm and blues]] / [[funk]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Dave Pietro]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | +
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| C+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[St. Clair Pinckney]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1930-1999+
-|+
-| +
-| +
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Funk]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Courtney Pine]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1964-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X +
-| +
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]] / [[Jazz fusion]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Harvey Pittel]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1943-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Dan Plonsey]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1958-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| C+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Rudy Pompilli]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1926-1976+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock & Roll]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Chris Potter (jazz saxophonist)|Chris Potter]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1971-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Ike Quebec]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1918-1963+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Kenneth Radnofsky]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1953-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| x+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Boyd Raeburn]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1913-1966+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Bhob Rainey]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1972-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free improv]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Boots Randolph]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1927-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock & Roll]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Sigurd Raschèr]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1907-2001+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Danny Ray]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1951-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock (music)|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Dewey Redman]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1931-2006+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Joshua Redman]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1969-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Alto Reed]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|x+
-| x+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|X+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock & Roll / R&B / Blues/Jazz / Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Don Rendell]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1926-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Trent Reznor]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1965-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock (music)|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jerome Richardson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1920-2000+
-|+
-|+
-| x+
-| X+
-| x+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]] / [[Big Band]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Sam Rivers]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1923-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Pat Rizzo]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1943-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Soul music|Soul]] / [[Funk]] / [[Rock (music)|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Matana Roberts]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | +
-|+
-| +
-| X+
-| +
-| +
-| +
-| +
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Roy Robertson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | +
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| C+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Adrian Rollini]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1904-1956+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Swing (genre)|Swing]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Sonny Rollins]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1930-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Ned Rothenberg]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1956-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free improv]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Zack Roudebush]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1990-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Eugene Rousseau (saxophonist)|Eugene Rousseau]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1932-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Charlie Rouse]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1924-1988+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Brian Sacawa]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1977-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Miranda Sachetta (musician)|Miranda Sachetta]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1991-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Dominic Saldhana]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1926-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]], [[Pop music|Pop]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[John Sampen]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1949-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[David Sanborn]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1945-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Smooth jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Pharoah Sanders]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1940-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Adolphe Sax]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1814-1894+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Tom Scott (musician)|Tom Scott]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1948-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz fusion]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Louis Sclavis]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1953-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Trygve Seim]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1971-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Bud Shank]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1926-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Elliott Sharp]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1951-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Experimental music|Experimental]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Andy Sheppard]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1957-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Archie Shepp]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1937-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Wayne Shorter]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1933-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Sonny Simmons]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1933-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Zoot Sims]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1925-1985+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Donald Sinta]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1937-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Willie Smith (alto saxophonist)|Willie Smith]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1910-1967+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Swing (genre)|Swing]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Chris Speed]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1967-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Herbie Steward]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1926-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Sonny Stitt]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1924-1982+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Bebop]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Vernon Story]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1922-2007+
-|+
-|+
-| +
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Bebop]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Nobuya Sugawa]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | +
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| +
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Taimur Sullivan]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1970-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[John Surman]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1944-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Lew Tabackin]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1940-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Yasuyuki "Yaz" Takagi]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Evan Tate]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1961-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Sam Taylor (jazz)|Sam "the Man" Taylor]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1916-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz, R&B, Pop]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[John Tchicai]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1936-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Oluyemi Thomas]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | +
