Ecological economics  

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-'''Post-growth''' is a global futures approach to the limits-to-growth dilemma — the perception that, on a planet of finite [[Non-renewable resource|resources]], [[Economy|economies]] and [[Human overpopulation|populations]] cannot grow infinitely. The term "post-growth" acknowledges that [[economic growth]] can generate beneficial effects up to a point, but beyond that point (cited as $25,000 [[Gross domestic product|GDP]]/capita by [[Richard G. Wilkinson|Richard Wilkinson]] and [[Kate Pickett]] in their book ''[[The Spirit Level: Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better|The Spirit Level]]'') it is necessary to look for other indicators and techniques to increase human wellbeing. 
-Post-growth can be distinguished from similar concepts and movements (such as [[degrowth]] and [[steady-state economy]]) in that it seeks to identify and build on what is already working, rather than focusing on what is not. Post-growth advocates try to encourage, connect and further develop already existing ideas, concepts, technologies, systems, initiatives, and actions. In this way, "post-growth" does not specify the answer to the limits-to-growth challenge, as "steady state economics" and "degrowth" attempt to do, but rather, seeks to understand and address this challenge from an evolving [[complex systems]] perspective. With this perspective, post-growth deals with all aspects of self and society (such as psychology, human nature, human evolution, cultures, social systems and economies) and the interrelation of all of these aspects. Accordingly, the post-growth concept also advocates solutions that are appropriate with regards to place, time, resource and cultural factors. Therefore, post-growth initiatives take shape in very different ways under different circumstances.+'''Ecological economics''' (also called '''eco-economics''', '''ecolonomy''' or '''bioeconomics''' of [[Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen|Georgescu-Roegen]]) is both a [[transdisciplinary]] and an [[interdisciplinary]] field of academic research addressing the interdependence and [[coevolution]] of human [[economy|economies]] and natural [[ecosystem]]s, both intertemporally and spatially.
-Post-growth can be considered an asset-based approach to community development — applied not only to community development but across a wide range of categories<!--example?--> — in response to limits-to-growth challenges, as it seeks to identify and build on cultural and technological assets to facilitate the emergence of post-growth futures. In his landmark work ''[[Prosperity Without Growth]]'' (Routledge, 2017), the economist [[Tim Jackson (economist)|Tim Jackson]] demonstrates that building a ‘post-growth’ economy is indeed a "precise, definable and meaningful task". Starting from clear first principles, he sets out the dimensions of that task: the nature of enterprise; the quality of our working lives; the structure of investment; and the role of the money supply.+==See also==
- +*[[Agroecology]]
-== See also ==+*[[Deep ecology]]
-* [[Ecological economics]]+*[[Degrowth]]
-* [[Club of Rome]]+*[[Earth Economics]] (policy think tank)
-* [[Genuine progress indicator]]+*[[Eco-socialism]]
-* ''[[The Limits to Growth]]''+*[[Ecofeminism]]
-* ''[[Prosperity Without Growth]]''+*[[Ecological model of competition]]
-* [[Steady-state economy]]+*[[Ecological values of mangrove]]
-* [[Political ecology]]+*[[Ecology of contexts]]
-* ''[[Power Down: Options and Actions for a Post-Carbon World]]''+*[[Emergy|Emergy synthesis]]
-* [[Deep ecology]]+*[[Embodied energy]]
-* [[Slow movement (culture)|Slow Movement]]+*[[Embodied water]]
-* [[Tim Jackson (economist)]]+*[[Energy accounting]]
-* [[Traditional trades]]+*[[Energy quality]]
-* [[Uneconomic growth]]+*[[Environmental economics]]
-* ''[[The Path to Degrowth in Overdeveloped Countries]]''+*[[Green accounting]]
-* [[Post-consumerism]]+*''[[The Green Economist]]'' (newsletter)
 +*[[Human development theory]]
 +*[[Human ecology]]
 +*[[Inclusive Democracy]]
 +*[[Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare]]
 +*[[International Society for Ecological Economics]]
 +*[[Natural capital accounting]]
 +*[[Natural resource economics]]
 +*[[Outline of green politics]]
 +*[[Social metabolism]]
 +*[[Spaceship Earth]]
 +*[[Steady-state economy]]
 +*[[Thermoeconomics]]
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Ecological economics (also called eco-economics, ecolonomy or bioeconomics of Georgescu-Roegen) is both a transdisciplinary and an interdisciplinary field of academic research addressing the interdependence and coevolution of human economies and natural ecosystems, both intertemporally and spatially.

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