Factory (trading post)
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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A factory (from Latin facere, meaning "to do"; Portuguese feitoria, Dutch factorij, French factorerie) was an establishment for factors or merchants carrying on business in foreign lands, initially established in parts of Medieval Europe. Factories eventually spread to other parts of the world in the wake of European trading ventures and, in many cases, were precursor to colonial expansion. Factories could serve simultaneously as market, warehouse, customs, defense and support to navigation or exploration, headquarters or de facto government of local communities. The head of the factory was the chief factor.
In North America, this trading formula was adopted by colonists and later Americans to exchange goods with local non-Western societies, especially in Native American territory. In that context, these establishments were often called trading posts.
Examples
York Factory was founded by the Hudson's Bay Company in 1697.
In the United States factories under the Superintendent of Indian Trade:[1]
- Creek:
- Colerain, 1795-97
- Fort Wilkinson, 1797-1806
- Ocmulgee Old Fields, 1806-9
- Fort Hawkins, 1809-16
- Fort Mitchell, 1816-20
- Cherokee:
- Fort Tellico, 1795-1807
- Fort Hiwassee, 1807-10
- Fort Wayne, 1802-12
- Choctaw:
- Fort St. Stephens, 1802-15
- Fort Confederation, 1816-22
- Fort Chickasaw Bluffs, 1802–18
- Fort Detroit, 1802-5
- Fort Arkansas, 1805–10
- Fort Chicago, 1805–22
- Fort Belle Fontaine, 1805-9
Natchitoches—Sulphur Fork
- Fort Natchitoches, 1805-18
- FortSulphur Fork, 1818-22
- Fort Sandusky, 1806–12
- Fort Madison, Iowa 1808-15
- Fort Osage, 1808–22
- Fort Mackinac (Michilimackinac), 1808–12
- Fort Green Bay, 1815–22
- Fort Praire du Chien, 1815–22
- Fort Edwards, 1818–22
- Fort Spadre Bluffs (Illinois Bayou), 1818–22