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| C+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Pete Thomas (saxophonist)|Pete Thomas]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | +
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rock music|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Barbara Thompson (musician)|Barbara Thompson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1944-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Lee Jay Thompson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1957-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| +
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Ska]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Lucky Thompson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1924-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Dave Tofani]] +
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 19??-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| x+
-| x+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Frankie Trumbauer|Frankie "Tram" Trumbauer]] +
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1901-1956+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| C+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Kenneth Tse (saxophonist)|Kenneth Tse]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1972-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Mark Turner (musician)|Mark Turner]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1965-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Stanley Turrentine]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1934-2000+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Kazutoki Umezu]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1949-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Ken Vandermark]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1964-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Charlie Ventura]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1916-1992+
-|+
-|+
-| +
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Eddie Vinson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1917-1988+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Mark Walton]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1957-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Carlos Ward]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1940-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| <small>X</small>+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[David S. Ware]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1949-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Grover Washington, Jr.]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1943-1999+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| x+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Smooth Jazz]] / [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Bobby Watson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1953-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Ernie Watts]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1945-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]] / [[Fusion]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Noble "Thin Man" Watts]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1926-2004+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Rhythm and blues|R&B]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Ben Webster]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1909-1973+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-|style="text-align: left;" | [[Marcus Weiss]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1961-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-| [[Contemporary classical music|Contemporary]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Frank Wess]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1922-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Kirk Whalum]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1958-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| +
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz fusion]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Andrew White (saxophonist)|Andrew White]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1942-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Chris White (saxophonist)|Chris White]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1955-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]], [[Rock music|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Rudy Wiedoeft]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1893-1940+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-| C+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[European classical music|Classical]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Barney Wilen]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1937-1996+
-|+
-|+
-| +
-| X+
-| +
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Pamela Williams]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | +
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Steve Wilson]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1961-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; +
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Paul Winter]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1939-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| x+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]], [[World music]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Francis Wong]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | +
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Phil Woods]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1931-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|[[Bebop]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Chris Wood (rock musician)|Chris Wood]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1944-1983+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-| +
-|[[Rock music|Rock]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Andrew Woolfolk]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1951-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-| X+
-| X+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|[[R&B]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Lester Young|Lester "Prez" Young]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1909-1959+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[John Zorn]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1953-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-| [[Free jazz]]+
-|-+
-| style="text-align: left;" | [[Anne Zwaga]]+
-| style="font-family: monospace;" | 1960-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+
-|+
-|+
-| <small>X</small>+
-| X+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|+
-|[[Bebop]]+
-|- style="background: #eeeeee;"+
-| Name+
-| Timespan+
-| [[Sopranino saxophone|s]]+
-| [[Soprano saxophone|S]]+
-| [[Alto saxophone|A]]+
-| [[Tenor saxophone|T]]+
-| [[Baritone saxophone|B]]+
-| [[Bass saxophone|b]]+
-| [[Contrabass saxophone|c]]+
-| [[Subcontrabass saxophone|sc]]+
-| [[Music genre|Genre]]+
-|}+
-==[[Fiction]]al saxophonists==+The "jump swing" bands of the 1940s gave rise to [[rhythm and blues]], featuring horn sections and exuberant, strong-toned, heavily rhythmic styles of saxophone playing with a melodic sense based on [[blues]] tonalities. [[Illinois Jacquet]], [[Sam Butera]], [[Arnett Cobb]], and [[Jimmy Forrest (musician)|Jimmy Forrest]] were major influences on R&B tenor styles and [[Louis Jordan]], [[Eddie "Cleanhead" Vinson]], [[Earl Bostic]], and [[Bull Moose Jackson]] were major influences on alto. The R&B saxophone players influenced later genres including [[rock and roll]], [[ska]], [[Soul music|soul]], and [[funk]]. Horn section work continued with [[Johnny Otis]] and [[Ray Charles]] featuring horn sections and the [[Memphis Horns]], the [[Phenix Horns]], and [[Tower of Power]] achieving distinction for their section playing. Horn sections were added to the Chicago and West Coast blues bands of [[Lowell Fulson]], [[T-Bone Walker]], [[B.B. King]], and [[Guitar Slim]]. Rock and soul fusion bands such as [[Chicago (band)|Chicago]], [[The Electric Flag]], and [[Blood, Sweat, and Tears]] featured horn sections. [[Bobby Keys]] and [[Clarence Clemons]] became influential rock and roll saxophone stylists. [[Junior Walker]], [[King Curtis]] and [[Maceo Parker]] became influential soul and funk saxophone stylists, influencing the more technical [[jazz-fusion]] sounds of [[Michael Brecker]] and [[Bob Mintzer]] and pop-jazz players such as [[Candy Dulfer]].
- +
-* Ribaz, from ''[[Fishnet Parachutes]]''+
-* Bear, from ''[[The Bear Comes Home]]''+
-* Blue from the [[M&M's]]+
-* [[Bleeding Gums Murphy]] from ''The Simpsons''+
-* Dale Turner from ''[[Round Midnight (film)|Round Midnight]]'' (played by [[Dexter Gordon]])+
-* Phoebe Terese from ''[[The Magic School Bus]]''+
-* [[Lisa Simpson]] from ''The Simpsons''+
-* [[McClintic Sphere]]+
-* [[Sesame Street]]Hoots the Owl, from ''Sesame Street''+
-* [[Dr. Teeth and The Electric Mayhem|Zoot]] from ''The Muppet Show''+
-* [[Trigun characters#Midvalley the Hornfreak|Midvalley the Hornfreak]] from ''[[Trigun]]''+
-* [[Tiny Kong]] from ''Donkey Kong 64''+
-* Eddie from ''[[The Rocky Horror Picture Show]]''+
-* Sunny Bridges from ''[[Class of 3000]]''+
-* [[Sue Ellen Armstrong]] from ''Arthur''+
-* [[Shirley the Medium]] from ''Courage the Cowardly Dog''+
 +== See also ==
 +* [[Yakety Sax]]
-{{GFDL}} 
{{GFDL}} {{GFDL}}

Current revision

Canon: Dean Fraser, Roland Alphonso, Pharoah Sanders, Charlie Parker, Colin Stetson

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The saxophone is a type of single-reed woodwind instrument with a conical body, usually made of brass. As with all single-reed instruments, sound is produced when a reed on a mouthpiece vibrates to produce a sound wave inside the instrument's body. The pitch is controlled by opening and closing holes in the body to change the effective length of the tube. The holes are closed by leather pads attached to keys operated by the player. Saxophones are made in various sizes and are almost always treated as transposing instruments.

The saxophone is used in a wide range of musical styles including classical music (such as concert bands, chamber music, solo repertoire, and occasionally orchestras), military bands, marching bands, jazz (such as big bands and jazz combos), and contemporary music. The saxophone is also used as a solo and melody instrument or as a member of a horn section in some styles of rock and roll and popular music.

The saxophone was invented by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax in the early 1840s and was patented on 28 June 1846.

[edit]

In jazz and popular music

Coincident with the more widespread availability of saxophones in the US around the turn of the century was the rise of ragtime music. The bands featuring the syncopated African-American rhythmic influences of ragtime were an exciting new feature of the American cultural landscape and provided the groundwork for new styles of dancing. Two of the best known ragtime-playing brass bands with saxophones were those led by W. C. Handy and James R. Europe. Europe's 369th Infantry Regiment Band popularized ragtime in France during its 1918 tour. The rise of dance bands into the 1920s followed from the popularity of ragtime. The saxophone was also used in Vaudeville entertainment during the same period. Ragtime, Vaudeville, and dance bands introduced much of the American public to the saxophone. Rudy Wiedoeft became the best known individual saxophone stylist and virtuoso during this period leading into the "saxophone craze" of the 1920s. Following it, the saxophone became featured in music as diverse as the "sweet" music of Paul Whiteman and Guy Lombardo, jazz, swing, and large stage show bands.

The rise of the saxophone as a jazz instrument followed its widespread adoption in dance bands during the early 1920s. The Fletcher Henderson Orchestra, formed in 1923, featured arrangements to back up improvisation, bringing the first elements of jazz to the large dance band format. Following the innovations of the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra, the Duke Ellington Orchestra and Jean Goldkette's Victor Recording Orchestra featured jazz solos with saxophones and other instruments. The association of dance bands with jazz would reach its peak with the swing music of the 1930s. The large show band format, influenced by the 1930s swing bands, would be used as backing for popular vocalists and stage shows in the post World War II era, and provided a foundation for big band jazz. Show bands with saxophone sections became a staple of television talk shows (such as the Tonight Show that featured bands led by Doc Severinsen and Branford Marsalis) and Las Vegas stage shows. The swing era fostered the later saxophone styles that permeated bebop and rhythm and blues in the early postwar era.

Coleman Hawkins established the tenor saxophone as a jazz solo instrument during his stint with Fletcher Henderson from 1923 to 1934. Hawkins' arpeggiated, rich-toned, vibrato-laden style was the main influence on swing era tenor players before Lester Young, and his influence continued with other big-toned tenor players into the era of modern jazz. Among the tenor players directly influenced by him were Chu Berry, Charlie Barnet, Tex Beneke, Ben Webster, Vido Musso, Herschel Evans, Buddy Tate, and Don Byas. Hawkins' bandmate Benny Carter and Duke Ellington's alto saxophonist Johnny Hodges became influential on swing era alto styles, while Harry Carney brought the baritone saxophone to prominence with the Duke Ellington Orchestra. The New Orleans player Sidney Bechet gained recognition for playing the soprano saxophone during the 1920s, but the instrument did not come into wide use until the modern era of jazz.

As Chicago style jazz evolved from New Orleans jazz in the 1920s, one of its defining features was the addition of saxophones to the ensemble. The small Chicago ensembles offered more improvisational freedom than did the New Orleans or large band formats, fostering the innovations of saxophonists Jimmy Dorsey (alto), Frankie Trumbauer (c-melody), Bud Freeman (tenor) and Stump Evans (baritone). Dorsey and Trumbauer became important influences on tenor saxophonist Lester Young.

Lester Young's approach on tenor saxophone differed from Hawkins', emphasizing more melodic "linear" playing that wove in and out of the chordal structure and longer phrases that differed from those suggested by the tune. He used vibrato less, fitting it to the passage he was playing. His tone was smoother and darker than that of his 1930s contemporaries. Young's playing was a major influence on the modern jazz saxophonists Al Cohn, Stan Getz, Zoot Sims, Dexter Gordon, Wardell Gray, Lee Konitz, Warne Marsh, Charlie Parker, and Art Pepper.

The influence of Lester Young with the Count Basie Orchestra in the late 1930s and the popularity of Hawkins' 1939 recording of "Body and Soul" marked the saxophone as an influence on jazz equal to the trumpet, which had been the defining instrument of jazz since its beginnings in New Orleans. But the greatest influence of the saxophone on jazz was to occur a few years later when alto saxophonist Charlie Parker became an icon of the bebop revolution that influenced generations of jazz musicians. The small-group format of bebop and post-bebop jazz ensembles gained ascendancy in the 1940s as musicians used the harmonic and melodic freedom pioneered by Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonious Monk, and Bud Powell in extended jazz solos.

During the 1950s, prominent alto players included Sonny Stitt, Cannonball Adderley, Jackie McLean, Lou Donaldson, Sonny Criss and Paul Desmond, while prominent tenor players included Lester Young, Coleman Hawkins, Dexter Gordon, John Coltrane, Sonny Rollins, Stan Getz, Zoot Sims, Lucky Thompson, Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis, and Paul Gonsalves. Serge Chaloff, Gerry Mulligan, Pepper Adams and Leo Parker brought the baritone saxophone to prominence as a solo instrument. Steve Lacy renewed attention to the soprano saxophone in the context of modern jazz and John Coltrane boosted the instrument's popularity during the 1960s. Smooth jazz musician Kenny G also uses the soprano sax as his principal instrument.

Saxophonists such as John Coltrane, Ornette Coleman, Sam Rivers, and Pharoah Sanders defined the forefront of creative exploration with the avant-garde movement of the 1960s. The new realms offered with Modal, harmolodic, and free jazz were explored with every device that saxophonists could conceive of. Sheets of sound, tonal exploration, upper harmonics, and multiphonics were hallmarks of the creative possibilities that saxophones offered. One lasting influence of the avant-garde movement is the exploration of non-Western ethnic sounds on the saxophone, for example, the African-influenced sounds used by Sanders and the Indian-influenced sounds used by Coltrane. The devices of the avant-garde movement have continued to be influential in music that challenges the boundaries between avant-garde and other categories of jazz, such as that of alto saxophonists Steve Coleman and Greg Osby.

Image:Illinoisjacquet.jpg
Illinois Jacquet, early influence on R&B saxophone, 1941

Some ensembles such as the World Saxophone Quartet use the soprano-alto-tenor-baritone (SATB) format of the classical saxophone quartet for jazz. In the 1990s, World Saxophone Quartet founder Hamiet Bluiett formed the quartet Baritone Nation (four baritones).

The "jump swing" bands of the 1940s gave rise to rhythm and blues, featuring horn sections and exuberant, strong-toned, heavily rhythmic styles of saxophone playing with a melodic sense based on blues tonalities. Illinois Jacquet, Sam Butera, Arnett Cobb, and Jimmy Forrest were major influences on R&B tenor styles and Louis Jordan, Eddie "Cleanhead" Vinson, Earl Bostic, and Bull Moose Jackson were major influences on alto. The R&B saxophone players influenced later genres including rock and roll, ska, soul, and funk. Horn section work continued with Johnny Otis and Ray Charles featuring horn sections and the Memphis Horns, the Phenix Horns, and Tower of Power achieving distinction for their section playing. Horn sections were added to the Chicago and West Coast blues bands of Lowell Fulson, T-Bone Walker, B.B. King, and Guitar Slim. Rock and soul fusion bands such as Chicago, The Electric Flag, and Blood, Sweat, and Tears featured horn sections. Bobby Keys and Clarence Clemons became influential rock and roll saxophone stylists. Junior Walker, King Curtis and Maceo Parker became influential soul and funk saxophone stylists, influencing the more technical jazz-fusion sounds of Michael Brecker and Bob Mintzer and pop-jazz players such as Candy Dulfer.

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See also



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